Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, abantu abatsha baninzi babuyela ecaweni, bakhetha ukuba bangabikho kwimvume yobume bomtshato. Kodwa, ke, kufuneka uqonde ukuba isakramente ibanjwe kungekhona ukufumana iifoto ezimnandi kumtshato okanye ukukwazi ukubonisa ingubo enhle. Inkqubo yomtshato igcwele intsingiselo ecacileyo, ngoko kufuneka uyenze kakhulu
Imigaqo ebalulekileyo yomcimbi womtshato ebandleni
Okokuqala, ibandla alivunyelwe ukutshata ngaphezu kwesithathu. Kwikholo lamaKatolika, le meko iyanzima. Ukuze ufumane imvume yokutshata kwakhona, kufuneka, kuqala, ulinde ixesha elide, kwaye, okwesibini, kungekhona into yokuba uya kunikwa.
AmaNgqina okanye abagcini, njengokuba babizwa ngaphambili, kufuneka umtshato womabandla e-Orthodox kunye necawa yamaKatolika. Nangona kunjalo, ngokwemiqathango ye-Orthodox yemitshato, kuphela amakholwa abhaptizwa kwiOrdodoxy angaba ngamangqina. Kuyafana, eqinisweni, umyeni kunye nomtshakazi. Ukuba omnye wabo ungakholelwa kuThixo okanye uzibheka njengokholo olunye, ngoko umfundisi unelungelo lokusikelela loo mtshato.
Umtshato kwiCawa yama-Orthodox ayibanjwe kwizithuba ezine eziphambili, ngeLwesibini kunye neLwesine, phambi kweeholide ezinkulu zenkolo, kunye neKrismesi neKrismesi. Kakade, kukho ukungafani, kodwa azinqabile kwaye zidinga imvume ekhethekileyo.
Omnye umthetho ongabonakaliyo unxulumene nempendulo yombuzo, yintoni umtshato kwaye kutheni kuyadingeka. Lo akusiyo umcimbi omnandi. Kwaye icawa yecawa, ngexesha eliphambili umthandazo wecawa. Kwaye abaza kutshata, abazali babo kunye neendwendwe kufuneka bathandaze kunye nombingeleli, baziphathe ngokufanelekileyo, kungabikho mcimbi wecala kunye ne-backs to iconostasis, musa ukujikeleza iholo, musa ukwenza ingxolo, musa ukuvumela ukutsalwa kweefowuni. Umthendeleko uhlala malunga neyure. Yaye isiseko sayo, sinokuchaphazela ubomi bonke bomtshato.
Qaphela: Kungcono ukudubula ividyo yomtshato kwicawa yamaOthodox kunye nekhamera yomntu owaziyo ukulandelelana komcimbi kunye nendlela umtshato oyenzeka ngayo, ukuze ufumane i-movie apho izikhalazo zifakwa ngokufanelekileyo. Le ngcebiso iyasebenza kumntu okhethwe ngumfanekiso wezithombe, kuba imeko yokukhanya ethempelini ayinakufaka isandla kwisithombe esihle kumtshato. Ngesinye isikhathi i-flash ivunyelwe ukusetyenziswa ngenxa ye-hypersensitive of icons and murals.
Yintoni oyifunayo kumtshato?
Ngoko, makhe sicinge ngezinto eziza kufuneka kwimicimbi yomtshato.
Okokuqala, kufuneka uzilungiselele. NjengamaKristu oOthodoki, kufuneka uvume kwaye uthathe isidlo. Phantse iintsuku ezi-3 phambi kokudibanisa, uye ekudleni. Uya kwisakramente kwisisu esingenanto. Ukuthintela kule meko kuyinkqubo ebalulekileyo. Ngeke kube yinto engabonakaliyo kunye neveki ephelileyo ukuya kuzo zonke iinkonzo. Konke okufanayo, umtshato awukho nje ukubhaliswa komtshato kwiziko lemfundo. Uzinikezana phambi koThixo nabantu. Ngoko ke, kuyafaneleka ukuya kumthendeleko kunye nokulungiselela umtshato ebandleni. Ngoko ukuba isakramente ayiyi kuba yinto yomtshato.
