Ezi zityalo zityalo zi-epiphytic okanye zi-semi-epiphytic, oko kukuthi zikhula kwezinye izityalo. Ngokuqhelekileyo bakhetha indawo yokuqokelela izityalo ezihlalayo - imithi yemithi okanye isiseko samasebe omthi. Ngokuxhomekeka kwiintlobo okanye iintlobo ezahlukeneyo, iziqu ze-columbine zinokuma, ezinwabuzelayo okanye eziphazamisayo, ungabona nezihlahla ezide ukuya kwi-1 imitha ubude kunye nezityalo zezakhiwo zebhasi. Amaqabunga ekolumbia ayincinci (ukufikelela kwi-4 cm ubude), eqinile, kuxhomekeka kwiintlobo, ngokugqithisileyo okanye ngokugqithisileyo, ngokubhekiselele, oviniweyo okanye obunobumba obunzima. Iintyatyambo ezinempumelelo kakhulu zikholamsi - obomvu, i-orange okanye i-yellow, i-tubular, iqhakaza kwi-axils yamacembe. Iziqhamo zaseColumbia zi-berries ezimhlophe, apho izidalwa ezinjengothuli zikhula.
Kwiiqoqo zegadi zezityalo, i-columbine ikhulile njengezilwanyana ezinqabileyo zityalo. Inokufumaneka ikhulayo ebhodweni okanye njengendlela yokupasa. Kukho iintlobo eziziwayo ezinqabileyo zase-columbia kunye ne-hybrid, zisasazeka ngokubanzi.
Unakekele iKholamsi.
Izityalo zangaphandle ze-columbine zithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa musa ukunyamezela ukukhanya kwelanga, ngoko ke izityalo ezikufutshane neefestile ezisemzantsi kufuneka zifakwe emthunzini. Indawo efanelekileyo yokukhula kwe-columbine iya kuba kufuphi nefestile ukusuka ecaleni lasentshonalanga-mpuma, ekubeni ukusuka kwicala elingasenyakatho isityalo singenako ukukhanya kwelanga kwaye isiqhamo asiyi kuba. Kwakhona, kucetyiswa ukuba ukhanyise izityalo ngezibane ezisekwindla-ebusika.
Iqondo lokushisa elihle ehlobo li malunga nama-degrees angama-25, nangona isityalo sinokunyamezela ukushisa okuphezulu (kufika kuma-degrees angama-30). Ebusika, ukushisa okuphezulu kwikholum malunga nama-degrees ayi-17.
Ukunisela i-columbine kuyimfuneko ukumodareyitha, kungekhona ukugqithisa kunye nokungazalisi, umhlaba womhlaba kufuneka uhlambulule ngokukhawuleza. Gwema ukuthambisa ngamanzi abandayo abandayo. Ebusika, unxiliswe malunga kanye ngeveki, ngelixa ukhangele umxholo womswakama womhlaba.
Isityalo asikhuthazeli umoya omile, ukutshiza rhoqo amanzi ngamanzi abandayo kwindawo yokushisa. Amanzi okupomfa akufanele abe nzima. Kukwacetyiswa ukuba unamanzi amaqabunga esityalo kunye nomlambo ofudumeleyo (unokusukela kwipompo), uze uyomise endaweni emnyama.
Ngokuqhelekileyo ezi ntlobo azidingi ixesha lokuphumla. Kodwa, ukuba ubusika isityalo asinikezwa ngokukhanya okwaneleyo, ke uyeke ukutya, ukunciphisa ukuthambisa nokuhlala egumbini kunye nobushushu be-15-17 degrees, nobusuku phakathi kwama-12 degrees. Oku kuza kubangela ukuba kusetyenziswe iifom ezintsha. Nangona kunjalo, isityalo kufuneka sishiywe kumaqondo atshisayo aphantsi malunga neentsuku ezingama-30, ixesha elifutshane lingaze livelise iziphumo ezifunwayo.
Ngethuba lokukhula okusebenzayo (ukususela ngoMatshi ukuya ngasekuqaleni kukaOktobha), i-columine kufuneka ifakwe rhoqo emva kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwe-14. Ukuba ixesha elisebenzayo lokutsalwa kweentlobo lisekholoni ngexesha lobusika, ukuchumisa kwakhona kuyimfuneko, kodwa kuncinci kaninzi - malunga nanye kwiintsuku ezingama-20.
