I sebenza njani
Uphando kwintsimi yokunuka kwiminyaka emithandathu edlulileyo wanikezwa umvuzo weNobel. Kwabelwana ngabemi baseMelika uRichard Axel noLinda Buck, abaye bacacisa ukuba ubuchopho bomntu bubona njani buvumba. Ngaphambili, kwaziwa kuphela ukuba babanjwa ngamaseli athile anikezela uphawu kwinxalenye ekhethekileyo yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-bulb bulactory. Kwavela ukuba izakhi zofuzo ezikhethekileyo zinoxanduva lokubunjwa kweemvume zokufumana i-olfactory receptors-sinakho malunga newaka, elimalunga no-3% wexabiso. Ama-receptors axhunyiwe kunye nawo afumaneka kwingxenyeni ephezulu yesigxina somsi kwaye ahlala kwindawo ethile malunga ne-ruble yemali. Ngubo abafumana ama-molecule amnandi ama-odorants - izinto ezivelisa izivumba. I-receptor ngayinye yenzelwe ukuqonda kwaye isithumele isalathisi kwisiko esicacileyo seengqondo ngenxa yevumba elincinane. Ngenxa yombutho wamajethi kunye nama-receptors, ahlanganiswe amawaka angamawaka ayi-10 000. -ninzi nje iphunga liyakwazi ukuqonda ubuchopho bomntu. Kodwa ngaba sifuna ukukwazi ukwahlula amaninzi amaninzi, sicinga ukuba akuzona zonke izinto ezimnandi? Kuvela, kuyimfuneko, kwaye njani!
Kutheni ufuna
Ngethuba lokubanda, kubonakala ngathi: ukutya konke akunakulungi. Oku kungenxa yokuba uvakalelo lwenkcazo luhambelana ngokusondeleyo kumashaneli afanelekileyo. Ngeempumlo ezinamandla, i-taste sensation is lubricated. Umqondo wokuvumba usinika ithuba lokuziva intle yokutya, kwaye bhetele kuphuhliswe, kukutya okunandi ngakumbi. Kwaye siyazibuza ukuba iinkonzo kunye neenja zingadla ukutya okufanayo njani imihla ngemihla kwaye kungabi isikhalazo. Mhlawumbi, banamandla ngakumbi kunabo, kunye nevumba ephucukileyo kunye nelula "iWhiskas" ivula imihla ngemihla ngeentlobo ezintle? Omnye umsebenzi obalulekileyo wokunuka umqondiso. Ukuba iphunga liqulethe ulwazi malunga neengozi engozini, ubuchopho buza kunika umyalelo kwisithuba sokuphefumula, kwaye umzuzwana ukhululeka. Abantu, ngelishwa, abahlali bexesha lokuba bazive le ngongoma yengqondo kwaye, bephethe umoya wabo, bathathe iinyawo zabo kude nendawo eyingozi. Iimeko zokutyhefuza umthamo kwi-metro ziyaziwa, xa igesi enetyhefu yanikelwa iphunga leentsha. Abagibeli kuphela abaqapheleyo bakwazi ukufumana ukuba loo mpepho ayinanto yokuyithatha kwindlela engaphantsi komhlaba, kwaye ikhusele inkqubo yokuphefumula. Amanye ahlawulwa ngetyhefu. Igesi yendalo imethane esetyenziselwa abapheki begesi ayiphunga, kwaye ukuvumba okungamnandi kunikwe ngokuthe ngqo - mhlawumbi amaxhoba obumetyhe bekhaya ayakuba nzima kakhulu emhlabeni jikelele. Ama-aromas asetyenziswa ngokubanzi kunye nasentsimini yorhwebo - efana nekhofi yendalo kunye nelamoni ephihliweyo phambi kweendawo zokukhangisa, i-smell yesonka esitsha esetyiweyo isetyenziselwa ukwandisa umsebenzi wabathengi. Kwaye, bathi, ukuthandwa kukaMcDonald's akuyi kufa ngokuthe ngqo kwi-khempi ekhethekileyo yeekhemikhali, eyaziwa ngabathandi be-hamburger emhlabeni wonke. Kodwa ukongeza kwizinto ezingenakuphikwa kwezoqoqosho kunye nezinye izibonelelo, umntu akufanele awutyeshele umsebenzi ongeyomfuneko wokunuka nje ... ukunika uvuyo. Emva kwakho konke, kudla ngokumnandi ukuvumba into ethile.
