Ngoko, uceba ukukhulelwa. "Nantsi apha i-rhesus-conflict? "- ucela. Abasetyhini, njengomgaqo, bafunde malunga nokukhulelwa. Ekubonisaneni kwabaseTyhini, benza uvavanyo oluchanekileyo lwegazi, fumana iqela kunye ne-R-accessory ngaphambili. Olu cwaningo luyimfuneko ukukhuphela okanye ukuthintela ithuba lokuphuhlisa inkqubo ye-pathological, ekubhekiswe kuyo kwincwadi yezokwelapha njenge-Rh-conflict.
Ama-85% abantu abesebomvu amaseli-i-erythrocytes aqukethe i-progen antigen, ibizwa ngokuba yi-Rh factor. Kule 85% i-Rh, ngokulandelanayo, iyanceda. I-15% eseleyo yeprotheyini kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi ayilahlekanga kwaye, ekuqaliseni iqela labo legazi, uncedisi webhoratri uza kufaka i-rhesus.
I-Rhesus-mpikiswano eyaziwayo iyaqala ukudibanisa "ukudibanisa" kunye "nokunciphisa" kwinkqubo evaliweyo yomzimba womntu. Ngokomzekelo, xa umntu onegazi "elihle" ethululela into engalunganga. Okanye xa ibhinqa elinesibonakaliso sokuthwala lithwala i-fetus, egazini apho kukho i-Rh factor. Kuphela kwi-physics, kunye kunye nokutsalana, kwimizimba yobunzima babecala. Le meko ikhula ngokungalunganga.
Kanye egazini lelokhu ekhulelwe ifumana iibomvu zegazi ezibomvu ze-fetus equlethe i-Rh factor, amangqamuzana ayo omzimba achaza ukuba ahlasela amaqela angaphandle. Umzimba uthumela i-alamu kwaye uqala ukuhlakulela ngokutsha ukukhusela amachiza okukhusela. Ukubeka nje, isimiso somzimba sogonywa ngumama sonakalisa ilungu legazi elibomvu, eliqulethe i-rhesus engaziwayo. Iimbumba ze-hematopoietic ze-fetus ziyasebenza kwaye ukuze zizalise inani leeseli ezibomvu zegazi, ziqala ukuzivelisa nge-redoubled force. Oku kuquka ukwanda kwinqanaba lezinto ezibizwa ngokuthi yi-bilirubin. Ngokugqithiseleyo, ingqondo yengane ezayo iyakhathazeka. Isibindi kunye nesipen, esebenza kwimiqathango yokunyuka komthwalo, ekugqibeleni, ayikwazi ukuhlangabezana ... I-fetus ayinakho i-oxygen. Kwiimeko ezinzima kakhulu, akunakuphila.
Kwaye emva kokuzalwa, aba bantwana bahlakulela isifo se-hemolytic yintsana. Ukuxilongwa kukudanisa, kodwa kunokuphetshwa xa kuthathwa amanyathelo okukhusela ngexesha. Ukuqala kubalulekile ngokunyamekela rhoqo kwiingcali.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuba ibhaliswe kwiintetho zebhinqa, ngamnye umfazi okhulelweyo ufumana izikhombisi ezimbini kwigumbi lokunyanga ukujonga uhlobo lwegazi ne-Rh factor. Ekubini, kuba uhlalutyo lwesibini lufanele kudlule uyise womntwana. Oku kuya kunceda ukuqikelela ukuhlukahluka kokukhulelwa. Ukuba ngaba bobabini abazali banalo i-rhesus efanayo (kungakhathaliseki ukuba ilungile okanye ayibiyo), ayiyi kuba yingxaki.
Kwimeko apho indoda ine-rhesus engalunganga kunye nomfazi wayo, kukho ithuba eliphezulu (75%) lophuhliso lwe-Rh-conflict. Kuyenzeka xa umntwana ezuza iR Rh uyise.
