Okokuqala, siya kuzama ukuqonda xa emva kokuzalwa kwimihla yokuya esikhathini. Ukuba sithetha nge-physiology yabasetyhini, umzimba wonke womfazi, ngexesha nangemva kokunikezelwa, uguquka kakhulu. Imvelaphi ye-hormonal ishintshi. Kwixesha eliphumayo, i-pituitary gland yowesifazane (ingqungquthela ejongene nokusebenza ngokuqhelekileyo kwinkqubo ye-endocrine) ifihla i-hormone yeprolactin. Yiyo hormone ebangela ukuba kubonakale ubisi kumfazi. Ngokufanayo, i-prolactin (i-hormone yobisi), ifuthe ukunyuka kokuvuthwa kweqanda, okuyekelela ukuvuthwa, kwaye, ngenxa yoko, nyangazonke.
Kungenxa yesi sizathu, ukubuyisela umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini, kuyimfuneko ukubuyisela imvelaphi yayo ye-hormonal. Ngako oko, ixesha lokuqalisa kokuya esikhathini emva kokubeleka kuxhomekeke, okokuqala, kulawulo kunye nomyalelo wokunyusa umntwana. Le nto yinto efanelekileyo, inyanga nganye ayifanele iqale ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha lokukhwabanisa kumfazi. Ngaphezu koko, kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya ku-30 ​​edlulileyo, ixesha leqela lomfazi laqala emva kweminyaka engama-2-3 emva kokubeletha. Kwakungenxa yokuba kwakungenxa yokufikelela kweli nqanaba ukuba umntwana udluliselwe ekudleni "abadala" ngokugcwele.
Ngokufika kokutya komntwana, kunye nokuqaliswa kokuqala kokutya okuncedisayo, ukusetyenziswa kwemithi yokukhulelwa kwe-hormonal, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweziyobisi ukuxhasa nokukhulelwa ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuxhalaza kwangaphambili kwintsana, zonke ezi zinto zichaphazela ukunciphisa ixesha lokuphuluka kwexesha. Ngaphezu koko, ukufika namhlanje, iingcali ezininzi zithi ukuqala kokuya esikhathini ngaphambi kokuphela kwexesha lokukhwabanisa kuyinto evamile. Kufuneka kwakhona kuqatshelwe ukuba abaninzi abafazi, ngokukodwa xa bebancinane, ngezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo, banqabile ukuba bancelise. Kule meko, umjikelo wenyanga unokubuyiselwa ngaphakathi kwenyanga emva kokuziswa.
Ngaloo ndlela, kunokwenzeka ukufumana ulwalamano olusondeleyo phakathi komyalelo wokunyusa umntwana kunye nokubuyiswa komjikelo wenyanga kwintombazana.
- Ukuba ukutya komntwana kuqulethe ubisi lwebele kuphela, umjikelezo wenyanga kufuneka ungabuyiselwa kuze kube sekupheleni kwexesha lokuhlaselwa ngumama.
- Ukuba ukondla komntwana kuncedisa, oko kukuthi, umntwana uya kuqala ukusebenzisa ubisi lwebele ngobuncinci kwimilinganiselo encinci kunokondla okwenyama, umjikelezo wesini unokubuyiselwa kude kube sekupheleni kwexesha lokuhlaziya.
- Xa ukondla umntwana ekuzalweni, okubandakanya kokutya okunomsoco, kunye nobisi lomama, inyanga nganye kufuneka ibuyiselwe kwinyanga yesithathu emva kokubeleka.
- Kwimeko yokungasondli umntwana kunye nobisi lwebele, inyanga nganye iya kubuyiselwa ngaphakathi kweiveki 10-12 emva kokuziswa.
Kufuneka kwakhona kuthiwa ukubuyiselwa kwemvelaphi ye-hormonal, kwaye ke, umjikelezo wokuya esikhathini akaxhomekeke kwindlela ukuzalwa kwadlula ngayo. Ingaba babenokwenyama okanye babe necandelo lesahara. Ukuqala kokuya esikhathini kuncike kuphela kwindlela umntwana atya ngayo.