Ziziphi iifumba esizithandayo
Ukutshiza utshani obutyiweyo, amaphephandaba amasha, umoya we-ozonized emva kwesibhakabhaka, ihlathi le-coniferous okanye ikhofi kunye nesinamoni bathandwa phantse wonke umntu. Kodwa kukho ukukhetha okungaqhelekanga. Abanye abantu, umzekelo, njengothutho lomzila ongaphantsi komhlaba, izitambo ezinqabileyo, izithambiso ezinamanzi. Kukho iziqhelo ze-aromas zepetroliyo, i-asphalt, i-matches matches, i-acetone, iimbotshane ezincinci kunye nama-kitten, iilite ezintsha, i-ice cream, i-ice cream, i-Vishnevsky amafutha ... Uluhlu luqhubeka ngonaphakade. Kodwa ukuba ucinga ngako, uhlobo olukhethiweyo lwenkqantosi yintsimi efanelekileyo yentsebenziswano yoluntu. Kwaye ukuba ubuyela eluhlu lwamagqabi aqhelekileyo, ngoko kunye nevumba lamakhiti kunye neendwangu ezintsha, oomama, ngokuqinisekileyo, njengeninzi, njengoko ihlabayo ... ngokufanelekileyo, indoda ethandekayo. Kwaye apha, mhlawumbi, umsebenzi obaluleke kakhulu wokunuka uquka: ukukwazi ukunceda ekufumaneni iqabane.
Njengoko ukhulelwe ngokwemvelo
Masiyeke eceleni kwezentlalo, inkcubeko kunye neminye imiba yabantu kwaye siqwalasele inkqubo yokufumana iqabane elivela kumbono wezinto eziphilayo. Abantu bakhangwa yivumba lalabo abanikazi babo bezahlukileyo behluke zabo. Abasetyhini bengazi kakuhle umntu onesiganeko esifana nesobuhlobo kwaye akabonanga kuye uyise wezingane zakhe zangomso - uhlobo lunyamekele ukungabandakanyi ubunzima bokuvelisa i-genetic kwinzala. Emva koko ingqondo iyaqhubeka iguqula iimpawu ezifakwe yinkqubo ye-olfactory. Inkqubo eyinkimbinkimbi yenkqubo yezinto ezinokwenziwa kwezinto eziphilayo emzimbeni iqaliswe - indoda inomthamo ophezulu we testosterone, kwaye umfazi une-estrogen. Izimpawu zokuphendula zikhupha ukwanda kweevumba ezikhangayo - kunye nabantu bathandana ngokubanzi nangaphezulu. Kubasetyhini, umqondo wokuvumba unobumba (nangona bubi nakwiminyaka ye-ovulation!), Ngoko ke kucingelwa ukuba: bakhetha indoda. Oku kulungeleleneyo-ngokwenene baxanduva lokuqhubela phambili i-genus.
Ixesha elizayo kukunuka
Abaphandi baseTel Aviv bafumanisa: abafazi abadandathekileyo abavumi. Ngoko ke, ukuba impumlo ingacetyiswa malunga nokufika kwentwasahlobo, mhlawumbi imeko yengqondo yomntu idinga ukulungiswa. Abaphandi baseMzantsi Korea baye baqulunqa: umphumo oshukumisayo kunye noxinzelelo lwekhofi awubangeli ukusela, kodwa iphunga layo. Ukuze uzive ungcono emva kobusuku bokulala, (ungasayi kusela ikofi, vela nje iifotyi zekhofi). Abaphandi baseJamani bahlambalaza amacwecwe ahlukeneyo kufuphi nabantu abalele. Kwavela ukuba iphunga lichaphazela ngqo imifanekiso ebonwe kwiphupha. Ukuba igumbi lokugcoba lifana ne roses, amaphupha aya kuba mnandi. Kwaye izazinzulu kwiYunivesithi yaseYale ziye zafumanisa ukuba ingxaki enzulu njengento yokukhuluphala inxulumene novelwano lwenkqubo. Ukusetyenziswa kakubi kweziyobisi kumonakalo kwimveliso yeemveliso kuba ezinye iindawo zobuchopho zithinteka kakhulu kwivumba. Kubonakala ngathi kwixesha elizayo, ngoncedo lwentswelo yokubumba, uluntu luya kujamelana nokuxinezeleka, ukulwa nobunzima obunzima, jonga amaphupha ngokulandelelana kwaye ufumane abahlobo bokuphila. Bathi akukude ixesha apho kwimiboniso yefilimu iya kuhambisana kungekuphela kwinqanaba (ekuqaleni kwekhulu lama-20 le nto yayibonakala iyinto emangalisayo), kodwa ihamba kunye neflethi ehambelanayo. Unqwenela ukwazi indlela umoya ocola ngayo kwilizwe lakwa-blue giants - iPandora.