Ngenxa yomtshato ebandleni ngokwemiqathango ekhoyo, kufuneka ube nawe:
- Iimpawu ezimbini - uMsindisi wecala lomntu kunye noMama kaThixo ngenxa yowesifazane. Ezi zixhobo zifunekayo ukuze iintsikelelo ngexesha le-sakramente. Inketho efanelekileyo yayiya kuba imifanekiso yifa lakho losapho. Ngenxa yokungabikho kwezi zixhobo zingathengwa ngokuthe ngqo. Ingabonakalisa uphawu lukaYehova uMninimandla onke, umfanekiso weNtombikazi "Kazan" okanye "Vladimirskaya". Iimpawu zeMtshato ziziswa kwibandla ngabazali bomtshakazi okanye umyeni. Ukuba ngaba ngesizathu esithile asayi kuba khona emtshatweni, bangathathwa kunye nabaselula okanye amangqina.
- emakhonkco omtshato. Namhlanje, kusetyenziswa imveliso yegolide. Kodwa oku akusoloko kuyimfuneko. Into ebalulekileyo kubo ibonisa, ayixabisi. Ngokuya kwimimiselo yomtshato womtshato kufuneka kube neefowuni ezahlukeneyo zomyeni kunye nomtshakazi. Ngokomzekelo, igolide yabantu kunye nesilivere yabasetyhini. Iyokuqala ibonakalisa ilanga, yesibini-inyanga. Ngokutsho kwesinye isantlukwano, amakhondlo abonisa intsingiselo yomtshato, eyathethwa ngumpostile uPawulos. Isakramente ibonakalisa ubunye bukaKristu kunye neCawa. Ngelishwa, ngexesha lethu, izibini zihlala zingayithobeli imimiselo yecawa kwaye zithenga iimfesane zomtshato ezifanayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba unqumle ukulandela yonke imithetho, qwa lasela ngokunjalo.
- amakhandlela omtshato. Ungazidibanisi ngomtshato kwaye ungathengi kusengaphambili kwiindawo zehlabathi. Amakhandlela athengwa etempileni. Ngamanye amaxesha zihlotshisiwe, kodwa ngokuqhelekileyo zibukeka zithobekile. Emva kwesigramente, abatsha bathatha ikhandlela kwikhaya baze bagcine ubomi babo bonke.
- ithawula elimhlophe ngexesha lobuhlanga, balala phantsi kweenyawo zentsapho zomtshato. Umele umendo omde kunye nolonwabileyo kwintsikelelo kaThixo. Kwisityikwano kukho umzobo omhle okanye iphethini embossed. Kodwa mhlophe kuphela. Ithawula igcinwa ekhaya emva komtshato. Ithawula akufanele ibe mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa, ngelo xesha, ukuba umtshakazi nomyeni abakanamathelane, kodwa bemi ngokukhululekile.
- musa ukulibala malunga naziphi iimpepha ezifunekayo kumtshato ebandleni. Thatha, okokuqala, iipasipoti kunye nesitifiketi somtshato. Ngamanye amaxesha isatifikethi esivela kwiofisi ye-registry yanele ukuba umcimbi wecawa uqhutywe ngaphambi kokubhaliswa komntu.
Zizo zonke iimpawu omele uzikhathalele xa ulungiselela umtshato.
Kwinqaku: icawa ayibuliseli iindandatho ezibiza kakhulu kwaye zizinyathelo zomtshato. Abanye ababingeleli banganqwenela ukungcwalisa iimveliso ezibonakala ngathi ziqhayisa.
Ummiselo womtshato kwiCawa leOthodoki
Ukuxhamla
Umtshato ulandelwa ukubethelwa okwenziwe ekupheleni kwe-Divine Liturgy. Ngaphambili, ezi zifundo ezimbini zahlula ngexesha. Kwaye ukunyanzelisa kungenziwa nonyaka ngaphambi komtshato. Namhlanje, iisakramente ezimbini zibonwa njengeziqendu ezimbini.
Ngaphambi koko, amasongo anikwe umlungiseleli wecawa kwaye kwinkqubo yetiturgy esesibingelelweni esibingelelweni. Emva koko umdikoni uthatha amasongo aze awabeke kwi-tray ekhethekileyo. Umbingeleli uyababusisa umyeni kunye nomtshakazi kathathu, ukunikezela ngamakhandlela omtshato asele awakhiwe. Ngokwemigaqo yecawa, ikhandlela ziyingxenye yenkonzo yexesha lokuqala. Oko kukuthi, awuyi kubafuna umtshato wesibini okanye wesithathu.
Kule ncwadana: ikhandlela zomtshato kunye namathupha kwizithethe zakudala zaseRashiya kufuneka zigcinwe ngenyameko kwintsapho. Ngamanye amaxesha amakhandlela omtshato avulelwe ukuba asebenze ngeengxoxo.
