Aba bameli abancinane, abahlala behlaza beeflethi bangaphantsi komhlaba, benomhlaba ogqithiseleyo, ifom-efana (ifom ephakanyisiweyo) isiqu sokuphakama okuphantsi. I-trunk yabo igutyungwe ngamacwecwe avela kumacembe awa. Amagqabantshintshi amancinci, afana namagqabi awaninzi, akhula ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi, enye iyavela emva komnye. Isiqu esinobuso obushelelekileyo okanye inani elincinci lameva. Amaqabunga azinzileyo, aqinileyo, atyunjiweyo okanye anesigxina. Isiseko samagqabi ahlukaniswe ngamacandelo amabini - amancinci kunye nobubanzi, imida iyingxenye enye okanye nge-denticles. Ngexesha elikho kukho amaqabunga, apho imifuno efana nayo ibonakala ukusuka ngaphantsi.
Kulesi sityalo esixhamlayo, inxalenye yokuzala (i-strobila) ifana nezigaxa zezityalo ze-coniferous. Ngendlela yokuphuhliswa ngokupheleleyo, benza i-rosettes kunye ne-megastrobils (abameli besifazane) phakathi kwamaqabunga, anamaqela e-sporophylls, ngamanye amazwi, ashiya ama-spores, apho ii-ovules ezimbini zingaphantsi kwezinto eziqhayisayo, kunye nabameli bendoda bakha i-microbubbles.
I-Zamia yaziwa ngokubanzi njengeproplant. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-furiacea ye-Zamia eqhelekileyo, ifana nesundu.
Iintlobo.
U-Zamia roezli Regel, owaziwa ngokuba yi-zamia pseudo-parasitic. Kwabiwa kwiindawo ezitshizi zasePeru, e-Ecuador, ePanama naseColombia. Ikhula kwimithi (njenge-epiphyte) kunye nasemhlabeni. Ukuphakama kwe-trunk kufinyelela kumitha emithathu. Ubude bomntu omdala buhamba ngamamitha amabini, kunameva kwi-petiole. Amaqabunga amancinci anesigxina anama-30 ukuya kuma-40 cm ubude, kwaye ububanzi buyi-2.5 ukuya ku-3.5 cm. Kwinqanaba elincinane lamagqabi, iimvumba ezisezantsi zibonakala.
I-furia furfuracea L. f., Ngenye indlela i-zamiya ene-powdered. Umhlaba wasezantsi kule ntlobo yi-Veracruz neMexico. Isityalo esaziwayo esiqhelekileyo phakathi kwabathandi bezityalo abangaphakathi kwiMelika kuphela, kodwa nakumaMpuma naseMzantsi-mpuma ye-Asia, njengeJapan, eSingapore naseThailand. Isiqu salesi simila ngaphandle kwemigca, sifana ne-turnip, sifihliwe phantse ngaphantsi komhlaba kwaye sinomthamo weentyatyambo ezintle ngokuqhelekileyo, ukusuka kwi-50 kuya kwi-150 cm ubude, i-gray-blue bluhlaza. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-trunk yezityalo ezindala ziyakhula ngamasentimitha angamashumi amabini ngaphezulu komhlaba.
Izibini ezilishumi elinambini okanye ezilishumi elinesibhozo zamaqabunga zinomfanekiso oblong okanye i-egg shape. Amagqabi anesithsaba, esinobunzima obukhulu, imifuno efana neyofana neyobude emagqabeni amakhulu ukusuka ngaphantsi, kwaye kumancinci kumacala omabini amancinane athathwe ngokucacileyo apha ngasezantsi.
Imithetho yokunyamekela.
I-jiraya ye-flower yegumbi ikwazi ukunyamezela ngokuthe ngqo ilanga elithe ngqo, kodwa ungabashiyi phantsi kwemisebe eqondileyo emini, kufuneka udale isithunzi kubo. Esi sityalo singafumaneka kwicala lasezantsi, kunye nakwiifestile ezisentshonalanga nakuma empuma. Kwindawo esenyakatho, kukho ukulahleka kokukhanya kokukhula. Nangona uZamia ethanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kusadingeka ukuba ufunde ngokukhawuleza ilanga elithe ngqo, kuba isityalo singatshiswa. I-zamiyu imele ibeke amaqela ahlukeneyo ngokukhawuleza ekukhanyeni, ukwenzela ukuba i-rosette yamagqabi athule ngokufanayo, kwaye isityalo esihle sikhula.
Ubushushu obukhethiweyo ekwindla nasentwasahlobo malunga ne-25-28 ° C. Ebusika, ukushisa komxholo kufanele kube ngaphantsi, malunga ne-14-17 ° C. I-Zamia yiintyatyambo ezingenako ukunyamezela ukunyuka kwezulu.
Ngethuba lexesha lokunyuka kwentwasahlobo, ininzi yokuthambisa isityalo kunye namanzi amile, yenziwa ngokuhambelana nobunzima obunzima bomhlaba ophezulu. Ekuqaleni kwenkomfa, ukucwiliswa kuncitshisiwe, ngokukodwa ngokubhekiselele kwimixholo epholileyo. Ebusika, ukucwiliswa kwenziwa ngezinye iinkhathi, akufanele uvumele ukudibanisa okunamandla kunye nokomisa komhlaba.
Xa i-zamia igcinwa kwihostlu, akukho mfuneko yokwenza umgangatho womoya ofunekayo, isityalo sibekezelela umoya omile. Ngexesha elitshisayo lentwasahlobo kunye nehlobo, ukuhlanjululwa kwesi sityalo kuvunyelwe. Amanzi kufuneka athambile kwaye atshise.
Ngentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ukunyusa umfuzo kuyimfuneko, rhoqo iintsuku ezingama-21-28. Ngenxa yoko, isichumiso esinzima esilungiselelwe izityalo zangaphakathi. Ngekuqala kwexesha lekwindla, ukondla ukuyeka, kwaye ebusika kuyacinywa ngokupheleleyo.
Ukutsalwa kwetyala, ukuba kuyimfuneko, kwenziwa entwasahlobo nasehlobo, mhlawumbi ngaphambi kokuqala kokukhula kwalo. Izimbali ze-miya kufuneka ziqulethwe kumhlaba onomsoco, ubuninzi obuphakathi, obandakanya inani elilinganayo le-humus, peat, turf, isanti kunye ne-granite emihle evela kwi-granite. Umzantsi webhodi kufuneka unikezwe ngamanzi.
Ukwandisa i-zamia, imbewu isetyenzisiweyo ibekwe kwisiqingatha sobubanzi bembewu, kumxube, wokuxinwa kokukhanya, ukunika ubushushu kunye nokunyumba. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba zivele iingcambu zokuqala, zifakwe ngokukhawuleza kwiibhodwe ezahlukeneyo, enye ihluma.
Ubunzima obunokwenzeka.
Ehlotyeni, xa ilanga elichanekileyo ilanga lifika, amaqabunga angatshiswa ekukhanyeni kokukhanya.
UZamiya ukhula ngokukhawuleza. Ngamanye amaxesha kwimizuzu emininzi isityalo asinaso amahlumela amatsha.
Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kwenziwe ngokuqaphela, kuba ukuphelelwa kwamanzi okugqithiseleyo kungabangela izifo zesityalo.
Hlulela ezi ntyatyambo zangaphakathi ezinjalo izidumbu ezinjenge-spider mite kunye ne-scab.