Ukukhulelwa akusona nje ixesha elivuyisayo, xa umama okhuselekileyo elindele ukuzalwa kweemvumba ezinde. Ukongezelela kokulindela okuvuyayo, eli xesha lidla ngokuzaliswa zizixhala kunye nexhala, kuba wonke umama ufuna umntwana wakhe azalwe enempilo kwaye akhathazeke kakhulu ukuba iingxaki ziqala ngokukhawuleza. Enye yeziganeko ezingamangalisi ngexesha lokukhulelwa kungaba yiindaba zokulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana.
Njengoko unokuqiqa ngegama ngokwalo, le ngxaki ingenxa yokuguga kwimeko yokukhula komntwana, osesiswini. Phakathi koogqirha, ezi ziintsana ngamanye amaxesha zibizwa ngokuba "zincinci". Ngokuqhelekileyo, aba bantwana bazalwa ngaphambili kunokuba kubalulekile ngekhosi eqhelekileyo yokukhulelwa. Njengomthetho, ubudala beminyaka yobudala abufikeli iiveki ezingama-36. Kubo bonke abantwana abanokulibaziseka ekuphuculweni kwe-intrauterine, kuphela ama-5-6% azalwayo okwangoku.
Iintlobo kunye nobunzima bokuphuculwa kokukhula komntwana
Ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni kwefubus kunokulingana okanye ukulinganisa. Ngokulibaziseka okulinganayo , ubunzima bomzimba buhambelana nokukhula komntwana. Okokuthi, ukuba kukho ubuncipheko emzimbeni, ngoko-intlangano incinci. Ngamanye amazwi, umntwana ngokubanzi uveliswa ngokuvisisana, nje kuphela ngaphantsi kunokuba kufuneka, ngokwexesha lokukhulelwa komfazi.
Ngokulibaziseka okuphuculweyo kokukhula komntwana kuphuhliswa njengoko kuchazwe kwixesha elikhoyo lokukhulelwa, kodwa kukho ukusilela emzimbeni wakhe. Ngamanye amagama, ngokuqhelekileyo unokukhula kunye nomjikelezo weentloko, kodwa unzima kakhulu kunokuba afanele. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ngokwemigqaliselo yoogqirha, ukukhawuleza kokukhawuleza kwenkqubo yokukhula komntwana kufana kakhulu kuneyodwa.
Ukongezelela kwiindidi, ukuphuculwa kwe-intrauterine yokulinda (HRV) iphinda ihlolwe ngobunzima. Ukuphakama kwinqanaba le-RVRP, yingozi nakwimpilo, kwaye kwezinye iimeko nakubomi bomntwana esizayo.
- I-degree - i-fetus ilibazisekile ekuphuhlisweni kwayo kwiiveki ezimbini
- I-degree ye-II - umntwana ubambezeleka ekuphuhlisweni kwayo kwiveki 3-4
- Isiganga se-III - umntwana ubambezeleka ekuphuhlisweni kweeveki ezingama-4.
Kutheni kukho ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana
Ngokuqinisekileyo, umntwana angalindaza ekuphuhlisweni akulula. Kukho izizathu zento yonke kwaye le meko ayikho into ehlukile. Makhe sicinge ngezona zinto ezibangela ukuphuculwa kwentuthuko yesisu:
- ukuphazamiseka kwemetabolism yomntwana;
- ukutya okubi kakhulu kwabasetyhini;
- Ukutshaya nokusela iziyobisi ezininzi ngokwemali ngexesha lokukhulelwa;
- iimpazamo kwiisethi ze-chromosomes;
- idluliselwa ngumama ngexesha lokukhulelwa, izifo zentsholongwane (ikakhulukazi i-herpes, i-toxoplasmosis kunye ner rubella);
- Umsebenzi ongaqhelekanga we-placenta (ukungeneli okwaneleyo komntwana kunye nezondlo). Ngamanye amaxesha oku kubangelwa yi-gestosis enkulu;
- igalelo elibi lokusingqongileyo (i-ecological poor, levels high of radiation, njl.);
- Ukwamkela okungalawulwayo kwamachiza athile.
Ukuba ukutshaya, ukuthatha utywala kunye namayeza anamandla, kunye neemeko ezingqongileyo, kungabonakali, kuba nawuphi na umama ozayo uya kuqonda ukuba oku kungakhokelela ekuphuculeni okuhlukeneyo ekuphuhlisweni komntwana, ezinye izizathu maziqwalaselwe ngokubanzi.
Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kwe-placenta, kunye noogqirha beentetho, ukungafezeki kwe-fetoplacental ngenye yezizathu eziqhelekileyo ze-ZVRP.Ku oku kudla ngokukwenzekayo kukulibaziseka ngokulinganayo ekuphuhliseni. Ngenxa yokuba i-placenta ayikwazi ukubonelela umntwana ngezondlo ezaneleyo, umntwana akanalo ithuba lokuphuhlisa ngokuqhelekileyo. Ukungakwazi kakuhle kwe-phytoplacental kunokuphuhliswa ngenxa ye-gestosis, kunye nokuphuhliswa kakubi kwetambo. Kwakhona kaninzi oku kwenzeka ngexesha lokukhulelwa okuninzi.
