Ukuqala kwiminyaka engama-30, ukutyelela kwindoda ye-mammologist kumfazi kufuneka kuqinisekiswe. Ukutyelelwa kwingcali kufuneka kwenziwe kanye ngonyaka. Ekhaya, umfazi kufuneka ahlole rhoqo amabele akhe. Kungcono ukwenza oku kuhlamba, kusasa okanye kusihlwa. Hlaba umkhonto ukuze iminwe yehle. Emva koko pha kamisa isandla esinye uphonsa emva kwentloko, iminwe yesinye isandla ukusuka kumacala onke ukuva isifuba, ngoko uhlolisise okwesibini kwisitywina. I-bust inomdla kakhulu olwahlukileyo.
Ukhulelwe okanye akakhulelwe
Eli lixesha elikhulayo lokuzalana. Unemisebenzi emibini eyintloko - ukukhulelwa nokukhulelwa. Ukukhulelwa kufuneka kucwangciswe kwaye kulungiselelwe ngokucophelela. Ukuba phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6-8 kunye nobomi obuqhelekileyo ngokwesondo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa nayiphi na indlela yokukhusela, umfazi akakhulelwa, kuyimfuneko ukuba enze uphando kwaye afune izizathu. Uphando olwenziwe ngumfazi ovela kwi-gynecologist kunye ne-mammologist lunokubangela izizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo.
Ukutyelela ngokuqhelekileyo kwi- gynecologist ngeli xesha kubandakanya: ukuhlolwa kwe-gynecological, ukuthatha i-smear kwisilinganiso sokuhlanzeka kwezinto zobunini, i-ultrasound yeenxalenye zeplavic kunye novavanyo lwe-PAP (uvavanyo lwe-cytological of the cervix ukukhuphela inkqubo ye-oncology). Ukuba iziphumo zeemvavanyo zinokusola ukuba usulelo, i-agent yalo yokubangela isongezelelo. Uphawu losuleleko lunokuba ngumkhalazo wesifazane malunga nokukhutshwa kwexesha elide lombala ongenawo uchaphaza, iphunga, okubangela ukukhupha kunye nokucaphuka. Kule meko, kufuneka uhambe kuzo zonke iimviwo eziyimfuneko yowesifazane ovela kwi-gynecologist kunye ne-mammologist.
Kwiminyaka emi-1.5-2, kunconywa ukuba kuhlolwe ukuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yeengqungquthela zamathambo. I-Mammography ngeli xesha lenziwa kuphela xa utshintsho lwezinto ezinzulu lufunyanwa. Injongo yesibini ebalulekileyo yabasetyhini kule minyaka ukuphepha ukukhulelwa okungafunekiyo. Xa ukhetha indlela yokukhulelwa, inzuzo inikwe i-hormonal okanye i-barrier agents. Umbono ogqirha owaziyo iimpawu zempilo yakho, kufuneka uqwalaselwe ngexesha leemviwo zowesifazane ovela kwi-gynecologist kunye ne-mammologist.
Xa usebenzisa i-contraceptive ye-hormone, ibhinqa kufuneka livakashele umjozi wesifo somzimba ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Yaye yenza iV3H, thabatha i-smear kwi-flora kunye novavanyo lwe-PAP.
Ukukhulelwa kwengxaki
Eli lixesha elinzima kakhulu kwaye libalulekileyo ebomini bhinqa. Ngokutsho kwedatha yakutshanje, iminyaka yobudala bokuzala i-4 9 iminyaka. Ngako oko, imisebenzi ephambili kweli nqanaba yindlela yokukhulelwa, ukukhulelwa kancinci okanye unyango lwezifo zesifo somzimba.
Ukuba ukukhulelwa kucetywayo, kufuneka ulungelelaniso olufanelekileyo: ukongeza kwi-test gynecological, qhagamshelana ne-geneticist.
Ungasebenzisa, emva kokubonisana nodokotela wakho, ukukhulelwa kwe-hormone ye-microdose, iindlela zokukhawulela, okanye (ngokungaqhelekanga) ukukhulelwa kwe-intramuscular.
Ukukhulelwa kwe-hormone kunikwa ngokuqaphela okukhulu, kuba kule minyaka inomngcipheko omkhulu weengxaki ze-thrombotic ezivela kwinkqubo ye-cardiovascular system, eyona nto ngenxa yokuphela komsebenzi we-ovarian. Ukususela kwiminyaka engama-40 ukuya ku-47, amabhinqa aseYurophu anethuba le-foremenopausal, lihlala eliphakathi kweminyaka emine. Kukho utshintsho, zombini umjikelezo wesisimo ngokwawo, kunye nobude kunye nobuninzi begazi.
