UHelenia ungowesityalo esiqhambileyo esingapheliyo, ukufikelela ubude beemitha ezintathu kwaye kufana nesimo sebhanana. Ii-Helicons ziyaziwa ngamabala emfutshane, ama-rhizomes amakhulu kunye namaqabunga, ngaphezu koko, amaqabunga amaqabunga amaqhina athile afaka ubungqina bobuxoki. Igama lentsapho yezi zityalo lizithetha: amaqabunga e-heliconia afana nokubonakala kwamasamba amabhanana, anokufumana indawo efanayo kunye nobukhulu obukhulu. Ngoko, banokuba nobude obude emitha emithathu, kwaye bubanzi ubude bomitha. Ngenxa yokuba amaqabunga e-heliconia aphuhliswa kwisigxina esingekho sonyango, banesimo esingaqhelekanga. Kodwa ngokungafani namabhanana, amaqabunga e-heliconia ahlelwe ngemigangatho emibini.
Ukongezelela, isityalo sikhula ngokukhawuleza kwaye siqhakazile, ngoko, siqhoqha kamsinya kunyaka wesibini. Oku kwenzeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: isiqalo siqala ukukhula ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kwisiqwenga esakhiwe sisiqu lesinyani, kwaye ngoko-inflorescence ngokwayo iboniswa phezulu. Ukunyuka kwe-heliconia kungabonakala kumgangatho omeleyo, kwaye kungabonakala kunqamle, okanye kudibanise. I-inflorescence ngokwayo iyisiseko apho ikhona kwimigangatho emibini iifom ezifakekileyo ngendlela yokugqithisa, ezibukhali zisuka phezulu, apho i-inflorescence ifom yee-curls. I-inflorescence ye-heliconia ihluke imibala eqaqambileyo, ingaba yelorganti, iluphuzi, ibomvu, i-pinki. Ziyakwazi nokuba nombala omibini, xa, umz., Umzekelo, umgca we-inflorescence uqhathaniswa nombala oyintloko. Ii-helicons ezisezantsi zifaka i-inflorescences ukuya kuma-30 cm ubude kunye nee-sheets ezi-4-5. Izityalo ezide zityalo zifikelela ubude bomitha kunye nesiqingatha. Eminye imithi ye-genus ye-heliconia ithandwa kakhulu kwigadi.
Kubantu base-heliconia kuthiwa "i-claw ye-lobster" kunye ne "flower flower". Eyokuqala ixhomekeke emva kwayo ngenxa yobume be-inflorescence, kwaye okwesibini - ngenxa yombala ogqithisiweyo. Inomdla kukuba imbewu yezinye iintlobo zezityalo ziyakwazi ukutshintsha umbala wazo - zivela kwi-orange ukuya eluhlaza. Kwezinye iinkcazo zezobugcisa zezoTropi zaseMbindi naseMzantsi Melika, umntu unokufumana ukuthelekiswa kwe-heliconia kunye namacwecwe agqitywe ngegazi elixhomekeke phezulu kunye nebala elibomvu.
Olu hlobo lwesityalo ludinga kakhulu, ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukuba uqulethe ii-helicon kwiimeko ezifana nezendalo. Kukulungele ukugcina isityalo kwindawo yokugcina indlu. Ubushushu bomoya egumbini kunye ne-heliconia akufanele kube ngaphantsi kwe-18 ° C, kunye nomswakama ngaphezu kwe-75%.
Ukunyamekelwa kwezityalo
I-Heliconia idinga ukukhanya okugqithisileyo kodwa okukhanyayo nanini na kunyaka, nangona ingaba ilanga ngqo, kodwa ixesha elifutshane. Kungcono ukubeka kwiifestile ezibhekiselele empuma nasentshonalanga. Ukuba isityalo sitholakala kwiifestile ezibheke kwicala elingasentla, kufuneka likhutshwe kwilanga elitshisayo.
Ukushisa okuphezulu kwemoya ye-heliconia ngu-22-26C, ebusika kuyava kakuhle kakhulu kwiqondo lokushisa elisezantsi, kodwa kungezantsi kwe-18C. Ukongezelela, isityalo asiyithandi imirhumo kunye nomoya oqhubekileyo, ngoko ke igumbi kufuneka liphuculise umoya, kodwa ngokufanelekileyo.
Ngentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, isityalo sidinga ukuthambisa okuninzi, kubusika kufuneka kuphuculwe ngaphantsi. Kukho nawuphi na, umhlaba awufanele ume. Amanzi okunkcenkceshela kufuneka ahlaziywe. Ubusika kunye nekwindla kufuneka zihlolwe ngenyameko ukuba inani lamanzi, njengoko kutyhutyha ngeli xesha lonyaka kunokudala ukubola kwenkqubo.
U-Heliconia uthanda umoya omanzi, ngoko ke kuwo wonke umphefumlo walo nawuphi na unyaka wonyaka kufuneka uphefwe kwi-spray ngamanzi amile. I-Heliconium kufuneka ibe kwigumbi elincinci, ukuba igumbi lomoya omile, uze udibanise isityalo kabini ngosuku. Ukongezelela, unokubeka ibhodlela ngesityalo kwi-pallet egcwele i-claydite emanzi, i-moss okanye iiflegi. Qaphela ukuba ibhokhwe ayifumaneki kunye namanzi. Kodwa ke indawo efanelekileyo ye-heliconia yintlanzi okanye i-greenhouse.
Ehlotyeni nasentwasahlobo, ukunakekelwa kwezi zityalo zangaphakathi zinika ukutya kwazo kanye ngenyanga kunye nezichumisi zamaminerali, ekwindla nakwi-helicons zasebusika aziyidingi. Ukongezelela kumachumisi omgquba, ukucoca izityalo zingasetyenziselwa.
Kwakhona, ukunakekelwa kwezityalo ze-helicon kuthatha ukufakelwa kwawo kwonyaka, le nkqubo ayibabi nakweyiphi na indlela. Umhlaba ongcono kakhulu wezondlo ulungele i-heliconia, equkethe umhlaba weqabunga, umhlaba we-turf, i-humus nesihlabathi (iphepha lomhlaba - iingu-2, iindawo eziseleyo kwicandelo elinye). Kubalulekile ukutshala i-helicons kwi-pot ebanzi ngobubanzi kune-eyedluli ye-5 cm. Oku kuyimfuneko ekuphuhlisweni kwenkqubo yeengcambu. Izityalo ezide kufuneka zityalwe kwiibhakabhaksi ezinkulu, ukuya ngasezantsi apho kuyimfuneko ukubeka amanzi.
Ezi zityalo ziphindaphinda ngeendlela ezimbini - ngembewu nangendlela yezetya.
Indlela yokuqala ibandakanya oku kulandelayo: imbewu yeentlobo kufuneka ihlume ngamanzi atshisayo (60-70C). Kungcono ukwenza oku kwi-thermos. Imbewu kufuneka ishiywe kwiintsuku ezingama-2-3, ukuguqula ixesha ngamanzi (amanzi kufuneka afumane ukushisa okufanayo). Imbewu ehlumayo kufuneka ifakwe kumxube welizwe leqabunga, i-humus, i-turf nesihlabathi (1: 1: 2: 0, 5). Ukongezelela, umhlaba olungiselelwe kufuneka udibaniswe kunye ne powderspinin. Ubumbano ngeembewu ezibekwe ngaphantsi kwe-polyethylene kwaye zihlume kwiqondo lokushisa lama-25C nangaphezulu. Iigrisi zingabonakala emva kweenyanga ezi-4, ngaphandle kokuhluma imbewu ye-heliconia engafani.
Indlela yesibini yokuphindaphinda i-heliconia ikhawuleza. Izalathisi ezinemizi kufuneka zifakwe kwi-pot 11 cm ephezulu kwaye zanisela kakhulu. Ukushisa komoya kufuneka kube malunga no-20 ° C. Xa iingcambu ze-heliconia zibopha umhlaba, zitshintshela isityalo zibe yimbiza encinane (15-16 cm). Ukutshintshela i-heliconia, ukwandisa ubungakanani bombhobho.
Ubunzima obunokwenzeka
Ukuba isityalo asixutywanga ngokwaneleyo, amaqabunga ayo aya kuguquka aze awe.
Ukungabikho kwelanga kuya kuchaphazela i-heliconia - umbala wamagqabi uya kulahleka ukukhanya, kwaye amahlumela aya kuba buthathaka kwaye ahlambuluke.
Ingozi kwizityalo ze-genus heliconia mealybug, isikhala, isicirpite kunye ne-whitefly.