Utywala - inxalenye ebaluleke kakhulu kwihlabathi elidala, nokuba ngaba abantu abadala kwaye abanalo utywala, kodwa "ukudla ngokwemveli." Ininzi yethu ayiyikugqala ingilazi yewayini kwinkampani enhle, musa ukunyamezela kwimikhosi yokubhiyozela, sidibana nabahlobo ngokuvuyisa kwaye sibanikeze "isiselo esincinci". Kwaye kuya kuba mnandi, kodwa abantwana basibhekile, bakhula kwaye banokungena kwixesha elibalulekileyo xa bodwa bebona ukunxila kotywala. Ngoko, imiphumo yokusetyenziswa kotywala kwintsholongwane yintloko yengxoxo namhlanje.
Ngaphambi kokuqala kweglasi, abantwana bazibona ngotywala njengento ebalulekileyo yabantu abadala, badibanisa utshwala ngokuzonwabisa, iholide endlwini, ixesha lokukhulula. Kwaye nokuba sithanda okanye akunjalo, ngolunye usuku unyana kunye nentombi baya kuba semeko apho baya kunikwa iglasi kwaye asiyi kuba. Umntwana uya kuziphatha njani kwinkampani apho ulutsha luhlangene luneemfuyo ezinamandla? Ingxoxo malunga neengozi zokutshaya notywala kunye nabantwana zisetyenzisiwe esikolweni, sibaxelela ngendlu efanayo. Kodwa umoya wokuziphatha ngokuphindaphindiweyo, olawulayo kuluntu ngokubhekiselele kotywala, unomhlaba ocebileyo wovavanyo olutsha. Ngobhiya, kodwa kuyazisola ukuvuma, abantwana abaselula baye baba "wena", imihla yokuzalwa, kwaye, ngaphandle kokusela utywala akunikezelwa - abazali bazama. Oogqirha bathi kwakhona kufuneka bathathe abantwana kwizifundo kunye nobutywala obunxilisayo kwiyunithi yonyango kwaye bawasindisa ekufeni ...
Kucacile ukuba imizamo yethu yemfundo ayanele. Mhlawumbi, iimeko "zokutshatyalaliswa kwonyango" nazo ziyafuneka? Mhlawumbi, phakathi kwezinye izinto, abazali bafanele bafundise umntwana osemva ukuba aphuze ekhaya, njengoko bamfundisa ukuba ahlambe izandla, ahlaziye amazinyo aze afunde ngeelwimi? Ziziphi iingcali ezicinga ngale nto? Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kotywala kotywala kubangela ukuhla kwe-phagocytosis - indlela ebalulekileyo yokukhusela umzimba. Kodwa ke i-phagocytes ezonakalisa i-microbes kunye neeseli ezitshintshileyo kwaye zingozi. Kukho uxinzelelo lomsebenzi wokukhusela weiprotheni zegazi, ukwehla kwinani leemymphocytes - amangqamuzana omzimba. Ngenxa yokunciphisa ukukhuseleka, kukho ukubunjwa kwe-infections engapheliyo. Nangona kunjalo, ingozi enkulu yomzimba kukuphuhliswa kwee-antibodies kwiiseli zayo eziqhelekileyo (autoantibodies). Zihlanganiswa kuphela phantsi kwefuthe lotywala. Ngoko, isigulane ngasinye sesibini sibhekene nobukho be-autoantibodies kwisibindi, esinye sesine-ukuya kwiteyile. Kukho inani lezinto ezizimeleyo kwiingxube zeengqondo. Ngenxa yoko, ezinye iiseli zomzimba ziqala ukutshabalalisa abanye.
Ukutshatyalaliswa kwenkqubo yesifo. Ubutywala bubonakalisa ngolu hlobo lweempawu ze-neurological, ezisekelwe kwiintlungu zesifo seentlungu, ukufa kweeseli zesigulane, ukunyuka kwengcinezelo enganyanzelekanga, ukuchithwa kwamathambo. Ukusetyenziswa rhoqo kotywala kubandakanya ukuguga kwasekuqaleni kunye nokukhubazeka.
