Intsapho yeMerika ingcwele. Akunakuhlukana kubaxanduva lwabesilisa nabesifazane: Abantwana baseMelika kwiziko baqhelekileyo, kungekhona ngeveki kuphela: amadoda aceba umhla wokusebenza ukwenzela ukuba ixesha elininzi lifumaneke kwintsapho.
Yaye imeko xa umama esebenza, kwaye ubawo unabantwana, naye udibanisa kaninzi kunathi. Abantwana bayisoloko beyinto yokumangalisa, indawo yehlabathi. Yonke intsapho iya kuhamba kuzo zonke iiholide zesikolo kunye neyegadi.
Ukukhuliswa kwabantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo kubonakala ngendlela ekhethekileyo. Umntwana uyilungu elipheleleyo losapho, unelungelo elifanayo lokuvota kuyo, njengabanye, kuyo yonke imiba. Kumele ahlonishwe, unelungelo lokungenakulungiswa. Bayamcebisa, bayichazela yonke into evela kwiintambo zangaphambili, ngokukhawuleza banikele inkululeko epheleleyo yezenzo, ngaloo ndlela bafundise ukuba bazimelele. Unqabile njengenqatha, umama waseMerika akaxhalabiseki malunga nokuba umntwana uyakunqumla emdakeni, ekhululekayo, ephuma esitrato ngoDisemba kuphela ngeemfutshane (ngenxa yokuba wayefuna kanjalo) ... Emva kokugqiba ekubeni angakwenza oko, makenze oko. Unelungelo lokwenza iimpazamo kunye namava akhe. Makhe aqinisekise ukuba utshwala buba ngcolile!
Icala eliphambeneyo
Kodwa le mithetho emangalisayo xa ukhulisa abantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo unecala eliphambene. Ngoko ke, ukuqhubeka kwinto yokuba wonke umntu unelungelo lobomi bakhe kunye neminqweno yakhe, amaMelika afuna ukuba le fowuni ihlonishwe kwaye ukusuka kwiintsana ezingenakukwazi ukuchazela oku. Ewe, xa umntwana efunda ukuchaza ngokucacileyo oko akufunayo, uya kuphulaphulwa ngeendlela zonke, kodwa ngaphambi koko, kwimpikiswano yemfuno, abazali baya kuzinikela ngokuzenzekelayo ngamagunya ekhanda. Umama noTata banelungelo lomthetho lokulala ebusuku, kwaye nangona usukuma kwisikhumba sakho, akukho mntu uza kuza kuwe. Umama noTata bafuna ukuqhubeka ngendlela efanayo yobomi abaya phambili phambi kokuzalwa komntwana, kwaye umntwana osweleka kwikhaya lokubeleka uhanjiswa kwiqela elimnandi apho banikela umntwana ukuba abambelele nganye kwiindwendwe ezingamashumi amane, kwaye akayi kuthobela ingqalelo kwempendulo yakhe. "Musa ukuxhalaba!" - kubonakala ukuba le yintetho engundoqo yamayeza aseMelika, apho uviwo lomntwana nge-neonatologist emva kokuzalwa lungabandakanya kuphela ukulinganisa nokuzimisela: "Umntwana omangalisayo." Uphando olongezelelweyo lwezokwelapha luya kuba "olupheleleyo" olufanayo. Impawu eziphambili zempilo yomntwana ziya kubonakala ngathi: "Ukhangeleka kakhulu, akunakwenzeka ukuba uyagula!"
Futhi uphi ugogo?
Simele sivume ukuba ingxabano kunye nokukhuliswa kwabantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwezi zihlandlo ngokuqhelekileyo: emva koko konke, emva koko okanye kamva (bathabatha umtya, bafunda ukufunda) ... Kwizinto ezininzi, ngenxa yoko, abazali baseMelika bazolile, njengoBuddha, baza baxhamla. Ingabi ukugxotha ngamandla kumama kwaye ungenzi iziganeko zemihla ngemihla, kwaye unika ixesha ngokufanelekileyo iimfuno kunye neminqweno (nakwezinye izihlandlo kubantwana), oomama balondoloza amandla abo okwesibini, wesithathu, wesine umntwana ... Ingane kulona mama, kubaluleke kakhulu, inokuba yindawo yokuqala, kodwa iphela indalo ayinakuyijikeleza, njengaseRashiya.
