Ukuphuhliswa kwengqalelo ngokuzithandela kwizingane zasesikolweni
Ukuphuhliswa kwengqalelo yabantwana kukuphuhliswa kwentlangano yomntwana, ukususela esemncinci ngexesha lokuqala lokuqhagamshelana nabantu kunye nabo. Ukulungelelanisa kule mimandla, imimiselo yabantwana kwaye ivelise ukuziphatha kwentlalo yomntu. Ngexesha leenyanga zokuqala zokuphila, ingqalelo kuphela ingqalelo engabonakaliyo, kuba ivukile. Abantwana basabela kuphela kwizinto zangaphandle. Impendulo iyenzeka xa i-stimuli ishintshile ngokugqithiseleyo (utshintsho lokushisa, isandi esikhulu ngokukhawuleza, njl.)
Kwiinyanga ezintlanu ukuya kwi sixhenxe umntwana sele sele eqwalasela nayiphi na isifundo ixesha elaneleyo elide kwaye lihlolisise ngokuthintela. Oku kusebenza ngokukodwa kwizifundo ezikhanyayo.
Ngomnyaka wokuqala wesibini wobomi, umntwana unomsebenzi ophando-uphando, ozayo ekusebenzeni njengendlela yokuphuhlisa ngokuzithandela.
Abantu abazungezwe ngumntu omncinci, bayalathisa kwaye bayamkhokela ngezikhuthazo ezithile. Ngale ndlela, abantu abadala banikela umntwana ngezo zixhobo eziza kumncedisa ukuba alumkele ukunyamekela kwakhe, okuqala ukuqhubeka ngexesha lokukhulisa intetho. Inkwenkwe yokuqala ilawula ingqalelo yabanye abantu, kwaye ke eyakhe.
Kwiminyaka emine nesiqingatha ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu, abantwana baqondisa ingqalelo phantsi kweempembelelo zabantu abadala. Baqala ukubonisa ingqalelo phantsi kweempembelelo zokuzimela iminyaka emithandathu.
Ingqwalasela yabantwana basenkulumeni kunokuba ihlale ingaqiniseki. Unomlinganiselo onobubele, kuba abantwana abasenayo imizwa yabo. Ngokusebenzisa imizamo yokuzimelela kunye nokuzivocavoca, umntwana uyazimela ngokuzimela.
Umdlalo, usebenza njengomsebenzi oyintloko, uhlala kwindawo ephambili ekuphuhliseni ingqalelo kubantwana basenkulanga. Iiklasi zeMidlalo zihlakulela ukunyamekela kwengqwalasela, ukugxininiswa nokuzinza. Izifundo zeengqondo ze-psychologists zibonise ukuba ixesha lokudlala lomntwana oneminyaka emithandathu ubudala lide kakhulu kunaloo oneminyaka emithathu ubudala. Inokufikelela kwiyure, kwaye kwezinye iimeko nakwezinye.
Ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo kubantwana ibunjwa ngokubaqeqesha kwimisebenzi emitsha. Ukuzinza kwengqwalasela kuqala ukunyuka emva kweminyaka yobudala emithathu kwaye ibonakaliswe kwinqanaba eliphakamileyo elineminyaka eli-6. Le ngenye yezibonakaliso eziphambili "zokulungela iqela".
Ukuphuhliswa kwengqalelo ngokuzithandela phakathi kwabafundi besikolo
Kwixesha lesikolweni, ukuhlula phakathi kwengqalelo engabonakaliyo kunye nabantwana abangabikhoyo kuya kuba yinto engakumbi. Ukuphuhliswa kwengqalelo ngokuzithandela kwamukelwa kwinkqubo yemfundo noqeqesho. Kubaluleke kakhulu kukusekwa kweminqweno yomntwana kunye nokufundisa kwakhe kwinkqubo yokusebenza kwabasebenzi. Inxaxheba ekhethekileyo inikezelwa kwisikolo, apho umntwana edala ukubambezeleka, ukukwazi ukulawula ukuziphatha, nokufunda ukuqeqesha.
Ukuqwalaselwa ngokukhawuleza kwabafundi kudlula kwiinqanaba eziliqela.
Kwiiklasi zokuqala kubantwana baninzi nangona kunjalo ingqalelo engenandaba. Abazi ukuba baphathe ngokupheleleyo ukuziphatha kwabo. Kwiiklasi ezidala, yonke ingqwalasela ifinyelela kwizinga eliphezulu. Abantwana baye baqhuba imisebenzi ethile ngexesha elide, balawula ukuziphatha kwabo. Ukongezelela, ngenxa yokwandiswa kwendandatho yemisebenzi kunye nokunyanzeliswa komsebenzi oqhelanisiweyo, ukukhathalela abantwana ngokuzithandela kuyaqhubeka nokuphuhlisa. I-volume, concentration kunye nokuzinza kwengqwalaselo kwanda xa izinga lokukhula kwengqondo labantwana landa (kwiminyaka eyi-10-12).
