Ngokwe-World Health Organisation, i-allergies iyona yesithathu isifo esiqhelekileyo. E-Melika, ichaphazela isithandathu somhlali weli zwekazi, eYurophu, kuquka eRashiya, yesine yesine. Kwaye, ngelishwa, inani labantu abachasayo likhula minyaka yonke. Ngoko ke iziphi izinto ezibangelwa ukunyuka kwezilwanyana ziyaziwa kwizesayensi?
Uvela phi?
I-allergies yonyusa ukwanda komzimba kuma-antigens (ngaphandle koko babizwa ngokuba yi-allergen). Sifumana ama-antigens imihla ngemihla. Kodwa umntu onempilo akayikuva oku, kuba ama-antibodies egazini lakhe kunye nezicubu zithintela kwaye zibhubhise. Kubantu abachasayo, umzabalazo ofanayo unzima kakhulu kangangokuba ubangela imeko ebuhlungu. "Abalindi" abaphezulu baphatha iintshaba eziqhelekileyo iimveliso, izivumba nezinto. Kwaye ekubeni i-allergen ichaphazela izicubu ezahlukeneyo zomzimba womntu, ngoko isifo singazibonakalisa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Isisombululo sokuqala sokuqala, njengokuqala komthetho, ngeendlela ezilula: i-urticaria okanye i-conjunctivitis. Kodwa ngokugqithiseleyo ixesha lingadlulela kwimibandela ethile: i-asthma, i-dermatitis, i-gastroenteritis kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kwamanzi.
Yazi intshaba ngomntu.
Uluhlu lwezinto ezivakalayo lukhula rhoqo. Ngaphambili kwakhiwa i-pollen yezityalo zezimbali, imifuno kunye neziqhamo ezikhulile kwizichumisi zeekhemikhali, uboya bezilwanyana. Ngoku ulapha ubusi, iivithamini, izityalo ezininzi zonyango, ukucola igrunithi, ityhufi kunye nentsimbi yakho oyithandayo.
Ukuba ulwahlula izilwanyana ukuya kwiindidi, eziphambili zizine: ikhaya, ukutya, ipollen, epidermal. Izinto ezisemakhaya ezibangela ukunyuka kwezilwanyana zizinto eziphambili zekhaya, iifungi, uthuli. Ukutya-ukutya, kubangela ukunyuka. Izityalo zeentyantyambo zePollen, kunye ne-epidermal - wool kunye neentsiba zezilwanyana zasekhaya, iintaka. Ukutya okudliwayo kuninzi kubandezeleka kubantwana abancinci, kwaye abantu abadala abavumi ukunyamezela ukutya. Njengomthetho, ezi zi-squirrels zamaqanda enkukhu, i-crab kunye ne-shrimp inyama, imifuno ebomvu-orange, iziqhamo kunye ne-tshokoleta. I-pollen kunye nokuhluma kwezityalo eziqhakazelayo kubangela ukutshatyalaliswa kwentwasahlobo phakathi kwabantu. Uboya beentaka, izinja kunye neentsiba zeentaka zibangele i-epidermal allergies.
Inombolo ye-Allergen enye, ngokungapheliyo, yintlanethi (yendlu). Bachaphazeleka malunga nama-70-80% eendawo zokuhlala. Isi sidalwa esidlayo sidla uthuli, i-dandruff kunye nezikali zesikhumba esineekatini. Izilwanyana ngokwazo azizinzakalo, kodwa indle yabo inokubangela ukuba isisombululo siphumelele kwisimo se-dermatitis, i-rhinitis kunye ne-asthma.
Indlela yokujongana nale nto?
Ngelishwa, kunzima ukuzikhusela kwiindawo ezininzi zokutya. Njani, uhlala kuloo mzi, uzigcine uvela kwintsimi, kunye nomsebenzi - ovela kumsi womsila okanye uthuli? Uninzi lwabantu abanesifo sengqondo abasetyenziselwa ukusebenzisa i-antihistamines. Kodwa ingxaki kukuba isenzo sonyango sijoliswe kwi-histamine. Ngenxa yoko igama elithi - antihistamines. Kodwa ngexesha elifanayo i-histamine - akusiyo intshaba, ngumloli ofanayo olwa ne-allergen. Noko ke, ukulwa, kunjalo, kusebenza kwaye kusenza sibe neengxaki ezininzi. I-Histamine ikhutshwa kwiifom, xa izixhobo zokulwa neengculaza zibandakanyiwe ekulwa ne-allergen. I-Antihistamines ikhusela ngokukhawuleza ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezi, kodwa zona ngokwabo zibangele iziphumo ezivakalayo: ukulala, isisongululo, ukusivimbela.
Ngenye indlela, oogqirha bancomela ukutya. Iingcali zenzululwazi zifumene ukuba ukutya kunye neevithamini zikhusela ukukhululwa kwe-histamine. Ezi zakhiwo, umzekelo, ioli yeoli, intlanzi kunye neoli yeentlanzi. Ziyakuvimbela impendulo ye-calcium, i-magnesium, i-zinc, i-vitamin E. yinkqubo ye-homeopathic ekhusela ukukhutshwa kwe-histamine, kodwa yenza ngobumnene. Enyanisweni, ezi ziyobisi kufuneka zithathwe ngokuqhubekayo okanye ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezi-1-2 ngaphambi kwexesha "elivuthayo". Kwaye ukususa ngokukhawuleza ukusabela okuthe tye, oogqirha bancoma ama-antihistamines kwisizukulwana esitsha esekelwe kwi-nicotinic acid. Ngokutsho kwedatha yakutshanje, le asidi ivimba i-histamine engcono kunezinye.
Isilungiso esilungileyo sokukhusela isifo sokunciphisa uxhumano kunye ne-allergen ubuncinci. Ekubeni ukubonakala rhoqo kwi-allergen kwandisa ukwanda kwesifo. Ukuba lwakho utshaba ngumthunzi wasemakhaya, ngoko kunzima ukulwa nalo (kwaye ke ngekiti). Ngokuqhelekileyo ukucoca okumanzi, ukuvuselela igumbi. Sebenzisa abahlaziyi. Ebusika, hla mbulula iipatethi kwikhephu. Ehlotyeni kungcono ukuhlambulula. Intsiba kunye neentambo zeentsiba, zithathele i-foam.
Nge-pollen ye-allergies, vala iifestile uze uguqule abaxumi. Ukuba kunokwenzeka, tshintshana ngaphandle kwaye usebenzise imaski! Njengezixhobo zokukhusela (iipumlo zepumlo, amaconsi eziso), ngoku ngoku kakhulu zisebenzisa iziyobisi ezisekelwe kwi-cromoglycate ye-sodium (i-kromoglin, i-kromosol, i-optic).
Ukutya ukudla okulula kunzima. Ukuphelisa "iimveliso ezinobungozi". Ukuba ama-antibodies akho asabela nakwii-strawberry zasekuhlaleni, ke ungabaniki ama-kumquats kunye namapapayas. Amanzi okupompoza angcolileyo angakhokelela ekuphenduleni. Sebenzisa izihlungi namanzi ukusela abilisiwe. Ukuba unobungozi kwiikati kunye neenja, kukulungele ukuba ungabi nazo, ewe. Kuyafana nakwizinja ezinqabileyo kunye neekati. Khumbula ukuba iimeko ezithile ezibangela ukunyamezela zingabhalwa umqobo onokuthenjwa.