Ngokugqithiseleyo, kwiiveki zokuqala emva kokuzalwa, abafazi abasuka kwipatheni lesini sokuzalwa baqala ukuphuma, apho amantombazana amancinci adibanisa nexesha lokuqala lokuphuma kwinyanga, ngoko kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukwazi ukwahlula phakathi kokuya esikhathini nokuphuma emva kokubeleka. I-Postpartum hemorrhage yinto eqhelekileyo, kuba inani legazi emzimbeni womfazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa liba malunga nama-1.5 ngaphezulu. Umzimba wesifa ngokwawo ulungele ukuphuma kwegazi emva kokubeleka.
Ukukhutshwa kwindlela yokulahla isisu ukusuka kwithuba lokuzalwa de kwiiveki ezi-6 ukuya ku-8 ngulo lowa. Into kukuba ngexesha lokuzalwa ukusuka eludongeni lwesisu, i-placenta ihlukanisa. Ngokwemvelo, inkqubo enjengokuhlukana kweplacenta ayidluli ngaphandle kwemiphumo: inxeba enkulu evulekile eludongeni lwesisu, esinika igazi.
Ngethuba leentsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa, ukukhutshwa kwindlela yokuzalwa yamanzi kugazini. Emva koko, i-lochia ithola umbala oyingcwele, kamva, xa inani labo liyancipha, ukugqithisa kuya kuba mhlophe. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngeeveki zokuqala ezi-6 ukuya ku-8 ukusuka kwithuba lokuzalwa, kukho ukukhutshwa kwindlela yokuzalwa, qaphela ukuba akusiyo isisithi.
Kodwa, nangona ukuba ukwabiwa kwe-lochia kuthathwa njengesiqhelo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ungayikhohlwa ngemithetho ethile. Ukuba emva kokunyamalala kwe-lochia, ukuphuma kwegazi okubonakalayo kubonakale kwakhona, oku kuwuphawu lokuba ufuna ukuphumla okungaphezulu. Kwaye, nangona emva kweentsuku ezimbalwa zokuphumla ukuphuma kwegazi emva kokuphuma kwegazi, kuyimfuneko ukunxibelelana nodokotela.
Kufuneka uqhagamshelane nodokotela wakho ukuba:
- i-lochia ebomvu ayiguquli umbala wabo nangosuku lwesine emva kokubeletha
- ngexesha lokwahlukana kwe-lochia, i-chill okanye umkhuhlane okanye i-lochia inomsindo ongathandekiyo
- Unayo igazi elininzi kangangokuba ipayiti igxile ngegazi ngelixa eli-1.
Kwakhona ngethuba lexesha lokugqibela, kubonakala ukuba ukuphuma kwegazi, phambi kwezinto zokuhlala ezikhunjini zamathambo okanye iimfamfeto zomntwana kwisisu. Into yokuba iinqanawa ze-uterine ezidibanisa i-uterus kwi-placenta ziqhekeke ngexesha lobasebenzi. Kodwa uqobo lwezakhiwo zale mikhombe lusekwe kwinto yokuba ekugqibeleni bayanciphisa ngokukhawuleza. Ngokunciphisa iinqanawa ze-uterine, zijonge kwiimpawu zomsila, apho ziqhutyelwa khona ngakumbi zicubu zomzimba zesisu. Ngaloo ndlela, kukho ukubunjwa kwe-thrombi kule mikhumbi, ekhokelela ekumiseni ukuphuma kwegazi. Kodwa yonke into echazwe ngentla, iyenzeka kuphela ukuba ixesha lokuhamba emva liqhelekile.
Ukuba emva kokuzalwa kwisibeleko sesisu kuhlala iimbumba okanye i-placenta, ziphazamisa iinkqubo zokunyanzeliswa kunye nokunyanzeliswa kweempahla ze-uterine, ezikhokelela ekuphumeni kwegazi.
Kule meko, kukho ukuphuma kwamanzi amaninzi, okubonakaliswa ngokukhawuleza. Ukuthintela ukuphuma kwegazi kuhlolisisa isimo sesisu ngokuncedisa izixhobo ze-ultrasound ngosuku lwesibini emva kokubeleka. Kwaye unyango olunyanzelekileyo ugqirha xa kwenzeka ukuphuma igazi.