Nyaniso
Oko akuyona i-America ngqo, kukubandakanyeka kuka-ugogo kwiinkqubo zokukhulisa abantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Amakhulukazi aseMerika kubaninzi-abafazi abasebenzayo abanomdla ngokunyanisekileyo ukuxubusha nomntwana ekujoliswe kuko, kodwa akukho ngaphezu
Intsapho e-Italy yintsapho. Ingcamango engcwele. Kungakhathaliseki ukuba kude kangakanani umntu onxulumene naye kwiintsapho zakhe, kungakhathaliseki ukuba awunamsebenzi kangakanani, ukuba uyilungu losapho, umntu akanakuzazaza: akayi kumshiya. Ukuzalwa komntwana kwintsapho enjalo kuyisiganeko kungekhona kuphela kwiintsapho zakhe eziseduze, kodwa kubo bonke abanye abahamba kulolu hlobo "amanzi asixhenxe kwi-kissel". Ingane isipho esivela ezulwini, unqulo oluncinane, bonke abo banomsindo kwaye banomdla, baxutywa kwindawo leyo, banikezwa ngamathoyizi kunye neesekese. Abantwana bakhula ngomoya wokuvumela kunye nokungahambi kwenkqubo, ngelixa bephantsi kolawulo olupheleleyo, ngenxa yoko bakhula ukuze babe njengento ehlambulukileyo, eqhelekileyo, engabonakaliyo, engabonakaliyo njengabazali babo. Uphando lwee-arhente zokutyelela lubonisa ukuba abantwana baseNtaliyane bangabakhenkethi abagula kakhulu eYurophu: baninzi abavumi ukuphumla kwabanye abavakatyeli, bayenza ingxolo, abaphulaphuli abadala, bayayidla ngokukhawuleza kwiindawo zokutyela, benza kuphela oko babecinga ukuba kuyimfuneko, kungekhona ngokombono wabanye.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, intsapho yaseNtaliyane, abantwana ngokukodwa, kufuneka bavunyelwe ngaphakathi kwindlu ngokulumkisa. Ukuba umama kunye noyihlo, mhlawumbi abayikubetha izitya endlwini yakho ... Kodwa iimvuthu eziqhawulayo ziza kutshabalalisa iipenate zakho zasekuhlaleni. Emva kokutyelela kwabo, uhlala ucinga ukuba uMamai uhambahamba ngeenxa zonke.
Ubudala obuyinkimbinkimbi
Xa abantwana bekhulile baze bangene "ubunzima obunzima", abazali ngokuqinileyo banikezela inkululeko, okanye kunoko, bayilumkiso. Ngelo xesha, imigaqo eqinileyo kunye neendawo zokuhlala zihlala, zinciphisa abantwana baseFransi ngaphezu kweontanga zabo eMelika. Okumangalisa kukuba, isiFrentshi kwihlabathi zibhekwa njengesizwe esinokukhululeka kunamaPuritan aseMelika.
Intsapho yamaRashiya yanamhlanje ininzi isibini, ngokukodwa ibandakanyeka ngolu hlobo lwemali kunye nezindlu. Ubaba osekhaya lwaseRussia ngokuqhelekileyo ungumntu onesondlo, umgcini wesondlo, ngokuzenzekelayo uyasindiswa ekusebenziseni imisebenzi yasekhaya kunye nokunakekelwa kwabantwana. Ngokomzimba, unina ugcina indawo yomsebenzi ade umntwana afinyelele kwiminyaka emithathu, kodwa ngoomama abaqhelekileyo bavama ukuya emsebenzini ngaphambili - kwiimeko ezininzi kwiimali, kodwa ngokuthe rhoqo, kunye nabo baseNtshona "oogxa", ngenxa yezizathu zokuzimela, ukunyamekela zabo iingqondo impilo. KwiRashiya yanamhlanje, zombini izixhobo zokwakha izindlu zendawo (indlela ephezulu yokwenza isohlwayo) kunye neengcaphephe zeDkt. Spock ziyaqhubeka zihlala zifanelekile, kunye neengcali ezininzi zokufundisa eziqhelekileyo ezingaqhelekanga kwi-post-Soviet ingqondo: ukulala okuhlanganyelweyo, ukuncelisa i-3 ukuya kwiminyaka emithathu, isimo sengqondo kumntwana njengelinganayo ...
