I-Spiral intrauterine - ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokwenza iipolymeric, ezenziwa ngoncedo lomfaki-sicelo kufakwe kwisigxina se-uterine kwaye zishiya khona iminyaka emininzi. Ukufakwa kwe-Ectopic helix yindlela enokuthenjelwa yokukhulelwa okungazenzisiyo, okuqinisekisa ukuba umthamo wokukhulelwa we-98% (Pearl Index 0.2).
Iindidi ze-intrauterine spirals:
- i-IUDs. Inguqu engekho phantsi, isizukulwana sokuqala somoya. Okwangoku, amazwe amaninzi avimbela ukusebenzisa ii-IUDs ezingenayo, kuba zisebenzisa i-frequency ephezulu yokuwa ngokuzenzekelayo kunye nokuthembeka okuphantsi xa kuthelekiswa nemimoya yezizukulwana zamuva;
- equkethe ubhedu. Isizukulwana sesibini, inzuzo ebalulekileyo kukuphathekayo okwanelisayo, ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle, ukulungiswa kokusungulwa / ukususwa;
- ii-IUDs ezine-hormone. Isizukulwana sesithathu somoya, onokubaluleka kokukhulelwa komlomo kunye ne-IUD. Zimela izakhiwo ze-T, umlenze wawo uzaliswe nge-levonorgestrel okanye ipresterone. Zinefuthe lendawo ekujoliswe kuyo kwi-membrane yomlomo wesibeleko, izibilini ze-uterine, i-endometrium. Iinkonzo: ukunciphisa kwiziqwenga zezifo ezivuthayo zenyama, ukunciphisa i-hyperpolymenorrhea. Ngaphantsi: ukwanda kwamanzi okuphuma ngaphakathi.
Iinjongo ze-intrauterine ifowuni:
- ukuzinza ukukhusela okuphezulu;
- Umoya wenzelwe ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elide (iminyaka eyi-5-9);
- iindleko ezifikelelekayo, inkqubo yokuqalisa ngokukhawuleza;
- ayinayo imiphumo emibi kwiinkqubo zomzimba;
- ukukwazi ukukhulelwa emva kokususwa kwemoya ibuyiselwa kwimizuzu emibini okanye yesibini;
- indlela efanelekileyo yokulungelelanisa ngomlomo, nokuzala abantwana emva kweminyaka engama-35;
- kunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwe-ectopic;
- IUD ayifuni kwixesha le-coitus, ayiphazamisi namaqabane.
Iingxaki:
- Abasetyhini abanobomi bentsebenziswano bobulili basengozini enkulu yokuvuvukala;
- kunokwenzeka ukuxoshwa (ukuwa);
- ekufakweni okungekho kakuhle kwe-acyclic spotting, ubuhlungu bunokwenzeka;
- IUD ayikhuseli ukusuleleka kwi-HIV kunye nezifo ezithathelwana ngesondo;
- ayifanelekanga kubafazi abanesifo esibuhlungu kunye nesinye isikhathi;
- ngexesha leenyanga zokuqala eziyi-2-3 zokusetyenziswa, i-IUD iphakamisa ukuhamba kwexesha;
- Ukufakela / ukususwa kwenziwa kuphela ngumntwana wesifo somzimba.
Umgaqo wokusebenza
Isinyithi (isilivere / igolide) kunye nemibhobho yeplastiki inqanda umsebenzi obalulekileyo we-spermatozoa, okwenza kube nzima ukutshiza iqanda, utshintshe ukuguqulwa komzimba we-endometrium, okuthintela ukufakelwa kweqanda elichumayo. IUD ivuselela izicatshulwa zesibindi nesisu, ngenxa yokuba iqanda elichumayo lithatha ixesha elikhawulezayo kwisisu: i-endometrium ayilungele ukufumana iqanda, i-trophoblast ayilunganga, oko kungenakwenzeka. Ngokuchasene nemvelaphi yamahomoni ane-IUD, i-viscosity ye-secretion secretion yenyuka, ngenxa yoko ukufuduka kwe-spermatozoa nge-tublopian tubes kunye ne-uterus kunciphisa, i-ovulation iyacinywa.
