Ukususela ekusebenziseni ukulimaza - isinyathelo esinye
Kuze kubekho i-20 leminyaka, izifo ezithathelwanayo ziyimbangela ebangela ukufa. Namhlanje kunzima ukucinga ukuba umkhuhlane oqhelekileyo wakwazi ukubulala izigidi zabantu. Nangona kunjalo, oku kunjalo: into ebizwa ngokuba yi "Spaniard" ka-1918-1919 yabulala, ngokweendlela eziqikelelweyo, abantu abayi-50-100 yezigidi, okanye i-2.7-5.3% yabemi behlabathi. Emva koko, malunga nabantu abayi-550 yezigidi bafumana isifo-29.5% yabemi behlabathi. Ukususela kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo zeMfazwe Yehlabathi yokuqala, iSpaniard yagqithisa ngokukhawuleza inani lexhoba eli likhulu lokuchitha igazi ngelo xesha. Akumangalisi ukuba kwimbali, uluntu sele lukhangela iindlela zokulwa nama-anti-infectious agents. Utshintsho olunzulu kuloo meko lwaqala ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20, xa i-bacteriologist yesiNgesi u-Alexander Fleming ifumene i-antibiotic penicillin ngowe-1928. Ekubeni ngo-1944, xa amaqela ase-American research kunye nabakhiqizi bekwazi ukuvelisa umveliso we-penicillin, ukufa kwabantu kwiintsholongwane zezilonda emasimini kwiMfazwe Yehlabathi II yehla kakhulu.Ngaba kulungile kuphela?
Ngokungathandabuzekiyo, ngokuveliswa kwamachiza omzimba, unyango lwehlabathi lenze isinyathelo esikhulu. Izifo ezininzi, ezazibonwa ngaphambili zingenakuphulukiswa, ziye zadlulela kwixesha elidlulileyo. Kunelungelo lokuthi ekupheleni kwekhulu le-19, izifo ezithathelwanayo zabiza i-45% yesakhiwo sokufa kwabantu bonke. Ngo-1980, eli nani lancitshiswa libe ngu-2% kuphela. Inxaxheba ehamba phambili kwinguqu enkulu kangaka yadlala ngokufunyanwa kwamagciwane.Nangona kunjalo, njengoko naluphi na ugqirha owaziyo, amayeza aphephile kakhulu ayisebenzi. Oku kusebenza kwii-antibiotics ngokupheleleyo. Kwingxenye yesibini yekhulu lemashumi mabini, oogqirha kwihlabathi lonke banika izidakamizwa zeli qela kwizigidi zezigulane, kubandakanywa nabantwana, ngenxa yoko namhlanje uluntu lubhekene nokukhuluphala, isifo sikashukela, ukugula, i-asthma nezinye izifo ezinzulu. Kwavela ukuba ii-antibiotics, ngelixa zichitha ii-microorganisms ezichaphazelayo ezichaphazelayo, zombini ngexesha elifanayo ziyingozi kakhulu kwi-microflora yangaphakathi yangaphakathi yomzimba womntu, kwindawo yokuqala - kwii-microorganisms zamathumbu eziyimfuneko yokugonya okufanelekileyo.
Yintoni eyongela i-dysbiosis?
Ukutshintshwa kwe-intlinal microflora yintsholongwane ngenxa ye-antibiotics, okanye i-dysbiosis, ngokuqhelekileyo ayinakwenzeka ngosuku olunye-kwaye le yingozi enkulu. Bambalwa abanokudibanisa ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuphazamiseka kokugaya ukutya, ukuphazamiseka kwesibonda ngokuthatha iziyobisi zonyango.Ngelo xesha, ukuxilongwa kwe-antiartictic-diarrhea edibeneyo iqinisekisiwe ngonyaka kwi-5-30% yezigulane ezithe zafumana unyango lwe-antibiotic! Uninzi lwazo lukhalaza ngokuphazamiseka okusisigxina okanye okuphindaphindiweyo kwesigxina, esenzeka ngenxa yokuphulwa kwe-metabolism ye-bile acids kunye ne-carbohydrate emathumbu. Oku kungenxa yokuba inani lezinto ezincinci ezifunekayo ukuchithwa ngokufanelekileyo kuyancitshiswa kakhulu emzimbeni. Utshintsho kwindlela yokwakhiwa kwe-microstlora ye-intestinal, kwakhona, ibangela ukungasebenzi kwimisebenzi yeenkqubo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo zomzimba womntu, ngokukodwa isistim somzimba.
Kule meko, umntu othabatha i-antibiotics, ngaphandle kwesizathu esibonakalayo, unezifo ezihlukahlukeneyo: i-atopic dermatitis, i-eczema, i-cystitis ephindaphindiweyo, i-SARS rhoqo, i-autoimmune colitis, ukukhuluphala, i-hyperlipidemia, njl. Ngelishwa, iinzame zokuqeda ukubonakaliswa kwezi zifo ngaphandle kokuchaphazela imbangela - emathunjini e-intestinal dysbiosis - ayifaki isiphumo esizinzileyo esigxina. Kwaye ngo-1993 isazi senzululwazi waseFransi J. Pulvertye senze isifundo esasibonakaliswe: ukusetyenziswa kwee-antibiotiki kwiminyaka emibili yokuqala yobomi bomntu, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni umphumo wezinye iimeko, kwandisa iziganeko ze-asthma, i-atopic dermatitis kunye ne-eczema ngamaxesha angama-4-6!
Ngaba ingozi nje?
Yintoni enokuyenza kwimeko apho unyango lwe-antibiotics luyimfuneko ebomini? Impendulo ibonakala iyabonakala: kubalulekile ukunciphisa impembelelo engalunganga ye-antibiotic kwi microflora yangaphakathi yomzimba. Ngokumalunga nephakathi kwekhulu lemashumi mabini, izazinzulu kumazwe ahlukeneyo zaqala ukukhangela izinto ezinokuthi "zihlambulule" umzimba wethu xa zithatha amayeza. Ngo-1954, ngokokuqala ngqa, igama elithi "probiotics" (isiGrike "pro" - ngokuba, kunye ne "bios" - "ubomi") yabonakala kuqala, eyaziwayo njengezilungiselelo ezikhusela i-microflora ekutshatyalaliswa.Namhlanje, kukho izidakamizwa ezininzi ezahlukahlukeneyo, ezinokunciphisa umonakalo obangelwa ngumzimba ngokuthatha amayeza. Ngoko ke, i-polycomponent indlela yokulinganisela i-rioflora ivumela ukukhusela i-tractes tract ngenxa yemeko ephezulu ye-microbiganism: i-bifido-ne-lactobacillus, kwakunye ne-streptococci. Ezi ncinane zezilwanyana eziphilayo zinefuthe lokuzifakela umonakalo ngenxa yokungqinelana kokubunjwa kwe-microflora yamathumbu. Nangona kunjalo, eli lungiselelo lisebenza kuphela kwiziyobisi kunye nenani elichazwe ngokuthe ngqo kwiintlobo / iintlobo zeebhaktheriya, inani leebhaktheriya eziqinisekisiwe ngokuthi "ukusinda" kweebhaktheriya kwinqanaba lomzimba, ukuphumelela, ukhuseleko kunye nobomi obugcinwe. Ngokukhethwa ngokufanelekileyo kweprobiotic kunye nokugcinwa kweengcebiso zogqirha, ulwaphulo lwe-antibiotics luya kunciphisa isifo esithathelwanayo ngaphandle kokushiya "izikhumbuzo" ezingathandekiyo kokubili nakwixesha elizayo elikude.