Nyaniso
Ama-Nannies amaninzi ahlala angenakufikeleleka kwizinto zokunethezeka, kwaye i-kindergartens ayisoloko ihoxisa abazali, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo indlela yokuphuma kwimeko i-grandmothers.
Intsapho yaseFransi inamandla kangangokuthi abantwana nabazali babo abakhawuleza ukuba bahlukane baze bahlalisane ngokuzonwabisa kunye kunye (okanye ngaphezulu!) Iminyaka. Ngoko ke, uluvo lokuba banabantwana, bezynitsiativny kwaye abanakuxanduva, ngaphandle kwesizathu. Oku akuthethi ukuba oomama behlala behlala nabo ekhaya ukususela ekuseni kuze kube sebusuku - umama waseFransi unokwabelana ngokukhawuleza ixesha phakathi komsebenzi, iimfuno zakhe, indoda kunye nomntwana. Kuba ngumfazi waseFransi wamanje, ukuziqonda nokuziqhelisa akubalulekanga kunabanye abasetyhini abaseNtshona. Umntwana uqala ukuya kwi-kindergarten, umama ubuyela emsebenzini. Umntwana ongumFrentshi akahlali efunyanwa yinkxalabo yakhe kwintsapho yakhe, uqala ukufunda ukuzondla, ukukhula ngokuzimeleyo, ngokukhawuleza akhula.
Inyaniso ye-French mums idla ngokomoya ngokwaneleyo, ngokungafani ne-American, inokumemeza kumntwana, kodwa ukubetha kunqabile kakhulu. Abantwana bavame ukukhula kwindawo enobungane, kodwa ukususela kwiminyaka yobudala baxelelwa ukuba balandele imithetho eqinileyo: thobela umama wakho, ungabi ngongcamango, ungalwi. Ngombulelo bajoyina kalula iqela
Yinyamekele iimbilini zakho!
Abazali baseRashiya banethuba, yibone izinto ezinobungozi zomntwana kwihlabathi elijikelezayo (kwaye ngaphandle kwesizathu), xhalabele ngekamva lakhe, zama ukuqala nokumfundisa ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka, enethemba lokuba umntwana uya esikolweni esihle (ungakulibali ukuba Uninzi lwabazali bamakhwenkwe bafuna ukukhusela umkhosi), musa ukuthembela oogqirha kakhulu, bajwayele ukuthembela ngokwezenzo zabo kwiintsapho zabo okanye bafune inyaniso ngendlela yabo, kwiincwadi nakwi-intanethi.
Iinkalo eziphambili zeTshayina, njenganoma yiphina intsapho yendabuko yaseMpuma, ligunya labadala, ukubambisana kunye nenxaxheba ehloniphekileyo yabasetyhini. Okucacileyo kukuba ngenxa yeemeko zangoku kunye nokugqithiswa ngumthetho, intsapho yaseTshayina ingenakho ngaphezu komntwana omnye. Ngoko ke, abantwana bahlala bekhulile kwaye bengenangqondo.
