I-half-epiphytic okanye i-orchids ye-epiphytic ineengcambu zomoya ezinamandla zombala obomvu. Izitshixo ezimileyo, ngokungaxhaswanga kunye neengcambu zomoya zengqimba zingakhula ngokungenamkhawulo ekuphakameni. Amagqabantshintshi afana nesibhande, i-leathery, engaphantsi kwezona zinto ziphantsi. Iintyatyambo ziqholiweyo, zinemibala emihle, zikhulu, zikhula kwi-peduncle ende kwizandla ezivulekileyo, iintyatyambo zingenzeka ngezihlandlo eziliqela ngonyaka. I-Blossom shayela malunga neenyanga ezi-3.
Kwizilwanyana zaseAsia, iintyatyambo, amaqabunga, iingcambu, iziqhamo ezininzi zezilwanyana zisetyenzisiweyo. Ngesifo sesifuba, isifo sofuba, kunye nesimo sengqondo esichukumisayo, iintyatyambo eziye zahluthwa zibe yifumba. Kwiingcambu ze-vanda iqukethe i-alkaloids, esetyenziselwa i-neuralgia kunye ne-rheumatism ngendlela yesicelo, kunye nokunyangwa kwe-depressions kunye ne-bronchitis.
Uninzi lwe-vandas aludingi ukuphumla, ngoko kufuneka lugcinwe ngokufudumala kwamanzi unyaka wonke. I-vand eluhlaza kuphela idinga umxholo owomileyo kunye opholileyo ebusika. Zonke iindidi ze-vandas zi-photophilous, ukuba zifakwa emthunzini, ziya kuqhakaza kakubi.
I-Orchid Vanda kwi-floriculture ithathwa njengento ebaluleke kakhulu kwinkcubeko, exabisekileyo kakhulu ekunqumeni. Esi sityalo sinokuwela lula. Ezi nxu lumano ezihlukeneyo zezi zityalo kunye neenhlobo zeRenanthera, iAscocentrum iyaziwa.
Xa kuthengwa i-orchids, kufuneka kuqondwe ukuba esi sityalo sinqabile kwaye sidinga umoya omanzi, ulawulo oluthile lokunisela kunye nokukhanya okukhanyayo.
Ukunyamekela nokulima kweWanda
I-Wanda idinga ukukhanya okugqithisileyo okukhanyayo, kwaye nangona iyakwazi ukuthwala inani elithile lemibala echanekileyo, nangona kunjalo, emini kufuneka idityaniswe. Ama-orchids afanelekileyo afakwe kwiifestile kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwintshona okanye kwimpuma. Ukuba isityalo sitholakala kwiwindow eseningizimu, kufuneka kube yi-pritenyat ukususela nge-11 ukuya kweye-17 iiyure. Iwindla esemantla ayifanelekanga kuba ayiyi kuba yinto efanelekileyo yokuqhakaza apho. Ngethuba lokuqala kwentwasahlobo, isityalo sineendlela eziqhelekileyo zokukhanya, ngaphandle koko izityalo ziya kutshisa. Kwakhona kufuneka ukuba ufunde ukukhanya okutsha ukuba uthe wathenga isityalo.
Ngethuba lokuqala kwekwindla, isityalo asifuneki ukuba sibe semthunzini (ngaphandle kokuba isityalo siqala ukuphela kwelanga langemini), kuba ngamaxesha atsha izityalo zikhula zikhula kwaye zihluma iintyatyambo.
Ekwindla nasebusika, isityalo kufuneka sikhanyiswe ngezibane zelanga, ezibekwa phezu kwesi sityalo ngo-15-40 cm. Ama-orchids angafakwa kwiibhasikiti zokulenga.
Entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bemini buyi-18-27 ° C kunye ne "" uphawu, ubusuku ngo-17C kunye nomqondiso wokuhlanganisa.