Isinyathelo esilandelayo ngu-Orthodox umbingeleli okhokela abatsha ethempelini ukuba athabathe. Okokuqala uthatha umgca womyeni kwaye, enza umqondiso wesiphambano kathathu, uthi: umkhonzi kaThixo (igama) uzinikele kumkhonzi kaThixo (igama). Emva koko umgca ubeka phezu komunwe womyeni. Kuyathakazelisa ukuba isithethe esinomnwe ongachazwanga sidibanisa nembono ephosakeleyo yookhokho bethu obude malunga nesakhiwo somjikelezo wesintu. Ngaphambili, kwakukholelwa ukuba yayivela kwi-artery enkulu ukuya entliziyweni.
Emva kokuba indandatho igqunywe ngomnwe weqabane elizayo, ukujika komtshakazi kuza. Umvuzo uphindwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo.
Eyesithathu iyinombolo yokufuzisela kwisigramente. Phantse zonke izenzo ziphindwa kathathu. Umtshakazi nomyeni batshintshe amaqhinga abo kathathu, beqinisekisa ukulungela kwabo ukuthandana, ukunyaniseka nokuthembeka.
Umbingeleli uthetha eNkosini, ecela intsikelelo kunye nokuvunyelwa kokubambisa.
Ngoko, ukubetha kwenzeka. Yaye isi sibini sidlula singena phakathi kwetempile. Umbingeleli onomfaki weqhumiso uhlala phambi kwabo. Le ndlela ifuzisela umendo onobubele oza kutshatyalaliswa ngumntu oza kulandela umyalelo kaThixo.
I-Chin yomtshato
Abancinci bema phezu kwetawula, ehamba ngqo phantsi kweenyawo zabo, phambi kwe-analo. Le tafile yecadrilateral ngqo phambi kwe-iconostasis, apho iVangeli, umnqamlezo kunye nezithsaba zifakwa kwindlela apho umfundisi ekhululekile ngayo ngexesha lo mthendeleko. Abo ba kutshata phambi kwecawa yonke kunye noThixo nabantu baqinisekisa ukuthanda kwabo okukhululekile kunye nomnqweno ococekileyo wokutshata ngaphandle kweenjongo ezimbi kwaye babonise ukuba abakho ngaphaya okanye abanalo esinye isithembiso. Baphendula imibuzo yombingeleli ngendlela ye-monosyllabic.
Inxalenye elandelayo ye-rite ibizwa ngokuba ngumgangatho womtshato. Umbingeleli wenza imithandazo emithathu yendabuko ebhekiswe kuThathu uThixo. Emva koko uthatha isithsaba emva kokuba umnqamlezo ubonisa umyeni ukuba avune umfanekiso kaKristu kwisithsaba. La magama alandelayo athi:
"Umkhonzi kaThixo unqatyisiweyo (igama leemifula) kumkhonzi kaThixo (igama lomlambo) egameni likaYise, loNyana, noMoya oyiNgcwele."
Ngokufanayo, umtshakazi uyasikelela. Umthendeleko wesithsaba uphela ngala mazwi:
"Nkosi, Thixo wethu, ubathwesa ubuqaqawuli nodumo!"
Zathethwa kathathu. Kwaye zonke iindwendwe kunye nabantu abaselula kufuneka baxoxise lo mthandazo ngabo. Akunakuvakala, kodwa ngokuhlonela uThixo, ukucela, ukuthobela kunye novuyo oluyimfuneko. Ngokuqhelekileyo, kufuneka ndixelele ukuba awukwazi ukuba khona emtshatweni ombi okanye ngomona entliziyweni. Ukuba ungaziva kakuhle, kungcono ukuba ungalonakalisi iholidi kunye nomoya wakho omncinci, utyhafile.
Iindonga zifakwe kwiintloko zowatshatileyo. Ukuqaphela ukuba indoda nomfazi abatshatileyo bodwa bahluke kunkosi nakumkanikazi. Emva koko izithsaba, ngaphandle kokunciphisa, zibamba amangqina phezu kweentloko zomtshakazi nomyeni.
Umbingeleli ufunda izahluko zeVangeli. Kwaye emva koko, kunye nabenzi bobubhiyozo kunye nabangoku, umthandazo obaluleke kakhulu wama-Orthodox othi "uBawo wethu" uyacula. Ngokuqinisekileyo, umtshakazi nomyeni kufuneka bazi kakuhle ngentliziyo.
Abantu abaselula bayavunyelwa ukusela iwayini kwikomiti efanayo. Ithetha uluntu lwazo, kwaye iwayini iyonwabile kwaye iyonwaba kwiholide. Njengentloko yentsapho, umyeni wenza ezintathu zokuqala.