Nangona kunjalo, akuyimfuneko ukuqonda abazali abahlukahlukeneyo be-rhesus njengesigwebo ngesigwebo "sokungabantwana." Kunikezelwa ukuba ukukhulelwa kwangoku kubokuqala (kwakungabikho ukukhipha isisu kunye nokulahleka kwamathambo), amathuba okuba loo mbini ayimbi. Kungenxa yokuba ngexesha lokukhulelwa kokuqala, izixhobo zokukhulelwa ziveliswa ngexabiso elincinci kwaye azichaphazeli umntwana.
Ukuqulunqa ukuveliswa kwamagciwane anesifo segazi lomntwana ozayo oye wangena kwinkqubo yokujikeleza komama ngokusebenzisa i-placenta eyonakalisiweyo okanye enesifo. Inkqubo efanayo iya kwenzeka ngexesha lokubeletha, ukukhulelwa kwesisu nokukhupha isisu.
Ngoko ke, egazini lomfazi osele sele ekhulelwe i-rhesus-ukukhulelwa, kukho okubizwa ngokuthi "iistim cell". Ngexesha lokukhulelwa okulandelayo, basabela kwiiseli ezibomvu ze-Rh-fetus fetus ngokuveliswa kwemveliso yamachiza okulimaza.
Kungenxa yoko oomama abazayo abawela kwiqela elijongene nobungozi kufuneka babe phantsi kweliso lokunyamekela kwe-gynecologist. Ngexesha lokukhulelwa okupheleleyo, kuya kufuneka uthathe uhlalutyo olukhethekileyo olwenza ukuba kubekho ama-antibodies egazini. Ukufikelela kwiiveki ezingama-32 - kanye ngenyanga, kwithuba elizayo - ngeveki. Ukuba isiphumo sibi kwaye ukukhulelwa kukhula ngokuqhelekileyo, kwiiveki ezingama-28 le ntokazi ibanjelwa i-immunoglobulin engaphiliyo. Oku kuyimfuneko yokuthintela imfuneko, isizaziso siyavuma kwaye sibopha umama "ohlawulekayo" ngokusemthethweni kwi-erythrocytes kumntwana. Ubenza bangabonakali kwi-immune system.
Isiphumo sokuvavanya esiphumelele nge-titer ephezulu yokukhupha i-anti-personal indicator yinkcazo yokubhedleleka ngokukhawuleza kwindoda ekhulelwe.
Kwiziko eliza kuzalwa, iingcali ziya kubeka iliso kwinqanaba le-antibodies. Yaye i-ultrasound in dynamics izakuvumela ukuba uqaphele utshintsho oluncinane kwizitho zangaphakathi zomntwana.
Ngokuqhelekileyo phantsi kokulawulwa okunjalo ukukhulelwa kungaziswa kumhla ofunwayo. Icandelo elilandelayo liqendu lalo.
Ngomhla wesithathu emva kokuzalwa komntwana onenkxaso ye-Rh, iqela liboniswa ukulawulwa kwe-immunoglobulin. Uya kudlala indima ekukhulelweni okulandelayo, ekuthintela uphuhliso lwe-Rh-conflict.
Ukuba ukukhulelwa kokuqala kwakungapheli, kwaye emva kokuzalwa kwakho unikwe izidakamizwa ezifanelekileyo, mhlawumbi ukuzalwa komntwana wesibini akuyi kubangela ubunzima obukhulu. Ubunokwenzeka bokuphuhlisa i-Rh-10-15% kuphela.
Kukho nawuphi na, akukho nxamnye nokukhulelwa. Kulula nje, imeko iya kufuna ukunyamekela ngokugqithiseleyo iingcali kunye neyona ndlela enoxanduva lokuphunyezwa kweziphakamiso zabo. Njengoko ubona, izicwangciso kunye neNkathazo yeRhesus ayisoloko ihambelana.