Esi sifo sichaphazela ngokulinganayo bonke abantu beplanethi, kungakhathaliseki indawo yokuhlala okanye ubudala. Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafakazela ukuba kungekhona nje umntu, kodwa kunye nezinye izilwanyana zinokugula ngenxa yesifo sikashukela.
Namhlanje, kwinqanaba lokusasazeka kunye nenqanaba lokufa, isifo sikashukela sinokufakwa kwi-pathologies ye-cardiovascular system kunye nezifo ze-oncological. Oososayensi bayaqhubeka nokuphanda ngokukhawuleza ekuphuhlisweni kwezonyango ezingakumbi kwi-diabetes kunezo ezisetyenziswayo namhlanje. Isifo sesifo sikashukela sithathwa njengesifo esibi kakhulu, esinomphumo omkhulu kumzimba wonke, kwakunye nendlela yokuphila yesigulane. Isigulane esinesifo sikashukela sinyanzeliswa ukuba sigcine iimeko ezahlukeneyo ukwenzela ukuba singavumeli ukutshabalalisa imeko yakhe.
Isifo sikashukela sichazwa ngokwemiqondiso eyahlukeneyo. I-diabetes-dependent-dependent-dependent-dependent-dependent-dependent-dependent (i-type 1 kunye nohlobo lwe-2 lwesifo sikashukela, ngokulandelana), isifo sikashukela, esihambelana nezifo ezahlukeneyo zesithathu kunye nesifo sikashukela esifana nokungondleki. Kwiqela elithile, isifo sikashukela sinikwa kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo. Ukongeza, isifo sikashukela sahlula ngokwahlula kwesi sifo.
Kwizigulane ezine type 1 kunye nohlobo lwesibini lweswekile, ukukhathala okukhawuleza, ubuthathaka kunye nokulahlekelwa kwamandla kubonakala. Oku kungenxa yokuba iiseli zomzimba womntu zithola ishukela elincinci, ngenxa yokufaniswa kwe-hormone insulin. Ngenxa yokungondleki kweeseli, kudla indlala.
Uhlobo lokuqala lwe-diabetes mellitus (kuxhomekeke kwi-insulin) luchaphazela kakhulu abantu abaselula. Njengomthetho, udluliselwe ngumntu, ukusuleleka kwintsholongwane kubangelwa ukufa kweqela elincinci lama-pancreatic, okuba yimbangela yesifo sikashukela. Kwakhona, umonakalo kwi-pancreas inokubangelwa ngenxa yesistim sokuzivikela. Ngesifo seswekile sohlobo lokuqala, umzimba wesigulane uyayeka ukuvelisa i-insulin yedwa.
Uhlobo lwesibili lwesifo sikashukela okanye isifo sikashukela esingekho-insulin sichaphazela kakhulu isizukulwana esidala. Kulo hlobo lwesifo sikashukela, umzimba awulahlekelwa amandla okuvelisa i-insulin, kodwa kunoko, ngokuchaseneyo, uvelisa ngokugqithiseleyo. Kodwa ke, iiseli zomzimba azifumani inani elifunekayo leswekile. Oku kubangelwa kukuba iiseli zilahlekelwa ubuchule kule hormone kwaye azikwazi ukuyiqonda. Isifo sikashukela solu hlobo sithathwa njengesifo esiza kufa kwaye sitholakala kubantu abanesisindo somzimba.
Ngezantsi kukho ezinye zeempawu ezingabonisa isifo sikashukela:
- uziva unxanwa;
ukucoka rhoqo;
- ukwanda okwenene kwimali yomchamo.
Ngohlobo lwe-1 lweswekile, kukho ukuhla okubukhali emzimbeni, onokufikelela kwi-10-15 kg. ngenyanga. Kukho ubuthathaka kunye nokukhathala. Intsimbi ecacileyo yomntu onempilo ifanele ibe yinto ebonakalayo iphunga le-acetone emlonyeni.
Kwizigulane ezineesifo sikashukela, ixesha elide kakhulu kwizifo ezithathelwanayo kunye nokuphilisa ixesha elide kunye namaxeba amancinci. Kwakhona, iimpawu ezingabonakaliyo zesifo sikashukela zinokucingwa rhoqo utywala, umbono otyhafile, ukuvuvukala kunye neenkampu kwimilenze.
Isifo sikashukela se-type 1 siqala ngokukhawuleza ukufumana uncedo kwesi sifo siyingozi kakhulu.
Ngohlobo lwesibini sikashukela, phantse zonke iimpawu ezifanayo ziphawulwe njengoluhlu lwesifo sikashukela. Ukwahlukana kuphela kukuba esi sifo sikhula ngokukhawuleza.
Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, unyango luye lwaqhutywa ngokujoba i-hormone ye-insulin kwimeko yohlobo lwe-1 lweswekile kwaye uthathe iziyobisi ze-hypoglycemic kubantu abane-type 2 yeswekile. Nangona kunjalo, ngokusetyenziswa kwexesha elide kwe-insulin, umzimba uqala ukuvelisa izifo zengqungquthela, ekunciphiseni ukuphumelela kwezenzo zalo.
Ingxaki ebalulekileyo yale ndlela yokwenza unyango kukuba kukho ezininzi izinto ezifuneka ziqwalaselwe xa ukhetha uhlobo lwesigxina okumiselweyo kunye nomyinge wayo. Ukugqithisa kakhulu izidakamizwa ezine-insulini yingozi kwaye kunokukhokelela kwi-coma ye-hypoglycemic. Ukukhethwa kweendlela zokonyango kunye neziyobisi ezisetyenziswayo kufuneka zenziwe ngabanye kwisigulane ngasinye, ngokuqwalasela imbali yakhe yonyango, izifo ezithintekayo kunye nokuphendula komntu ngamnye kumachiza.
Isigulane ngokwakhe sinokubanceda kakhulu oogqirha ekunyanga kwesi sifo. Xa isifo sikashukela sifanelekile ukuba sihambelane nokutya. Njengomthetho, iimveliso eziqukethe inani elikhulu le-carbohydrate elula zifakwe kwisidlo sokutya. Isiseko sesondlo kukutya okutyalwa kwemifuno, iimveliso zobisi. Kwakhona kuvunyelwe ukuba badle ukutya kwi-grains epheleleyo, i-nut kunye nezinye iziqhamo. Imifuno kunye neziqhamo zinegalelo elincedo kwi-pancreas kwaye zikhuthaza ukubunjwa kwe-insulin.
Kwakhona, indima ebalulekileyo ekhatyweni kwesifo sikashukela idlalwa ngumoya wengqondo. Nangona ukuza kutshatyalaliswa, eso sifo sithathwa njengingenakuphulukiswa kwaye sibeka izithintelo ezininzi kubomi besigulane, ukuba kunqweneleka, kunokwenzeka ukuba siqhubeke sivuya kwaye sinandipha ubomi nangona emva kokumenyezelwa kokuxilongwa. Ngoku uyazi yonke into malunga nesifo sikashukela, iimpawu kunye nonyango.