Iimviwo zexesha lokubamba ngokuzithandela
Ekuqulunqweni kwengqwalasela engabonakaliyo, amaxesha amathathu ahlukeneyo:
- Impembelelo yotitshala isasazeke kuphela kwiimvakalelo ezilula zomntwana, ezibandakanya: ukungazi kakuhle, ukuziva uloyiko, ukuzama ukuzingca, njl njl.
- Ukuqwalasela kuxhaswa yimvakalelo yezemfundo zasesekondari: ukuzithemba, ukuvakalelwa komsebenzi, ukhuphiswano, njl.
- Ingqalelo igcinwe ngumkhwa. Umntu ongayekanga imfundo akasoze akhula kwixesha lesithathu. Ingqwalasela engabonakaliyo kubantu abanjalo yinto engabonakaliyo kunye nengqungquthela. Ayikwazi ukuba yinto eqhelekileyo.
Yintoni ebangela ukuba kuphuhliswe ingqalelo
Ukuphuhliswa kwengqalelo yokuzithandela kwengane kuququzelelwe ngu:
- Ukuqulunqwa ngokucacileyo kwemisebenzi kunye nokudala umboniso ocacileyo wesiphumo, ukuba ubani omele alwele;
- phuhliso lo kugcina;
- Ukukhuliswa kumntwana wengqondo ejongene nokufunda kunye nomgangatho womsebenzi owenziwayo;
- ukwanda kwenkqubo kwimiqulu, ubude kunye nobunzima beeseshoni zoqeqesho;
- ubunzima bengqesho kufuneka buhambisane nobuchule bomntwana;
- imfundo kumntwana wezinto ezizinzileyo ezizinzileyo.
Ukuphuhliswa kwengqalelo engathandabuzekiyo yomntwana kuhambelana nokuphuhliswa komsebenzi ogcweleyo wengqondo kunye nokuqonda kwengqondo yakhe, intshukumo yakhe kunye nentando yakhe. Ukuphuhlisa ezi mpawu kwiminyaka emininzi. Oku kufuna umzamo omkhulu kunye nomonde.
Izalathisi ezifanelekileyo kunye neengqinisiso zengqalelo zinceda ukwandisa imisebenzi ekhethekileyo kunye nokuzivocavoca. Okugqwesileyo kubo bonke bafunde ngendlela yemidlalo. Kukulungele ukuwachitha nje kuphela ekuqhawuleni ngokukodwa ngexesha elo, kodwa, ngokomzekelo, xa wenza imisebenzi yasekhaya okanye uhamba. Kule meko, abadala kufuneka banomdla kwimpumelelo yomntwana, ngaphandle koko akukho mphumo uza kufezwa. Xa iimeko ezifunekayo zidibeneyo, umntwana unako ukusebenza ngokuphindaphindiweyo ngaphandle kokubakhuthaza, ingqwalasela yakhe iyaqhelana, ivela ngokukhawuleza kwaye ingenangqiqo. Kunye kunye nalo mntwana udala amandla aqhelekileyo okugcina ingqalelo kwizinto ezifunekayo, oko kukuthi, ihlakulela ingqondo.
Yintoni enye echaphazela umgangatho wokunakekelwa ngokuzithandela?
Utshintsho oluthile kumzimba womntwana luyakuchaphazela iimpawu zokuziphatha. Kwiminyaka eyi-13-15, abantwana banokukhawuleza kwaye banokucatshukiswa, ngokuqhelekileyo okukhokelela ekunciphiseni komgangatho wokuqwalaselwa. Isizathu sokuqwalaselwa kakubi kungabonakaliswa kwezempilo, ukungondleki kakuhle okanye ukungabikho kokulala.
Impembelelo enokubaluleka ekuphuhlisweni kwengqwalasela ye-intanethi inikezwa ngemisebenzi yezemidlalo eqhelekileyo. Ukongeza kwinto yokuba ukunyameka komzimba kuqinisa amandla omzimba, kukwabanceda ekuphuhliseni amandla okugxila.
Iipropati zezobhengezo ziyakwazi ukulungiselela ukuphuhliswa kwaye oku kufuneka kwenziwe. Inxaxheba ephambili, eqinisweni, ingeyethu - abadala abazungezwe ngabantwana. Kulungile, khumbula ukuba ngamnye umntwana uhlukile. Inkqubo nganye yokuphuhliswa kwezinto zokuzithandela iyaqhubeka ngendlela yayo, efuna indlela eyodwa.
Ukukhula okunempilo kunye nokunyamekela!