Qaphela
Kulo xesha le mngcipheko wezifo zonyango zanda: i-endometriosis, i-myteras ye-uterine, iinkqubo ze-hyperplastic (utshintsho kwi-membrane ye-uterus).
Ibhinqa mayihambe ubuncinane kanye emva kweenyanga ezi-8. Uviwo luquka i-ultrasound yeenxalenye zeplavic, uvavanyo lwezinto zokugula, ukuhlolwa kwe-PAP.
Kunconywa ukuba uhlolisise i-radiographic of the glands (mammography) kanye emva kweminyaka eyi-1.5-2.
Ngokukhethekileyo ukubeka esweni isifuba akufanele sibelethe amabhinqa kwaye siqhube iindlela zokuhlola umfazi ovela kwintlobo yesifo somzimba kunye ne-mammologist. Ngeli xesha, umfazi kufuneka ahlawule ingqalelo ngokukhethekileyo kuye, kwisisindo sakhe, ekudleni. Njengomngcipheko wokuphuhlisa isibalo sezifo ezingenasiphelo - i-cardiac and vegetative-vascular, ukukhuluphala - kwanda. Ibhinqa ifuna ukuhlaziya ukutya - kufuneka iyancitshiswe yiyesithathu okanye isiqingatha xa kuthelekiswa nomthamo owadliwayo kwiminyaka engama-20. Ukukhethwa kunikwa imifuno, izithelo, intlanzi, ivenkile zaselwandle - imithombo yamaprotheni kunye nefiber. Ukusebenza rhoqo kunye nokulala kubalulekile ubuncinane kwiiyure eziyi-8.
Kubuphi ubudala - oku kubaluleke kakhulu - ibrasi kufuneka ibe sisigxina sobunzima bayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba "yifake" isifuba sincinci. Ngaphandle koko, kwiminyaka emininzi yokukhathazeka okulula kukho izibonakaliso, ukungazinzi. Ibhutshana kufuneka ilinakekelwe. Nsuku zonke kufuneka uwathulule ngamanzi apholileyo okanye usule ithawula ehlanjululwe ngamanzi abandayo. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa izixhobo ezilungileyo zebele, kuthengwa kwikhemisi. Yaye ngokuqinisekileyo yenza i-gymnastics ezinobungqingili obukhanyayo, ukwenzela ukuba izihlunu zogqabha zihamba kakuhle.
Gwema i Syndrome
Le minyaka elinesibini ebomini yowesifazane-ixesha lokumisa phambili kwexesha (ixesha ukusuka ekuhlaleni kokuqala kumsebenzi wama-ovari ukuya ekuphelelweni kokuphela kwesimo), ukuphuma kwimizi kunye nokuqala kwexesha lokuhamba emva kwexesha (ukusuka ekugqibeleni kokugqibela ukuya ekupheleni kwama-ovari, kufikelela kwiminyaka eyi-8). I-ecmacteric syndrome ehamba neenguqu zemizimba ikhula kwininzi (malunga ne-80%) yabasetyhini. Ubonakalisa ukuphulwa kwenkqubo ye-vegetative-vascular system, kwiinguqu zengqondo zengqondo. Izifo ezithintekayo ziyakhula: i-osteoporosis, izifo zesifo se-orogenital, i-pathologies ye-cardiovascular.
Ngeli thuba, kubalulekile ukubonisana kuphela nomdla wegazi kunye ne-mammologist, kodwa kunye ne-endocrinologist, i-cardiologist, i-phlebologist, njl. Nge-symacteric syndrome yefom elula, ukutya okunomdla kunye nokuzivocavoca kuncediswa yi-phyto-estrogens.
Ngomyinge ophezulu kunye ne-climacteric, i-hormone yonyango yokuguqula (HRT) imiselwe. Injongo yalo - ukuzalisa umsebenzi we-hormones wama-ovari kumabhinqa anesifo se-hormone yesini. Ukuqeshwa kunokwenzeka kuphela emva kokuvavanywa ngokugqithisileyo kwe-gynecologist-endocrinologist.
Ixesha le- HRT yesicelo alikho ngaphezu kweminyaka emi-5. Kule meko, kuyimfuneko ukuqhuba uvavanyo oluzimeleyo lweenzuzo kunye nomngcipheko we-SIC kwimeko nganye.
I-gynecologist ichaza uvavanyo olubandakanya ukuhlolwa kwegazi, uhlalutyo lwezinto ezinokwenziwa kwegazi kunye ne-lipid spectrum yegazi, i-ultrasound yeenxalenye zeplavic kunye nesisu esiswini, kunye ne-osteodensitometry (uphando loxinzelelo lweethambo, isakhiwo). Kumama emva kweminyaka engama-50 kufuneka ahambe ngokuqhelekileyo njengoko kuchazwe ngumgulane wezilwanyana.