Ukulindela ubomi kwabo baxhamla ukusela kuyiminyaka eyi-15-20 emfutshane kunomyinge. Izizathu ezibalulekileyo zokufa kwabaxhatshazwa ngotywala ziyimiphumo yengozi kunye nokulimala. Abantu abanxilisayo bafa, ngokomthetho, kungekhona kwisifo sotywala, kodwa kwizifo ezihamba nazo. Ziyakhula malunga nokuhla kwe-immunity, umonakalo kwisibindi, intliziyo, iinqanawa.
"Umsebenzi wasekhaya"
Ngamanye amaxesha abazali abahlakaniphile bavumela umntwana ukuba atshiswe ngenxa yokoyika umlilo, umzekeliso uthi ... Ama-narcologists avumela iindlela ezifanayo zokuthintela ukuthandana nomfana onotywala. Njengomthetho, ukusabela kokuqala kotywala kumntwana uneminyaka engama-12-13 ubudala kwaye umdala kakhulu kunomdla. Iwayini ibonakala ibambileyo, ihlazo; Unokufumana intloko, uhlanza ... Ucinga ukuba unenkohlakalo ukuzama igazi lakho? Ngokuqhelekileyo ugqirha usenza intlungu ukuyeka ukukhula kwesifo esibi. Kule meko, umzali wenza njengogqirha, kwaye ngoko, kunye nomntwana, ukuhlangabezana nokuphendula kwakhe, ngokunyanisekileyo unikezela okukhethayo ngokuziphatha okuchanekileyo, ezama ukulungisa umntwana ngokubhekiselele kotywala ngokubanzi.
Kukho umbono olwahlukileyo - kamva umntu uzama utywala, bhetele kuye. Ngokomzekelo, xa uneminyaka engama-20, xa kuqulunqwa umzimba wonke, isibindi sifinyelele ubungakanani obuqhelekileyo kunye nemisebenzi kakuhle, kwinqanaba lezondlo zikhona i-enzymes ekwahlula utywala. Kwaye ngelixa likhula-hayi-ayikho!
"Ukugonywa" ukusuka kumlutha
Ngoko ke ngabazali bafanele bayenze, njani ukufikelela kwingqondo kunye nemvakalelo yomntwana omdala, ntoni ukuchasisa ukuhanjiswa okufihlakeleyo kwabaqhubi be-winemakers kunye nabaphangi, ubunjani kwiminqweno yolutsha ukuba bazame yonke into entsha, ukuba bavelele iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga? Ibhunga leengcali lilula kwaye lendabuko-lifundisa ngomzekelo wakhe! Kwintsapho apho abazali (okanye utata) basela, iingxoxo zemfundo ziphantse zingabancedi, akukho ithuba lokuba ukhanyiswe ngumntwana, mhlawumbi, uya kuphinda abuyele. Apho kungekho bhotile, apho utywala engekho inxalenye yobomi bemihla ngemihla yentsapho, abantwana bangadinga ukunika ulwazi malunga nemiphumo yobutywala, imeko yokuxhatshazwa, iingcebiso zemihla ngemihla ngaphambi kokuya kwiqela lokuzalwa, apho , kuya kubakho iwayini.
Kodwa umsebenzi ophezulu wabazali uhlukile. Kubalulekile ukwakha indoda eselula, yokuqala, ingcamango yexabiso eliphezulu lempilo, kwaye okwesibini, ukuzithemba okuqhelekileyo. Kwaye ke, kunika ulwazi oluthembekileyo malunga nemiphumo yokusetyenziswa kotywala kwiintsholongwane. Ngokubambisana, oku kuya kumnceda ukuba aziphathe kakuhle kwiinkampani zontanga. Ewe, umdla, umnqweno wokuba ufumane entsha ufana nomntwana. Kodwa, emva kokuzama utywala olufanayo, kufuneka ayeke, kwaye uya kumisa xa ekhulela entsapho ephilileyo, ukuba kukho isimo sengqondo sangaphakathi, ukuba akaxhomekeke kwimibono yabanye, akayikwesaba ukuba "yimvu emnyama" eklasini. "Makhe bacinge ngam nto abayifunayo, makhe ndibe nabahlobo abancinci," umfana onjalo uya kugweba, "kodwa le ndlela yokuphila ayinayo kum!"
