Iincwadi ze-cardiologists zezingane zinika uluhlu lweemviwo, kubandakanywa i-electrocardiogram, i-X-ray kunye ne-echocardiogram, ukwenzela ukuba wenze i-diagnostic eyiyo kwaye imisele unyango. Ziziphi izifo zentliziyo yomntwana ezikhoyo, kunye nendlela yokuzichonga, kunye nokunye okuninzi, funda kwinqaku "Izifo ezithintekayo zentliziyo kubantwana."
Iintsilelo zee-partition ze-atria kunye nama-ventricles
Iimpazamo ze-septa zonyango zenziwe phakathi kwamagumbi aphezulu entliziyo (i-atria), efumana igazi. Iintsilelo ze-ventricle zifunyenwe kumagumbi aphantsi entliziyo, apho igazi livela khona. Kuzo zombini iimeko zesifo esithathelwanayo, igazi elibuyela entliziyweni esuka emiphakeni alihambeli isangqa esipheleleyo, kodwa libuyela kwimiphunga, endaweni yokuya kwezinye izitho. Ngaloo sifo, umxholo wegazi kwimiphunga uyanda, kwabanye abantwana kubangela ukuvakalelwa, ukugula okunzima, ukukhukhuma ngokweqile, nokukhawuleza ukukhula. Ezi mpazamo ziyakulungiswa.
Vula i-arterial conduit
Kwiimeko eziqhelekileyo zesi sifo esithathelwanayo, le ngoma ivala iintsuku ezingama-1-2 emva kokuzalwa. Ukuba ihlala ivulekile, inxalenye yegazi ingena kumaphaphu kwaye inika umxhamo owongezelelweyo kwimithambo yegazi.
I stenosis yeeplavines
Nge-storosis ye-aortic, i-valor i-aortic ivalwe ngokukodwa, ngoko i-ventricle ekhohlo isebenzisa amandla amaninzi ekunceliseni igazi kwi-aorta, kwaye ukusuka kuyo yonke into. Abanye abantwana banqanda kakhulu ukuba badinga ukuhlinzwa. Kwezinye iimeko, ukuphelelwa yintliziyo kuyadingeka, kufuneke ukuba utyando oluphuthumayo okanye i-valvuloplasty ngokusungulwa kwe-canister egcwele umoya. Nge-stenosis ye-valve yamapulmoni, i-ventricle efanelekileyo isebenzisa umgudu wokudlulisela igazi kumaphaphu. Le stenosis inokuba yinto engabonakaliyo, ingafuneki unyango okanye, ngokuchaseneyo, inzima kangangokuthi iya kufuna ukungenelela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kokukhupha.
Ulwahlulo lwe-aorta
Leli gama lokunciphisa isayithi le-aorta xa isifo sesifo esithintekayo, esivame ukuvela kumbuthano we-arterial duct kunye ne-aorta okanye ngaphantsi kwe-aorta yesicingci se-subclavian sasekhohlo. Ngokubambisana, ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwicandelo elincinane lomzimba libuthathaka, ngoko u-pulse kunye noxinzelelo emilenzeni zingaphantsi kwezinga eliqhelekileyo, kunye nezandla-phezulu. Ngokubambisana, ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ubuninzi beengxaki. Ukuphakanyiswa kwegazi kwizandla kubangelwa intloko kunye neengxaki ze-noseble kubantwana abathile. Ukuxinzezeleka komzimba kwisifo ngokuqhelekileyo kuhambisane nentlungu emilenzeni ngenxa yokunyuswa kwengcinezelo yegazi, kodwa ngaphandle koqhagamshelwano luyinto engabonakaliyo.
Ukutshintshwa kwemibhobho emikhulu
Kubantwana abazalwa ngokungaqhelekanga, ixesha lokuphila liphantsi kakhulu. Ukuba baphumelele ukusinda, ngoko kuphela ngexabiso lentambo encinane phakathi kwee-ventricle ezilungileyo kunye nezisekhohlo, eziqhelekileyo zifumaneka ngexesha lokuzalwa. Le ngxuma ivumela ukudlula igazi elithile le-oksijeni ukusuka kwi-atrium elungileyo ukuya kwesobunxele kwaye ke ukusuka kwi-ventricle efanelekileyo ukuya kwi-aorta, ngoko umzimba ufumana oksijini okwaneleyo ukugcina umsebenzi obalulekileyo. Okwangoku, ezi mpazamo zilungiswa ngendlela yokusebenza. Ngoku siyazi ukuba zeziphi izifo zentliziyo ezithintekayo.