Nangona kunjalo, ngokuqhelekileyo akunakwenzeka ukuseka imbangela ye-ZVRP. Oogqirha banokwenza iingcamango zisekelwe kuhlalutyo oluqhelekileyo lwezikhalazo zabasetyhini. Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka ukuba ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni akubangelwa yinye, kodwa izizathu ezininzi.
Izibonakaliso zokuphuculwa kokukhula komntwana
Ngelishwa, le ntsholongwane ayinayo impawu echazwe ngolu hlobo ukuba umfazi unokukwazi ukuqiniseka ukuba ukhona phambi kwayo. Kufike ngexesha lokuba uqaphele ukuba umntwana akahlali kakuhle, kunokwenzeka kuphela ukutyelela ugqirha rhoqo.
Kubantu ngokuqhelekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuhlangabezana naloo mbono ukuba ukuba ibhinqa ngexesha lokukhulelwa lizuza kakhulu, ngoko isiqhamo siphuculwa ukuphuculwa. Enyanisweni, oku akuyona inyaniso yinyaniso. Kwenzeka ukuba kukho amabhinqa athola ubunzima obuninzi xa ekhulelwe, umntwana usalindezela ekuphuhlisweni. Nangona kukho iimeko ezibucayi, xa umfazi okhulelwe ngokukhawuleza enquma ukulahlekelwa ngamapounds angaphezulu kwaye uya kuhlala kwisondlo esingqongqo. Apha, nayiphi na umntu uya kuqonda ukuba i-futuremama kule meko iyingozi kakhulu kwimpilo yengane engakazalwa.
Umlinganiselo ophezulu wokulibaziseka ngamanye amaxesha unokumiselwa ngolu hlobo kangakanani kwaye rhoqo umntwana uhamba kwisisu. Ukuba ibhinqa liqaphele ukuba umntwana waqala ukuhamba ngokuthe gqolo kwaye ukuzamazama kwawo kwaba buthathaka, ngoko ke kufuneka ngokukhawuleza ubize i-ambulensi kwaye uphando.
Njani uviwo?
Okokuqala ugqirha uhlala ehlola loo mfazi. Ukuba kuphawulwe ukuba ibhinqa lincinci kunokuba ubukhulu obubekwa ngexesha elinikiweyo, ngoko lithumela umama ozayo kwi-ultrasound, kuba kukho inkolelo yokuba umntwana uncinci kunokuba kufanelekile.
Ngexesha le-ultrasound, oyingcali uya kulinganisa ujikelezo lwentloko kunye nesisu somntwana, kwakunye nobude bethanga lakhe. Isisindo esilinganiselweyo somntwana siya kubalwa.
Emva kwe-ultrasound, unina olindelekileyo unokugqithiselwa ukuhlolwa kwe-dopplerometric. Ndiyabulela kuye, oogqirha baya kuba nako ukuvavanya imeko yeempahla zeplascenta kunye nentambo ye-umbilical kwaye banqume ukuba kukho ukungabonakali kwe-bladder. Ekugqibeleni, i-cardiotocography ye-intrauterine fetus iya kwenziwa, ngenxa yokuba oogqirha baya kuba nako ukunquma ukuba yintoni na umntwana okwangoku, kunye nokufumanisa ukuba i-hypoxia ikhoyo.
Indlela yokuphatha ukuphuculwa kwentuthuko yomntwana?
I-IRRT imele iphathwe ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka ukuze inqande ukuba ikhule ibe yizinga elibi. Ithuba elilodwa kuphela ugqirha alinako ukulinda elincinane ngokuthatha amanyathelo ukulibazisa ukuphuhliswa kwefesibhi kwiveki enye, kodwa kungabikho nanye. Kodwa nangona kunjalo, ugqirha unako ukumbona umntwana ngaphandle kweentsuku ezingama-5-7, kwaye ukuba akukho ziphuculo, kufuneka aqalise unyango ngokukhawuleza.
Unyango ngamayeza
Ukuze kupheliswe ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana, ugqirha, njengombandela, ubeka amayeza, isenzo esichazwe yintambo ukuze kuphuculwe ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-placenta. Ukongezelela, ngokuqhelekileyo i-kursitamins icwangciselwe ukuxhasa umama nosana.
Ukunikezelwa kwamandla
Ukutya komfazi okhulelwe kufuneka kulungelelanise ngokupheleleyo. Kwimenyu kufuneka ibe nemifuno, iziqhamo, kunye nemveliso yobisi. Kunconywa ngokukhethekileyo ukuba udle ukutya okuqukethe amaprotheni, njengoko imfuneko yabo iya kwanda kakhulu.
Kukho nawuphi na, ukulibaziseka ekuphuhlisweni komntwana akuyiyo isigwebo kunoma yintoni na. Le ngxaki inokupheliswa ukuba ngexesha lokubuyela kwizinto ezingafanelekanga nokuqhuba unyango olufanelekileyo.