Kwinqaku elithi "Ukukhulelwa komntwana kwimihla yokuqala" uya kufumana ulwazi oluncedo kakhulu kuwe.
Uvavanyo lokukhulelwa
Ngokuqhelekileyo isibonakaliso sokuqala sokukhulelwa kukulibazisa kwimihla. Kwimeko yokulibaziseka, umfazi udla ngokuvavanya ukukhulelwa. Olu vavanyo luchaza ubukho kumchamo wehomoni ethile - i-chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), eqala ukuphuhliswa kungekudala emva kokumiselwa kwembungu. Nangona ubukhulu bolu vavanyo buphezulu kakhulu, ukukhulelwa kufuneka kuqinisekiswe ngugqirha. Emva kokuba ukhulelwe, ugqirha uya kuthumela lo mfazi kwintetho yabesifazane.
Ukunakekelwa kokubeleka
Yonke imisebenzi yokulawula ukukhulelwa yenziwa ngokubambisana nokuthintana kwabasetyhini kunye nokuthatha inxaxheba komdlavuza-gynecologist, umbelethisi, kwaye, ukuba kuyimfuneko, ezinye iingcali. Umgangatho odibeneyo wokubonelela ngononophelo lwangaphambi kokubeleka luye lwaphuhliswa, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, lungahluka kwiinkcukacha kwiintetho ezahlukeneyo zabasetyhini. Uluhlu lweemviwo luxhomekeke kwimbali yowesifazane okhulelweyo, izifo ezithintekayo kunye nezifiso zesigulane.
Iinjongo zokunyamekela kokubeletha:
• ukuxilongwa kwangaphambili kokukhulelwa;
• ukuchonga izinto ezinobungozi kumama nomntwana;
• ukuchongwa kwanoma yiyiphi impazamo;
• ukukhusela kunye nokunyangwa kweemeko zesifo, ukuzimisela kwinqanaba lomngcipheko kunye nokubonelelwa kwinqanaba elifanelekileyo lokunakekelwa kwabantwana.
Ukufundisa umama ozayo
Ukwenza ukukhulelwa kuthetha ukubonelela umama ozayo ngolwazi olunzulu malunga nenkqubo yokukhulelwa, isimo sempilo yakhe kunye nomntwana. Owesifazane okhulelwe unethuba lokubuza imibuzo malunga nokuhlolwa kweemvavanyo, indawo kunye nendlela yokunikezelwa kweendlela zokwenza izilwanyana zesondlo. Inkqubo yokukhulelwa igcinwe ngokucophelela kwiinyanga ezili-9. Inani leemvavanyo zenziwa, ezibandakanya:
• Ukuhlolwa kwempilo ukuchonga nayiphi na ingxaki zempilo kumfazi okhulelwe, kunye neempembelelo zomlomo wesibeleko kunye ne-pelvic. Qaphela kwakhona isikhundla kunye nophuhliso lomntwana;
• Ukubeka ingcinezelo yengcinezelo yegazi - ukwanda kwengcinezelo yegazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kunokuthetha ngokuphuhliswa kwe-pre-eclampsia;
• isisindo - inzuzo kwisisindo esinye sesalathisi seburhulumenteni kunye nomntwana.
• ukuskena kwe-ultrasound ukuqinisekisa ixesha lokuzalwa, ubungakanani bomntwana okanye isityalo ngokukhulelwa okubanzi;
• ukuhlolwa kwegazi ukufumanisa i-anemicia;
• Ukumisela uhlobo lwegazi, kuquka i-Rh factor. Ukuba unina unalo i-Rh-negative group group, ukungahambelani negazi lomntwana kungenzeka;
• Ukuhlalutya izifo ezithathelwana ngocansi (STIs), ezinokuchaphazela kakhulu umntwana;
• uhlalutyo lomchamo lomxholo weshukela (isifo sikashukela) kunye neprotheni (ukusuleleka okanye u-preeclampsia);
• Ukuhlolwa kweentlungu zomntwana zomntwana (i-ultrasound, i-amniocentesis, i-chorionic villus sampling, ukulinganisa kobunzima bommandla we-collar fetal kunye nokuhlalutya kwegazi lomama).
Nangona kaninzi ukukhulelwa kuqhelekileyo, ngamanye amaxesha kunokwenzeka ukuphuhlisa iingxaki, ezibandakanya ngakumbi:
• Usizi
Phantse i-15% yokukhulelwa konke iphelile ekukhiphe isisu; Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwenzeka phakathi kweeveki ze-4 kunye ne-12 zokukhulelwa (yokuqala ye-trimester). Ukutshatyalaliswa komtshato kuyilingo olunzima kubo bobabini abalingani. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuze kulungelelaniswe nokulahlekelwa ngumntwana ongakazalwa, uncedo lwe-psychologist luyimfuneko.
• Ukukhulelwa kwe-Ectopic
Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho inkxalabo yokusongela ubomi, njengento yokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic, apho iqanda elitsalisiweyo lifakwe ngaphandle kwesibeleko. Xa kungabikho unyango ophuculweyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo, kunokwenzeka ukuvelisa ukuphuma kwamanzi kwangaphakathi kunye nosongelo kubomi bowesifazane.
• Ukuhlamba
Ukuhlamba kungabonwa kwiimeko ezibizwa ngokuba yi-placenta previa (iphantsi kakhulu). Kule meko, ngokuqhelekileyo kubakho ukuphazamiseka kwamaplacenti kwindonga ye-uterine ekukhulelweni kwexesha elide.
• Ukunikezelwa kwangaphambili
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukukhulelwa kuqhubeka malunga neeveki ezingama-40 ukususela kumhla wokuqala wesithanga sokugqibela. Ngamanye amaxesha umsebenzi wezentsebenzo uqala ixesha elide phambi kwexesha lokuhanjiswa elindelekileyo Ukuba ukubeletha kwangaphambi kwexesha kwenzeka kuphela kwiiveki ezimbalwa ngaphambi kweshedyuli, umntwana ngokuqhelekileyo ulungelelanisa kwaye akhule ngokuqhelekileyo kamva. Impumelelo kwenzululwazi yezokwelapha ngoku avumela abantwana abazalelwe ngexesha lokunyuka kwamaviki angama-25 ukuya ku-26 ukuya kuhamba.
• Inkcazo yepelvic
Kwezinye iimeko, i-fetus inesimo esivumelwaneni apho umlenze we-pelvic we-fetus ujongene ne-pelvis endaweni yentloko. Kukho ezinye iintlobo zesimo esingenasifo se-fetus, esinokusebenza njengesiseko sokuhanjiswa kwecandelo.
• Ukukhulelwa okuninzi
Ukunyameka kokukhulelwa okubanzi kunokudibana neengxaki ezinzulu. Ukubeleka kubakho rhoqo kumaxesha adlulileyo kwaye kufuna umzamo omkhulu kumama.