Ukutya okutshintshiswe ngezilwanyana: yintoni na indlela yokufumana ngayo.
Ukuguqulwa kwamanzi okanye i-transgenic kuthiwa yizinto eziphilayo, kwiiseli apho kunezifo zemizimba, zitshintshwa kwezinye iintlobo zezityalo okanye izilwanyana. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukuba isityalo sibe nepropati ezongeziweyo, umzekelo, ukuchasana nezilwanyana okanye izifo ezithile. Ngokuncediswa kweli teknoloji kunokwenzeka ukuphucula ubomi beshefu, isivuno, ukunambitha kwezityalo.
Izityalo ezitshintshiweyo zizaliswa kwibhubhoratri. Okokuqala, ukusuka kwisilwanyana okanye kwisityalo, i-gene efunekayo yokufakelwa isitshixo, ifakwe kwisitensi saloo sityalo, abafuna ukuyihambisa kunye neepropati ezintsha. Ngokomzekelo, eUnited States, i-gene yeentlanzi eziselunxwemeni lwasemantla yatshintshelwe kwiiseli ze-strawberry. Oku kwenziwa ukwenzela ukwandisa ukuxhatshazwa kweerberberries kwiqhwa. Zonke izityalo ze-GM zivivinywa ukutya kunye nokukhuselwa kwezinto eziphilayo.
EYurophu umveliso weemveliso ze-transgenic awunqatshelwe, kodwa ukuthengiswa kwawo nokuthengiswa kwamanye amazwe kuvunyelwe. Kwamashelufu ethu, ezininzi iimveliso ezenziwe kwi-soybe engaguqukiyo i-ice cream, ushizi, iimveliso zeprotheyini kubadlali, ubisi obomileyo obomileyo njalonjalo. Ukongezelela, ukungeniswa kweentlobo zee-mbatata ze-GM kunye neentlobo ezimbini zombona zivunyelwe.
Iimveliso ezinokubaluleka kunye nezingozi eziphathekayo eziphathekayo.
Iintlobo zeemveliso zibonakala - zibonelela abantu baseplanethi yethu ngemveliso yezolimo. Inani labemi boMhlaba likhula njalo, kwaye iindawo ezihlwayelweyo azikhuli nje kuphela, kodwa zihlala zihla. Izityalo zezolimo eziguqulwe ngokutsha zivumela, ngaphandle kokwandisa ummandla, ukwandisa isivuno ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukukhula kweemveliso ezinjalo kulula, ngoko ke iindleko zabo zingaphantsi.
Nangona kukho abaninzi abachasileyo, ukulimala kweemveliso akuqinisekiswa naluphina uphando olunzulu. Ngokwahlukileyo, ukutya kwe-GM kuvumela emva kwexesha elithile ukulahla iindidi ezinambuzane eziza kusetyenziswa ekukhuleni izityalo ezininzi zezityalo. Isiphumo sincipha kwinani lezifo ezingapheliyo (ngokukodwa ukugula), izifo zokuzikhusela nokunye nokunye.
Kodwa i-biologists ayikhanyeli into yokuba akukho mntu uyazi ukuba ukusetyenziswa kokutya kwe-GM kuya kuthintela njani impilo yezizukulwana ezizayo. Imiphumo yokuqala iya kwaziwa emva kweeminyaka emininzi, lo mzamo unokuchitha ixesha.
Iimveliso ezinokuguqulwa kwezifo ezikhoyo kwiivenkile zethu.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kuninzi kwezinye ivenkile kukho imikhiqizo eguqulwa ngokwemizimba evela kwimizi, amazambane, udlwengulo, isoya. Ngaphandle kwabo, kukho izithelo, imifuno, inyama, intlanzi kunye nezinye iimveliso. Izityalo ze-GM zifumaneka kwiimayonnaise, igargarine, iipesele, i-confectionery kunye nemveliso yokubhaka, i-oli yeemifino, ukutya kwezingane, i-sausages.
Ezi mveliso azifani naziqhelekileyo, kodwa zingabizi. Kwaye kuthengiswa kwabo akukho nto iphosakeleyo ukuba xa kufakwa umququzeli umenzi wabonakalisa ukuba iimveliso eziguqulwa ngokwemizimba. Indoda inokugqiba isigqibo sokuba uthenge: iimveliso zeMG zithengi, okanye eziqhelekileyo zibiza kakhulu. Kwaye, nangona okokuba ukumakisha okunjalo kuyimfuneko (ukuba umxholo we-GM weemveliso uvela kwi-0, i-9% yentengo yonke yeempahla) kwiimfuno zangasese nezocwangco ezweni lethu, akusoloko ekhoyo.
Umthengisi oyintloko weemveliso zeGM kwilizwe lethu yi-United States, apho kungekho mingcipheko kwimveliso nokuthengisa. Izidalwa eziphilayo eziguquguqukayo kunye nezityalo zisebenzisa ezo nkampani ezinkulu njengeCoca-Cola (iziphuzo ezinomsoco), uDanone (ukutya kwasebantwaneni, iimveliso zobisi), i-Nestle (ukutya kwabantwana, ikhofi, i-chocolate), iSimilak (ukutya kwabantwana), iHershis ( iziphuzo ezithambileyo, i-tshokoleta), iMcdonald's (ukutya okukhawulezayo ukutya) kunye nabanye.
Izifundo ziye zafumanisa ukuba ukutya ukutya kwe-GM akulimazi ngokusemzimbeni umzimba womntu, nangona kunjalo, eli qiniso alikaqinisekiswa ngexesha.