Izityalo zinokunyamezela ukunyuka kweqondo lokufika kwi-35 ° C kuphela phantsi kweemeko zokushushumbisa umoya ophezulu, u-shading kunye nokwanda kwamanzi. Ehlobo, isityalo sidinga umoya omtsha. Ekwindla nasebusika, ukushisa kwelanga eliqhelekileyo ku-20-22 ° C, kwaye ebusuku ubusika obuqhelekileyo ngu-14 ° C. Ukuba ubushushu bemini buhluka kwiqondo lokushisa ebusuku ngo-8-10 degrees, kuya kubangela ukuqhakaza. Ngentwasahlobo kunye nehlobo, amanzi kufuneka aphuze kakhulu, izimpande zenyama phakathi kokunisela kufuneka zome!
Ukuba i-vandas ikhulile kwiitanki okanye iibhasikiti, ke ukutyiliswa kuqhutywa ngokubeka zonke iingcambu kumanzi, okanye ngokuhambisa ngaphantsi kwesitya (cwina iingcambu 1-2 iiyure). Ukuba isityalo sakhula kwi-glassware, ngoko sinokuyityiliswa kule mikhumbi efanayo, ngenxa yoko le nqanawa izele ngamanzi ade amanzi agubungele zonke iingcambu aze ashiye iiyure ezimbalwa. Emva kwexesha elithile, amanzi apheliswe ngokupheleleyo. Amanzi isityalo kunye namanzi kwiqondo lokushisa okanye ushushu. Amatholezeli abasebenzisi asebenziselwa ukuthambisa, njengoko atyhula umxholo weetyuwa. Amanzi angcono ngamanzi emvula, amanzi okupompoza, amanzi ngamanani amancinci.
Ubumanzi bomhla kufuneka bube malunga nama-60%, ngobusuku kubalulekile ukuba umswakama uphakeme kwi-80%. Ubuncipheko bunokwandiswa xa ibhodlela ngesityalo isetyenziswe kwisitya, apho kukho udongwe olumanzi okanye i-peat. Kodwa qiniseka ukuba amanzi ahlanganisani nebhodi. Ngentsasa, u-Wanda ukhetha ukutshiza.
Olu hlobo lwe-orchid ludinga i-fertilizer engaphezulu, ngoko entwasahlobo-ngexesha lehlobo, londla isityalo kabini ngenyanga (ukuchumisa - 0, 001% isisombululo sesichumisi esipheleleyo se-mineral). Ngengqolowa enganeleyo, i-vanda ayiyiqhakaze ngokupheleleyo. Umanyolo ogqithiseleyo ukhokelela ekubeni isityalo sitshatyalaliswa, isiqalo siyaba lula, kwaye sinokugoba. Izitshalo ezindala ezomileyo zihlaziywa ngoncedo lwezicucu ze-apical ezithwala iingcambu zomoya.
I-Wanda i-orchid, ephakamileyo ekhutshwe kwiipottiki zeplastiki, okanye kwiibhokisi zebhokisi zeenkuni ezinemihlathi eminingi ye-aeration.
I-vanda iyasakazwa ngokuhlukana kweentsundu zomtsalane, okanye yonke into ephezulu yesityalo esidala. Kwaye ke inxalenye engezantsi kwi-axils yamaqabunga, ephantsi kwezantsi, iqalisa ukwenza izityalo ezintsha kwiintyo. Ukubaleka kunqunywe kuma-50% ubude bayo, kwaye ukusikwa kukufafazwe ngamatye ahlambulukileyo. Izicucu zentsundu zifakwa kwisanti enomanzi. Kubalulekile ukuba isanti ayimise. Emva kweveki ezi-2, le nkqubo inokutyalelwa kwiipateni ezixutywe kakuhle, kwiibhasikiti.
Indlela yokuvelisa ikamelo yenkcubeko yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu, kuba ngokwemvelo imbewu yeli sityalo ikhula ngoncedo lwe-symbiosis ne-mycorrhizal fungus.