Ukuze ubuhle obukhulu kunye nobuqaqawuli behlathi, iipotyi ezimbalwa ze-columbine zityalwa kwindawo enye. Kodwa ngokutyala okunye kwe-columbine, ngokukhawuleza ukuba udulo luqala ukukhula, luchitshiweyo. Ngaloo ndlela, amahlumela amatsha aya kukhula kwaye maduze aya kuba yintyatyambo enhle kunye neziqu ezihambayo.
I-Columnia izityalo ezingafuneki ukutshintshwa rhoqo (malunga nanye ngonyaka). Emva kokuba isityalo siphume, sinyulwe kwaye sitshintshelwe kwi-substrate yeentyatyambo. Ewe, ukuba ukuhlanganiswa komxube womhlaba kuya kubandakanya i-humus, i-peat, i-chips ye-cocon, njl. Ngezantsi libeka umgca wamanzi.
Ukuzaliswa kwamaColumns.
Ukuzaliswa kwenzeka ngokucoca okanye ukuhlwayela imbewu. Kodwa bavame ukusasazwa ngamaqhekeza.
Emva kwe-cuttings spring-cuttings cuttings cut cut from faded amahlumela, ukushiya ehlathini kufana namaqabunga 2-3. Kwi-cuttings sebenzisa amahlumela ama-5 centimitha ubude. Kwimbumbi enye, iziqwenga eziliqela zeemakoloni zityalwe kwi-rooting. Ukutshala iinqununu, umxube onamalungu alinganayo ama-humus, isanti kunye nomhlaba weqabunga ulungiselelwe. Ukutyalwa, sebenzisa kwakhona umxube wehlabathi, kwi-1: 2. Ukuqulunqa kufanele kwenzeke kwiqondo lokushisa lama-20 ... ama-degrees angama-24, kunye nokutyilisa okulinganayo. Ukucoca ama-cuttings akufanele kube njalo ukuze amaqabunga amancinane aqale ukubola. Emva kokuqothula, i-colonel ifakwe kwisitya esikhulu. Umxube womhlaba ulungelekile, uvelise umoya kwaye uqulethwe ngentlabathi, i-peat kunye ne-turf, enye inxalenye nganye, kunye neengqayi ezimbini zomhlaba. Ukutshintshela kwizimbiza ezithe xaxa zenziwa xa iingcambu zesityalo zizalisa i-pot full space. Ngokomyinge, oku kwenzeka kwiinyanga ezi-2-3.
Imbewu ihlwayelwe kuphela ngabafuyi, kuba le nkqubo inzima kakhulu kwaye idinga iimeko ezizodwa. Ngoko, umzekelo, ukudala umswakama ofanelekileyo kunye nobushushu obusoloko obufunekayo, uzakufuna ukwakha i-greenhouse ekhethekileyo.
Iingxaki ezikhoyo.
Amagqabi esityalo anokumisa ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo. Ngenxa yokuphakama okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, ngenxa yokushisa okuphantsi, ukuba akukho umoya omanzi omanzi. Amaqabunga aomile ehlobo xa umhlabathi ebhodweni unomile kakhulu.
Amaqabunga aphendubile okanye ahlanganiswe ngamanqaku amdaka, ukuba isityalo sinyelwa ngamanzi apholileyo. Ubushushu bamanzi obufunekayo bokunkcenkceshela ubuncinane ubuncinci bama-20.
Ukuba igumbi apho isityalo somoya omile kakhulu kunye nobushushu obuphezulu, iingcebiso zamagqabi ziya kuqala ukujika kwaye zome.
Ukuba i-columbine iimeko eziphambene nokubunjwa kweefihla (ukushisa komoya ophezulu kakhulu), ngoko ayiyi kuqhakaza. Ngoko, ekuqaleni kwebusika kucetyiswa ukunciphisa izinga lokushisa malunga neenyanga ukuya kwi-12 degrees ngenyanga enye.
Ukuze ugweme amaqabunga aweleyo ukuze amaqabunga angabi mnyama, zama ukutshiza isityalo ngexesha lokucubungula ngokucophelela ukwenzela ukuba amanzi ahla awele phantsi kwiintyatyambo.
Ukunisela okugqithiseleyo kunye namanzi azinzileyo kunokubangela ukubonakala kweentlobo ezahlukahlukeneyo zezifo zefungal nokubola.
Izityalo ze-columine zingonakaliswa yizinambuzane ezifana nee-aphids kunye nezilwanyana.