Imiyalelo yokusetyenziswa
Ukukhethwa, isingeniso, ukususwa kwe-IUD eyenziwa ngu-gynecologist. Isingeniso senziwa ngethuba lokuhamba kwexesha elininzi, ngomhla we-1-2 womjikelo-oku kuqinisekisa ukukhathazeka okuncinci kwinqanawa yomlomo wesibeleko. Ukuqaliswa kwe-intrauterine yokuhamba kwintsimi yabasebenzi kunye nokukhipha isisu okunzima kuyamkeleka.
Imiqathango yokufaka i-helix:
- uviwo lwe-gynecologist;
- kwandiswa i colposcopy;
- I-Smears kwi-flora yomngcingo wesibeleko kunye nesondo;
- i-oncocytology;
- iziphumo zokuhlolwa kwe-ultrasound yeenxalenye ze-pelvic.
Indlela yolawulo:
- ngoncedo lwezibuko, ukufumanisa umlomo wesibeleko, ukuhlambalaza i-disinfect, ukuqonda i-foreleg nge-forceps;
- umthamo wesibindi uyalinganiswa nesondlo se-uterine;
- ukumisela ukujikeleza kwisigxina se-uterine;
- ukusika ii-antennae ze-IUD, ukususa i-forceps, ukukhubaza i-disinfect, ukunika i-antibiotic therapy.
Iingqinisiso ezingapheliyo:
- ukutshatyalaliswa okungapheliyo / okunamandla okwenyama;
- ukuphuma kwintsholongwane ye-uterine yokuphuma kwemvelaphi engaziwayo;
- ukukhulelwa (isityholo / ukuqinisekiswa);
- i-oncology yezesondo, i-uterine fibromatosis, i-stenosis yomlomo wesibeleko;
- i-ectopia, i-polyp uterus, i-cervicitis;
- ulwaphulo kwisibeleko, ukungalungi kwesisu;
- ebusheni, ukuchithwa kwe-uterine cavity.
Ukuchasana ngokumalunga:
- ukukhulelwa kwe-ectopic ku-anamnesis;
- ukungabi nabasebenzi kwixesha elidlulileyo;
- i-anemia engapheliyo, i-endometrial pathology;
- i-hyperpolymenorrhea, ingozi ephezulu yokusuleleka koomzimba.
Impembelelo esecaleni:
- intlungu kwisisu esiswini emva / ngexesha lokufakela;
- i-bradycardia, ukusilela i-iron anemia;
- ukubonakala ngokukhawuleza phakathi komjikelezo;
- isikhumba siphendule, izifo ezithathelwanayo zephepha lomchamo.
Iimeko ezifuna ukunikwa ngonyango ngokukhawuleza:
- intlungu yokutyumza intlungu kwisisu esezantsi;
- ukuphakama okukhawulezayo kwimobushushu kwimvelaphi yentlungu;
- ukuya esikhathini, ukuguqula ukuphuma kwegazi;
- inkcazo yesistim ye-intrauterine kwisini;
- ukuguqulwa kwodonga lwe-uterine lwesisu;
- i-pelvioperitonitis, i-salpingo-oophoritis / endometritis.
Isixhobo esiphezulu se-intrauterine
Kukho amagama amaninzi kunye nabakhiqizi be-Navy, ezithandwa kakhulu yiJuno, iMirena, Multiload, Nova T:
- IMirena. I-Hormonal IUD, emva kokufakela ukuqala ukukhulula ngokukhawuleza i-levonorgestrel, ekhusela ukukhulelwa. Umyinge we-hormone release release 14 mg / ngosuku iminyaka emi-5;
- Juno bio T. Eveliswa ngumvelisi waseRussia, inguqu engabonakaliyo kwaye ethembekileyo yemimoya ekhoyo kwimarike;
- Multiload. IUD ene-OID ye-OUD eneempembelelo kwiingcebiso, ezibangela ukulungiswa okuthembekileyo kwesakhiwo kwiindonga zesisu;
- I-Nova T. Inomfanekiso obhalwe ngu-T, owenza ukufakela kube nzima kwaye kube lula.
Ukuzisetyenziselwa koMbutho weNavy akuvumelekanga. Thabatha uhlobo olwamkelekileyo lwe-intrauterine device kwaye uyifake ngokuchanekileyo kwisigxina se-uterine kuphela ngumzimba wesifo somzimba.