Eyona ndlela efanelekileyo yokusela utywala ekukhuleni, inqabileyo enamandla-inqabileyo enomdla, inokubaluleka, kuya kuba yintsapho enhle. Ngokomzekelo, uhambo lweeveki ezidibeneyo, ukuloba, iiklasi kwi-studio yezemidlalo, kumacandelo ezemidlalo. Kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, ukukholelwa kwendoda eye yaphuhliswa ngexesha leminyaka yobomi kwintsapho kukuba ubomi ngaphandle kwebhotile bunomdla kwaye buzaliswe iziganeko ezimangalisayo.
Iimpawu zobunxila obushushu
Iingcali zithetha ngendlela ekhethekileyo yokusela kubaselula. Njengomthetho, baninzi banxiliswe kwizilingo ezinkulu, baphuze yonke into abayifumanayo, ngaphandle kokushiya kamva. Kubo, indawo engqongileyo ayinandaba, baya kuvula ibhotile naphi na, emnyango, kwibhentshi. Utywala lunokuphazamisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zezinto, kwaye oku kuncinci kokutya okutyhulayo - iilekese ezimbini kwiinkampani.
Ukuba sithetha malunga nokusetyenziswa kotywala, ke abafana ngokwabo bayasitshela ukuba umthamo wabo oqhelekileyo unye nesiqingatha kwiilitha ezimbini. Njenge-snack yebhiya, ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha intlanzi enetyuwa, kwaye le "i-cocktail" inika umthwalo onzima kakhulu kwiintso. Inxalenye enyanzelekileyo yomthendeleko kubaselula kuthetha malunga nabani abanako ukusela; Baqhaqhelana, bazibonela ngamaqhawe namaqhawe. Ukuziphatha kwabo kuthandana - bayakukhumbula ngokuvuya kwabo ukuba bafihlakele kuma-militia nakwabaqeshi bendawo yokungena, indlela abavule ngayo i-lock, ekhuphukela kwisiseko. Kwiingxelo zabantu abadala abaye bajikeleza, bayasabela ngokungcolileyo okanye bawahoye ngokupheleleyo.
Izibalo zokusetyenziswa kotywala phakathi kwabantwana abaselula ziyahluka, kodwa kuyaziwa ukuba ngeminyaka eyi-17 ukuya kwi-86% yabantwana bethu baye bazama utywala. Kwinkalo yembono yamapolisa kunye noogqirha, bawela kwisimo sokuxilisa utywala. Njengoko i-narcologists ithi, ukuxhomekeka kwenziwa ngokuqhelekileyo kwisiqingatha ukuya kwiminyaka emibini okanye emithathu. Okokuqala, abantu abaxhomekeke kumngcipheko wokungazinzi, bengenanto yangaphakathi, bewela phantsi kwefuthe labanye - "wonke umntu waya, ndahamba."
Ukuba, emva kokuphazamisa intsapho, unyana wabuya ekhaya esiphuzayo, uzame ukubamba umsindo kwaye ungamthandi. Ikhefu ngomso "ukuxubusha", makhe alale aze abuyele. Futhi ulungiselele ingxoxo ebalulekileyo, ubeke phambili imfuneko eyisiseko - unyana kufuneka ahambe encoko kunye nomdlavuza we-narcologist osemtsha! Kodwa ukumthusa ngemilinganiselo yokugweba, isitatimende sokunyango lweziyobisi asifanelekanga, kuba ugqirha akagwebi nabani na, kodwa uhlala ekulungele ukunceda.
Ukusela okungekho mfuneko kumntwana osemtsha akukwenzeka, kule minyaka nayiphi na idosi ingaba yingozi. Umntu oselula ngokusemgangathweni unokufumana iimpawu ezinobungqina azizi malunga nalo: unobungozi obunobhala obungabonakaliyo kwi-dystonia ye-vegetative-vascular dystonia. Ngayinye yale miqathango ingaba yimbangela yempendulo ethile kwiselo yotywala. Oku kuchaza ukuba kutheni wonke umntu ebudeni bosuku lokuzalwa wayela, kodwa kwakungalungile omnye ... Okanye ukuba, emva kokusela i-jin-tonic bhotile, umfana wayelahlekelwa ingqondo ngqo kwi trama, apho wayekho ngelo xesha.