Ukudibanisa izandla zabaselula, umbingeleli uyabagubungela nge-epitrachelion - i-ribbon ende kwiingubo zakhe-kwaye kathathu zijikeleze ngeenxa zonke kwinqanaba lethempelesi malunga ne-analog. I-circular procession nayo inentsingiselo yayo. Le ndlela engapheliyo leyo indoda nomfazi baya kuhamba ngayo ebomini.
Umtshakazi nomyeni baya kubuya kwilinen, kwaye umbingeleli uyasusa izithsaba kubo. Emva koko landela imithandazo yokugqibela kunye namazwi amkelekileyo. Isibini sitshintshana ngokukhawuleza. Ekugqibeleni, abantu abancinci bayakhokelwa kwi-iconostasis, apho indoda ifanele imanga umfanekiso woMsindisi, kunye nomfazi - umfanekiso weNtombi. Umcimbi womtshato uphela ngokumangalela umnqamlezo kunye nokuboniswa kweempawu ezimbalwa zoMsindisi kunye neNtombi.
Ngoku abazali kunye neendwendwe banokuvuyisana nabasanda kutshata. Ewe, abazali benza okokuqala. Umcimbi womtshato wabanjwa. Iindwendwe zakha ikrodi ekuphumeni kwetempile yazo, apho isibini esithile sidlula, sibambe imifanekiso phambi kwabo.
Umtshato kwiCawa yamaKatolika
Imicimbi yomtshato yamaKatolika iyahluka kakhulu kwi-Orthodox. Okokuqala, isi sibini kufuneka size ecaweni size sivakalise umnqweno wabo ngaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu ngaphambi komtshato, ukuba akukho zimo zomtshato ophuthumayo.
Kwaye kukho iintlanganiso ezili-10 kunye nombingeleli, apho abantu abatsha bafundiswa imithandazo kwaye bathetha nabo ngomtshato kunye nokuqonda kwayo ebandleni.
Ngokuqhelekileyo kwenzeka, ukuba kwintlambo omnye umntu ongumKatolika, kunye neyesibini. Icawa yamaKatolika ivumela loo mitshato. Kodwa oOthodoki kufuneka enze isithembiso aze asayine iphepha elithile, elingayi kuthintela imfundo yabantwana njengamaKatolika athandayo.
Akukho mkhosi oqinileyo womtshato wamaKatolika. Ukuziphatha kwayo kuxhomekeke kwizithethe zeparadesi ethile. Ngokuqhelekileyo inkqubo iqala njengetyala eliqhelekileyo. Umbingeleli ufunda izahluko zeBhayibhile kwaye unikela intshumayelo enokufutshane, apho abonisa ngayo inkululeko kuma-young, yintoni imithwalo yemfanelo yabatshatileyo kwintsapho.
Emva koko, umbingeleli ubuza imibuzo emithathu malunga nomnqweno wamahhala wokungena emtshatweni, ukuzimisela ukuthanda umfazi wakhe ubomi bonke nokukhulisa abantwana, ekhokelwa yimfundiso kaKristu. Emva kweempendulo i-rector yecawa idibanisa iimbambo zomtshakazi nomyeni ngomboniso. Amashishini okutshintshana amancinci, apho ubungqina bunika umyeni. Uthi "uBawo wethu" kunye noMthandazo wokuThuthelela ufundwa. Kwaye emva kwamagama athi "Ndiyakuvakalisa njengendoda nomfazi," umyeni osanda kuzalwa uyamanga umfazi wakhe.
Ukuphawula: emtshatweni wamaKatolika, umyeni nomyeni bakwazi ukuvakalisa izifungo zokunyaniseka nothando komnye nomnye, kubhalwe kwangaphambili. Omnye umehluko omkhulu kwi-Orthodox - umyeni ulindele isibingelelo, ngoxa uyise okanye esinye isihlobo okanye umhlobo wentsapho ekhokelela kumtshakazi wakhe. Emva komtshakazi kudla ngokulandelwa ngamantombazana amancinci.
Ngokuphathelele isambatho somtshato, amasonto amaKatolika kunye namaOthodox alindele ukuba umtshakazi egqoke ingubo egqibeleleyo, kunye nomyeni kwisitulo. Nangona kunjalo, le miqathango ikhetho. Into ephambili kukuba ukubonakala kwakho kucocekile kwaye kuyahambelana nesidima salo mzuzu. KwiCawa leOthodoki, intloko yomlobokazi, njenganoma yimuphi umfazi ethempelini, kufuneka ihlanganiswe ngesikhala okanye isigqubuthelo. Kwaye, ke, asimele sikhohlwe malunga neminqamlezo.