Ngamanye amaxesha ngexesha lokubeletha, iziganeko ezahlukeneyo ezingalindelekanga kunye neengxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke, malunga noluphi, oogqirha kunye nabachwephethini bazama ukunyanzeliswa ngonyango kwi-generic process.
Isidingo sokungenelela ngonyango ngokukhawuleza ngexesha lokubeletha kwenzeka xa umsebenzi wezabasebenzi unqabileyo ngokukhawuleza, xa unina akakwazi ukuzala ngokuzimeleyo nakwezinye iimeko xa kukho ingozi kwimpilo nobomi bomntwana.
Ukungenelela kwezonyango kwi-generic inkqubo kukumiselwa kwe-obstetric forceps, ukukhutshwa kwe-vacuum, kunye nokuchithwa komzimba.
Enye yezona zinto "zityhaphaka" zinyanzeliso xa zisebenza ngexesha lokubambisa ukunyanzelwa kwezinto ezinzima. Phakathi kwabantu abaninzi, baninzi imibuzo kunye nokungabaza malunga nemfuneko yokungenelelo olunjalo, kuba bakholelwa ukuba le ntsebenzo ibangela ingozi yomntwana ngexesha lokubeletha. Kufuneka icaciswe ukuba ubunzima obukhulu bokusebenza bujoliswe ngokukodwa kwiimeko apho zenziwa khona. Kwixesha eliqhelekileyo lokunikezelwa, ugqirha akaze amthabathe umntwana ngaphandle kwedolophu yokuzala ngokubamba. Kodwa kukho iimeko xa kungenjalo ukungenelela kulomntwana onokufa.
Ngokomzekelo, imeko xa intloko ye-fetal ingena kwi-pelvis encinci, kwaye umsebenzi wokuzalwa ukhanyisa. Kule meko, intliziyo ye-fetal iyaba yinto engafanelekanga, ize ihambe ngokukhawuleza, i-hypoxia ye-fetal iyenzeka. Ukuba, kwimeko enjalo, kungxamisekileyo ukungenelela nokunyanzelisa i-forceps, umntwana uya kufa. Icandelo laseKesariya alikwenziwanga apha, ekubeni umntwana sele sele ehla kakhulu kude nesisu esiswini. Iindlela ezizezona zokunceda unina nomntwana - ukusetyenziswa kwe-forceps okanye ukukhutshwa kwe-vacuus. Ngethuba elincinane ukusebenza kuthatha, bhetele umntwana uya kuziva emva kokuzalwa, ekubeni uhlalisa i-hypoxia.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-forceps kunye nokucinywa kwamandla okucoca kwenziwa kuphela ngabayingcali ababazi ubuchule bokuqhuba le mi sebenzi. Ingundoqo yale misebenzi kukuba umntwana ukhutshwe kwi-canal yokuzalwa ngokuncedisa ukulungelelaniswa okukhethekileyo. Ukwahlukana phakathi kokusebenzisa i-forceps kunye nefuthe lokucoca ngolu hlobo kukuba ukukhutshwa kwamanzi kumnceda umfazi osebuntwini ukuba aqhubezele aze abelethe intloko yesana, kwaye i-forceps ithatha indawo yamehlo, umntwana ushiya isalathiso sokuzalwa phantsi kwefuthe langaphandle logqirha.
Ezi zongenelelo zonyango zingenziwa ngokunciphisa umsebenzi wezabasebenzi, kunye nosongelo lwe-hypoxia, ngokuchasene nokunyanzeliswa ngexesha lobasebenzi (isifo senhliziyo, i-gestosis ekupheleni, umxhesho wexinzelelo, njl.
Ukukhutshwa kwefesti ngentloko nge-forceps okanye i-vacuum ayilimazi i-vertebrae yomlomo kunye nentloko yomntwana, njengoko abantu bacinga. Xa ushiya umkhombe wokuzalwa, ibhanti ye-fetal iyingxenye ebanzi ye-pelvis, oku kuthetha ukuba umntwana ususwe kalula kwi-canal yokuzalwa ngoncedo lomgqirha kunye nodokotela.
Enye yemisebenzi ephambili yokunyanzeliswa ngethuba lokubambisa i-dissection ye-perineum. Iimisipha ze-perineum zomeleleyo, ngamanye amaxesha zikhusela amahlombe abantwana ukuba avele ekukhanyeni, awanamathele. Ngoko ke, ngokubonakala komntwana ukusuka kwidalana yokuzalwa, ukuqhuma kwe-perineum ngoku sasazeka ngokubanzi ukulungiselela inkqubo yokuzalwa.
Enyanisweni, ukungenelela okunjalo kwezokwelapha, okufana nokuchithwa komzimba, kuyenziwa xa kusetshenziselwa ukukhutshwa kwamagqabhagqabha kwaye ngexesha lokukhutshwa komntwana. Ngoko intloko ye-fetus ayinakunobungozi kwaye ilula ukuphuma ngedolophu yokuzalwa. Kwakhona, i-dissection ye-perineal isetyenziswa xa kukho isongelo sokuphuka. Ukuziqhelanisa kubonisa ukuba i-gap nzima kunzima ukuthunga, iphilisa nzima kwaye ide kakhulu kunomthi.
Esinye isizathu esibalulekileyo sokusebenza kokusika i-perineum kukuba iintlobo ze-perineum zixhomekeke kwintlupheko enamandla kunye nokwelula ngexesha lokubeletha ukuba ngelixa elizayo ixabiso labo lingahle linciphise kangangokuthi ngeeminyaka ezinzima iingxaki ezinjenge-prolapse kunye nokuguquka kwezitho zangasese zangaphakathi .
Ngaphambi kokubeleka kwangaphambi kokuzalwa, ukunyanzeliswa kwexesha eliqhelekileyo kusenziwa rhoqo ukuba ungabandakanyi nayiphi na umngcipheko wokulimala kumntwana xa ushiya umkhombe wokuzalwa.
Ukunyango zonke iinkqubo zonyango kwinkqubo yokuzalwa, kubandakanywa nokunyanzeliswa kwabasebenzi ngexesha lobasebenzi, njengendlela yokuququzelela inkqubo yokuzalwa. Oogqirha banqwenela ukukunceda ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza bazalise inkqubo yokuzalwa kwakho, kwaye benze kubekhuselekileyo kunokwenzeka kwintsana.
Ukuzala ngokulula!