Iintlobo ze-anesthesia ezisetyenzisiweyo kwiqendu ezihlukeneyo ziyahlula zibe zimbini: i-anesthesia jikelele kunye ne-anesthesia yesithili. Kwi-anesthesia yesithili kwihlabathi ngenxa yokusebenza, i-anesthesia ye-epidural, i-anesthesia yomgudu kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwe-anesthesia yomgogodla isetyenziswa.
Jikelele i-anesthesia
Kwiminyaka eyi-10 eyadlulayo, i-anesthesia jikelele yoluhlobo oluyinhloko lwe-aneshesia kwicandelo lokulahla. Iingcali eziziphethe kakuhle ze-anesthesia zengingqi zanele. Okwangoku, i-anesthesia jikelele isetyenziswe kuphela kwiimeko ezinqabileyo:
- Ekubeni kukho ukungqinelani kwintsholongwane ye-epestural and anesthesia (ukuphuma kwamanzi, i-coagulopathy, thrombocytopenia, njl);
- Kwiimeko ezithile ezinqamlekileyo (ukugqithisa kwintambo yomthambo, isikhundla esiphambanayo somntwana, njl);
- Kwiimeko ezinxamisekileyo, xa kungekho xesha lokulungiselela nokuqhuba i-anesthesia yesithili.
Ngenxa yecandelo le-caesarean, i-anesthesia jikelele ibangela iingxaki ezininzi kwaye kunzima ukuza kuthwala kuneyona ndawo. Xa ukukhulelwa kuthintsha i-patency yephepha lokuphefumula, ngoko kukho iingxaki nge-intubation ye-trachea. Umngcipheko wokungeniswa kwezinto zesisu esiswini kwindawo yokuphefumula yanda kakhulu, kubangela ukuphazamiseka kwemiphunga kunye nokuhluleka okuphefumulayo. I-Anesthetics, esetyenziswe kwi-anesthesia jikelele, "ishaya" ngamandla kakhulu umzimba awuyiyo kuphela umama, kodwa nayo iyingane. Iintsana zinokuphazamiseka ngokuphefumla, inkqubo yeentlanzi ixinezelekile. Kukho ukulahlwa, ukulala, ukunyanzelisa ngokweqile, okwenza kube nzima oogqirha ukuba benze isigqibo malunga nemeko yintsana.
Anesthesia yesithili
I-epidural kunye ne-anesthesia yomgulane kwinqanaba lekota libhekwa ngokuthi "umgangatho wegolide" we-anesthesia. Ezi ndlela zifana nomnye. 'Baqhekeza' intlungu kuphela kwindawo ethile yomzimba. Ngelo xesha unina unengqondo kwaye unokugcina ukuzalwa komntwana wakhe. I-anesthesia yesithili iqhutyelwa ngogqirha kwaye injecting anesthetic kumqolo ongaphantsi-kwindawo ekhethekileyo kufuphi nomtya wentongo.
Ukwahlula kukuba iyeza elinesifo somzimba we-anesthesia ligonywe ngenaliti kwinqwelo ehlamba intambo yomthambo. Oko kukuthi, esi sijojo esivamile. Kwaye kunye ne-anesthesia ye-epidural, le nkunkuma ijojowe nge-catheter efakwe, ehlala emzimbeni de kube sekupheleni komsebenzi. Ngalo, kukulungele ukulawula ezinye iziyobisi ngaphandle kokuhlaziya kwakhona.
Nge-anesthesia yomgogodla, i-anesthesia iyenzeka kwimitha eyi-10-15, kunye ne-epidural kuphela emva kwemizuzu engama-20-30. Ngo-anesthesia jikelele, isiguli asisoloko siva intlungu. Kwaye i-anesthesia yesithili, imeko ihlukile. Akuyonto inqabileyo emva kwe-anesthhesia yesithili ukuba i-parturient iyaqhubeka ivakalelwa intlungu. Ngamanye amaxesha isizathu siyimpawu zomntu ngamnye. Ngamanye amaxesha, xa kuqalwa ukulwa, inkqubo ye-nervous is overweight kwaye ayigciniwe ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha isizathu sokungasebenzi kwe-anesthesia yesithili yiphutha le-anesthesiologist.
Ukuba intlungu ngexesha lesiganeko sisahlala emva kwe-anesthesia yomgudu, oogqirha badla ngokutshintsha kwi-anesthesia jikelele. Kodwa ekubeni i-anesthesia jikelele ingakhuselekanga kwintsana, ngokuvuma komama, umsebenzi unokuqhubeka noxinzelelo olunzulu. Iimeko ezinjalo, ngelanga, azifani. Ngoko ke, oomama abakhulelweyo abaceba "inzululwazi" kwicandelo lokutywala i-caesarean kuphela ukwenzela ukuba bangaboni iintswelo zokuzalwa, kuyafaneleka ukuba bacinge ngengqalelo ngemiphumo.
Ukuba intlungu iziva emva kwe-anesthesia ye-epidural, isisombululo silula. Umthamo omtsha we-anesthetic uqaliswa ngekathetha. Enyanisweni, kuya kusebenza kuphela ukuba i-catheter ifakwe ngokufanelekileyo. Ukongeza, i-dose eyongezelelweyo yamachiza enyantya inokuchaphazela umntwana osandula.
Ukuchasana: ukusuleleka kwintsimi ye-anesthesia, ukunyamezela komntu, ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, iplatelet ephantsi, njl njl.
Iimiphumo: emva kokusasaza nge-anesthesia ye-epidural, kuvela ikhanda elibi elidinga ukuvuselelwa. Emva kokuba "u-spinalka" - iintloko ezingenamandla.
Inzuzo: xa kuthelekiswa ne-anesthesia jikelele ikhuselekile kumama nomntwana.