Inkcazo.
I-Basil, okanye elinye igama layo, isityalo esineminyaka elilodwa kwintsapho enomdla. Inomso ococekileyo ococekileyo ococekileyo, isakhiwo esikhulu se-branched. Ingcambu ikhona kwindawo yomhlaba kwaye nje nge-branched. Iquka ukuya kuma-60 cm high, i-tetrahedral. Amagqabi amaninzi, ama-5 cm ubude, i-oblong, i-ovoid ifom, isantya, kunye namazinyo amancinane kumacala abo. Umbala wamagqabi u-violet-eluhlaza, obonakele. Iintyatyambo zifumaneka eziqongweni zeemigca, emhlophe, ezimfusa okanye ezimnyama, ezincinci. Isiqhamo sinezinambuzane ezine ezimnyama ezihlukeneyo emva kokuvuthwa.
I-Basil ikhulile ngasezantsi kweRashiya, kwiCaucasus, kummandla ophakathi: kwiindawo zokugcina izityalo okanye kumathambeka asezantsi, apho kushushu. Ngaba isityalo segadi. I-basil yasendle ikhula kwi-Central America, Asia kunye ne-Afrika.
Ukuqokelela i-basil kwenziwa ngexesha leentyantyambo, ngokukhethekileyo kwimozulu eshushu. Emva koko uqokelele utshani obomini kwindawo efanelekileyo yomoya ekushiseni okungabi ngaphezu kwama-35 ° C, kude nokukhanya kwelanga. I-Basil inikeza izityalo ezimbini zengca ngonyaka. Emva kokumisa, umbala wokuqokelela kufuneka ube yendalo. Iimpawu mazibe zincinci, kwaye amaqabunga kunye neentyantyambo ezinokuthi zibe ngumhlaba. Gcina kwisitya esitywinwe.
Enye indlela yokugcina i-salting. Ukwenza oku, utshani kufuneka uhlanjwe kakuhle, uthathe izicucu, ubeke kwisitya esingenakunqamlezo, uthule izitya zotyi ngetyuwa. Isanci ngomlinganiselo we-1: 5, oko kukuthi, iipuni ezinhlanu zeetrob nge-1 ezipuniweyo zetyuwa. Xa kukhethwa, i-basil ayilahlekelwa yimpahla yayo.
Ukwakhiwa.
I-Chemically, i-basil ayiqondi kakuhle. Iimpawu kunye namaqabunga esi sityalo ziqukethe ioli, i-tanins, i-glycosides, i-saponins, i-saponins, i-viton complex, i-vitamin e-vitamin C, i-carotene, i-rutin, isethi yamaminerali, ushukela, i-phytoncides. Iziqhamo ze-basil, ngaphezu kwezinto ezikhankanyiweyo sele ziqukethe amafutha emifuno eninzi.
Phantse zonke iimpawu zonyango ze-basil zichongwa yioli efunekayo yesityalo. Ioli iqukethe i-eugenol (i-odoriferous substance), i-methylhaekol (i-carcinogen eninzi, kunye neqhumiso), i-camphor (ishukumisi esihle kakhulu senhliziyo kunye nokuphefumla), i-linalool (isisitye esinomlilo we-lily of the valley), nabanye.
Basil ekuphekeni.
Ngombulelo kumnandi ococekileyo kunye nentsholongwane engavamile, i-basil isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ekuphekeni, kwishishini lokutya. Ekuphekeni, i-basil yongezwa kwi-seasonings, i-sauces, isobho, inyama kunye neentlanzi. Ubunzima obuvela kumagqabi omisiwe kunye neziqu ze-basil zisetyenziselwa ukulungiselela ii-marinades ezahlukeneyo, kwiintlanzi zokunambitheka okuvumba. Kwiimveliso zorhwebo, i-basil isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kwezinto ezahlukeneyo zokutya, ama-sausages kunye nemveliso yenyama.
I-basil esetyenziswa kakuhle kakhulu kunye nezinye izityalo: i-thyme, i-rosemary, i-mint, i-parsley. Ingcamango yale midibaniso ihluke kakhulu: i-pepper - ixutywe ne-rosemary, ubukhali bufezekiswa ngokuxuba i-basil ne-thyme.
I-Basil ikhiqiza ioli ne-camphor ebalulekileyo, esetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwiziqhumiso, ukutya kunye namayeza okuxuba.
Izakhiwo zonyango.
I-Basil inamakhemikhali amaninzi: iyanciphisa i-spasms ye-muscle, iinqanawa; kuncitshisa iigesi emathunjini; ikhuthaza ukuphulukiswa ngokukhawuleza kwamanxeba ngenxa yokungafihlisi nokususwa kwesibindi, kuqinisa umzimba.
Umthombo wenani lamavithamini C, P, A yintyatyambo ye-basilica. Ezi iivithamini zithuthukisa imeko yesikhumba, iinwele kunye nezipikili, ukuqinisa imivenge yegazi kunye nokuphucula umbono.
I-Basil nayo ibalulekile ekubeni iqukethe i-camphor, enepropati yokukhuthaza amaziko aphefumlelweyo nokuphefumula. Kwakhona, i-camphor isetyenziselwa ukubuyiselwa emva kwezifo ezinzima kunye nokuhlinzwa okukhulu.
Kwizonyango zomntu, iipropati ze-basil zifumene isicelo kwizifo zesondlo, ukuvuvukala kwindlela yokucoca, i-dysbiosis ngenxa yokuchazwa kwesifo sokulwa nokuvuvukala kunye ne-anti-pasmodic effect.
Ukuxutywa kweengca ze-basil kwakhona kusetyenziswa ngaphandle - kwonyango lwamanxeba, izilonda, ukuhlambulula ngezifo zomlomo womlomo. Umphumo omhle kakhulu unotshani lwe-basil kwilusu, ukuba uyongeza kwibhasti.
Indlela yokupheka ukumnika umsila wengca: kufuneka uthabathe isipuni esisodwa sembiza esomileyo, uthele amanzi aphelayo (1 indebe), ugxininise isiqingatha seyure. Ufumene umthamo we-infusion kwaye udle 1/3 indebe kathathu ngosuku.