Ukuqhaqha kwezi nut kuqala kwisiqabana seqabunga, apho siqhotyoshelwe khona. Ubungakanani bemilambo yinto enye kuphela, ke i-ovary ibonakala, ephantsi koko ubunzima bayo isezantsi emhlabeni kwaye igxotha kuwo, apho ihlala khona kude kube nokukhula komzimba.
Njengamaqabunga ayenayo ientyantyambo eziqhakazekileyo kwaye zivuthiwe emhlabeni, konke oku kwenzeka ngenxa yokuba iipinaniti zizithobela i-pollinate. Inxalenye engezantsi ye-ovary emva kwe-pollination kunye nokuchumisa kwi-10 - 20 cm ephakamileyo kwaye iyakhiwa. Umbala wengubo yembewu i-brown brown, i-grains i-tint yellow, ihlanganiswe nebala elibomvu elincinci, eliphantse libala.
Umhlaba wasezantsi we-peanut yi-South America, ukusuka apho eya eIndiya naseTshayina, eya e-Afrika nakumzantsi we-USA. Xa kuqhutywe izixhobo ePeru, bafumana amangcwaba apho oososayensi bafumanisa khona i-peanut yodongwe, eyayisele ibe ngaphezu kweminyaka eyiwaka. Ukongeza kwimiba yamanzi, izitya ezidwetshiwe ngomfanekiso wakhe zifunyenwe. Ngokusekelwe kule mihlaba, iingcali zenzululwazi zaphetha ukuba iNingizimu Melika yindawo yokuzalwa yamanqatha. Ukusuka apho, wafika kumazwe afudumele, afana ne-Afrika, i-United States, i-India ne-China.
Ukuba uthatha isigqibo sokuthenga amantongomane, kufuneka uqaphele ukubonakala kwayo kunye nephunga. Umbala wee-grains kufuneka ube yinto efanayo, ngaphandle kwamanqatha okanye amanqatha. Amantongomane kunye neebhokhwe kufuneka zikhululeke ngokubunjwa kunye ne-musty smell.
Amanqatha: izakhiwo ezifanelekileyo
Ukubunjwa kwamanqwanqwa kubandakanya iivithamini A, E, D, PP, B1 kunye neB2, i-amino acids ekhethekileyo, amafutha yemifuno, i-polyunsaturated lionoleic acid kunye ne-folic acid, i-biotin nezinye i-microelements. Iiprotheni ezinamaqhekeza angaphezu kwama-35%, amafutha anama-50%, kwaye akukho ntsho ye-cholesterol emanqeni.
Iiprotheni eziqulethwe kumanqwanqwa zinomlinganiselo ophezulu we-amino acids, ngenxa yokuba ziyakuthwala kalula umzimba. Iqulethwe ngamafutha e-peanut anefuthe elincinci le-choleretic, ngoko luncedo kakhulu kwi-gastritis kunye nesilonda se-peptic.
Kukho izakhiwo zepapianut, xa zisetyenziswe, zinokuphucula imemori, ukuva, ingqalelo, ukwandisa amandla, ukulungelelanisa umsebenzi wentliziyo, inkqubo yesantya, isibindi nezinye izitho zangaphakathi.
I-acid ye-folic, equle kwiimfumba, ivuselela ukuvuselelwa kweeseli.
Ukongezelela, ngexesha lophando kwatyhilwa ukuba amanqwanqwa eninzi manani afaka i-antioxidants - into ekhusela iiseli ukuba ingalimazi kwi-radicals yomzimba.
Iipropati ze-antioxidant eziphezulu zi-polyphenols - ezi zixhobo zifana kakhulu kwizinto ezinokusetyenziswa kwamakhemikhali kumacandelo e-antioxidant yewayini elibomvu. Ezi zixhobo ziya kuba luncedo ekuthintekeni kwesifo senhliziyo, imithana yegazi, ischemia, ukuguga kwasekuqaleni, i-atherosclerosis. Kwakhona ezi nxalenye zinciphisa umngcipheko weehlamba ezibi.
Iipolphenols zingamashumi amabini anesihlanu eepesenti eziphezulu kumanqatha aqingqiweyo kunamaqabunga aqingqiweyo. Ukuba kunye neminye imikhiqizo ukuthelekisa iipropati ze-antioxidant zee-peanuts, ke inika indlela kuphela kwi-grenade (iqulethe i-antioxidants) kakhulu, imele kwinqanaba elifanayo njengama-strawberries kunye nama -berberries. Ngenxa yempembelelo yokuthoba, amanqwanqwane ayeluncedo kulabo banyuse ukwanda kweentlanzi, ukusabalalisa, ukulahleka kwamandla. Ukongezelela, ukusetyenziswa kwamanqwanqwa kunokunyusa ukwanda kwezesondo kubasetyhini kunye namadoda. Ukuze unyango lwezilonda ezinzima kunye namanxeba ahlambulukileyo, ioli ye-peanut isetyenziswa.
Izakhiwo ezinobungozi zamanqatha
Amanqwanqwa kwifomu yawo eluhlaza angabangela ukuphazamiseka kwesisu. Kufanelekile ukucatshungulwa kwaye inyaniso yokuba i-peanut peel yi-allergen eqinile, ngoko ke, ukwenzela ukuba ugweme oku, ngaphambi kokuba utye amantongomane, kungcono ukuba ucoce kwaye ucoceke.
Ama-acids amancinci kunye nama-protein aqulethwe ngamanqatha angabangela ukuba i-latent allergies.
Abantu abaphethwe yi-arthritis, i-arthrosis, i-gout ayinconywa ukuba basebenzise amantonga.
Kwakhona, abo bayesaba ukufumana ubunzima obuninzi abacetyiswayo ukuba badle amantongomane, kuba ngumkhiqizo ophezulu weekhalori, kwaye oku kunokukhokelela ekuveleni kwamapounds okanye ngaphezulu.
Ukuba iinkozo zigcinwe kwigumbi elinomswakama ophezulu, ngoko kwi-peanut kukho isikhunta, esiza kukhulula i-toxins, sikwazi ukubetha umzimba obuthathaka.