Iinjongo, ukunyamekela nokuqeqeshwa kwamaTshayina kubonakala kwimicimbi yokukhulisa abantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Abantwana ukususela kwiminyaka yobudala baya kubantwana bezilwane (ngezinye izihlandlo ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu), apho bahlala khona ngokwemiqathango yeqoqo ngokuhambelana ngokupheleleyo nemimiselo eyamkelekileyo. Imodi enzima inikezela kunye neziqhamo zayo ezilungileyo: abantwana baqala ukuhamba kwangoko embizeni, balele baze badle ngokungqongqo ngokwemiselo, bakhule bezithobela, ngaphakathi kwimeko esomeleleyo kunye nayo yonke imimiselo ekhoyo. Umntwana waseTshayina uxabela abantu bezinye iintlanga kwiholide ngokulandela ngokungathandabuzekiyo ukulandela imiyalelo kamama, akayi kuhlambalaza, angakwazi ukuhlala iiyure kwindawo leyo, ngelixa abantwana bezinye iinkotye bachitha ivenkile. Imfihlelo kukuba umntwana ovela emkhunjini ufundiswa ukuthobela aze amgcine engqongqo.
Inyaniso yokuba ukubeleka, ngokulandela izithethe zesiTshayina, kufuneka umise xa umntwana ekwazi ukubeka isandla sakhe emlonyeni - ukususela ngeli xesha umntana, ngokweziTshayina, unokufunda ukutya kunye ne-spoon.
Ukususela esemncinci, ootitshala nabazali bayazibandakanya ngenkuthalo ekuphuhlisweni kweintsana, kwaye kule ntetho yaseTshayina isondele kumaRussia ngemisebenzi yethu yophuhliso yepolutoratok, ii cubes Zaitseva kunye nezinye iindlela.
AmaTshayina akawuthinteli amandla kunye nezixhobo zokuphuhliswa okubanzi komntwana kunye nokukhangela it talente yakhe, kwaye ukuba kukho enye, ke umntwana onomsebenzi onamathelwano wokusebenza kwansuku zonke uphumelela iziphumo ezininzi.
Umzali waseJapan akayi kuphakamisa ilizwi lakhe kumntwana wakhe, nangona kunjalo, akalokothi ambethe. Baqhubeka bemelana nobulumko obudala: ukuya kwiminyaka emihlanu umntwana unguthixo, ukusuka kwintlanu ukuya kweyeshumi elinesibini - ikhoboka, kwaye emva kweshumi elinesibini - umhlobo. Umntwana waseJapan unokuqiniseka ukuba uya kuhlala ephulaphula ngokucophelela, eze kumhlangulo.
Imfihlelo yoxolo lwabazali baseJapan kunye nokuthobela abantwana kubulula: kuphela kwimbono yokuqala yokungabi namkhethe ukuba kubonakala ngathi konke kuvumelekile kubantwana. Enyanisweni, iifom zikhoyo, kodwa abazali baseJapan abazange bakhulise abantwana kuluntu. Benza iimbono kubo, kodwa ngasese kunye noxolo njengoko kunokwenzeka.
Nyaniso
Namhlanje umndeni waseJapan wendabuko uba ngumhla wamanje. Umama akafuni ukuhlala ekhaya kunye nosana. Abazali baxakekile ngomsebenzi, izalamane ezindala zizishiya ngokwabo, kwaye ngenxa yoko, abaphandi baxoxa ngokulondeka nokunyaniseka kwabantwana baseJapan.
Enye ingxaki yaseJapan - utshintsho oluvela kwinqanaba elithi "uThixo" kwinqanaba le "khoboka": esikolweni esiphakeme, ukunqula umntwana kunye nokuzinikela ekupheleni kwayo, kunye naye esikolweni baqala ukubuza ukuba lukhuni. Utitshala, olwalamano olwakhiwe ngalo ngomgaqo wobuhlobo, uba ngumcebisi onokuthi ajezise. Imithetho ibe yomelele kwaye ibophe. Xa umntwana ehamba esikolweni sesibini, abazali banquma ukuba zeziphi iziko lemfundo ephakamileyo abaza kusebenza kuzo, kwaye ukususela kuloo mzuzu ubuhlobo phakathi kwabantwana besikolo buyeka kwaye ukhuphiswano olunzima luqala. Abantwana bahamba ngokugqithiseleyo ekubeni "oothixo" ukuya kwi "khoboka", ngoko kubafundi baseJapan bahlaselwa ngokubhikisha, kunye nepesenteji eziphezulu zokuzama ukuzibulala.
Indawo ehlukile kwimimandla yasempuma inendima ethembekileyo yabasetyhini. Uhlala ethobela indoda. Uluntu luyamkela umsebenzi wakhe oyintloko wendlu kunye nokukhuliswa kwabantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo. Ukuzalwa kwenkwenkwana kubangela ukuba ujolise, ngelixa intombazana inokubangela ukutshatyalaliswa kwintsapho (eChina, umzekelo, intombazana esandula kuzalwa ingakwazi ukubizwa ngokuba yi-Big Mistake).
Iindidi zeendlela zasendulo zokusola abantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo:
E-Rashiya, njengoko sonke saziva, senza intonga, sishiya singadli isidlo sakusihlwa size simi kwiiyure iiyure. Ibhanti kunye nekhonkco azilahlekanga ukufaneleka kwazo.
Enyanisweni, ii-peas ziyiNgesi. Ngendlela, umthetho wesigqeba e-Great Britain wasuswa, ngo-1986 kuphela.
E-China, batshaya iminwe yabo ngeentonga ze-bamboo. EJapan, unyanzelekile ukuba umele ngekhabe le-porcelain ekhanda lakhe, ulungele umlenze omnye kwicala elifanelekileyo kumzimba.
EPakistan, ngenxa yokulibaziseka okufutshane, baphoqeleka ukuba bafunde iiKoran iiyure. Kwaye isijeziso esibi kakhulu saseBrazil - ukunqanda ukudlala ibhola.
Imfundo yabantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo kwisitayela esidala saseRashiya:
Isikhokelo sabatshati kunye nabazali bama-Middle Ages, siyaqonda ukuba abantwana kufuneka bathandwe, kodwa bakhuthaza abazali ukuba bafihle uthando lwabo: "Musani ukumncoma xa nidlala." Kufuneka ukuba, ngokunjalo ukukhulisa umntwana, umzali unokuyiphathisa kwaye aphakamise umntu owonakalisayo, onamandla. Ngexesha elifanayo umbhali we "Domostroi" ukhuthaza ukuba abazali babantwana "balele, bajezise kwaye bafundise, kodwa bawagwebe baze bawabethe." Ukugwetywa, ngokubhaliweyo, kubaluleke kakhulu ekukhulisweni kwabantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo, okunika abazali ithuba lokuzola, lokuzola kunye nokuhlonipha kwixesha elizayo. Kwacetyiswa ukuba ubonise ububele obungakumbi kubantwana bakho: "Musa ukuzisola, umbethe umntwana: ukuba uyambulala ngentonga, akayi kufa, kodwa uya kuba nempilo, ngenxa yakho, ufeze umzimba wakhe, usindise umphefumlo wakhe ekufeni ... Uthanda unyana wakhe, uze ungayiqhayisa. " Into ebalulekileyo kwimfundo yabantwana kumazwe ahlukeneyo kunye neentombi kwakukho ukugxilwa kombono wokuziphatha kubo ukuba bawaphephe "kwi-vice-corporal".
Nyaniso
Abantwana baseMelika, ngokungafaniyo nabo baseRussia "oogxa", banxiba iimpahla ezimbalwa ngamanye amaxesha. Umntwana, engaqhathananga neziqhwala kwi-puddle kaNovemba okanye akhululwe ngoJanuwari kwisitratato ngamadolo avulekileyo, engabonakaliyo. Kwaye abahlala begula ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kodwa ngokuchaseneyo, kaninzi.
Umgaqo "wokungahlambululi" uquka, ngombono wethu, njengobungqina bekhaya (abantwana abathathu: omnye umama uyazamazama, omnye ufunda ibali lefestile, kwaye konke oku - ukulinda kwikorori ukusuka kwiseshoni yesithathu), nokungabandakanyeki kwimiba yokukhulisa abantwana Amazwe ahlukeneyo: i-American ayiyi kuthi, njengomama waseRashiya wanamhlanje, ukumba kwi-Intanethi ukufuna impendulo kumbuzo othi ingaba yingozi kumntwana wayo. Uvele enze oko ugqirha okanye umama amxelele kuye, yikho konke.