Iimmori zamagumbi: inkcazo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo izityalo zendlu ye-lemon zincinci imithi enobumba obumnyama obumnyama obunokuthi igcwalise igumbi ngefumba lamaphupha, lugubungele ukukhanya kwamatyatyambo, nceda ucande ngamaphuzu aluhlaza, ngexesha lokuzaliswa kwezithelo zegolide, kubangela uvuyo kunye nempilo kubanikazi.
E-Rashiya, imbali yokubonakala kwesi sityalo iye yagcinwa. Okumangalisa kukuba, izityalo zase-citrus zangaphambili zifumaneka kuphela kumakhaya abantu abahluphekileyo. Ngaphezulu kwekhulu leminyaka edlulileyo, umenzi wezandla wanikela iipoksi ezimbini ePavlovo (kwi-Oka) yaseTurkey, apho kwakukho imithi yemithi. Kwaye ukususela ngeli xesha ixesha lemimandla likhulile ekhaya kwaye bonke abatyeleli abafika kwisixeko sasePavlovo baya kubona kwiifestile zendlu izindlu kunye neziqhamo ze-citrus.
Ilizwe lakwa-citrus: iindawo eziphantsi komhlaba kunye neendawo eziseTropiki, e-mpuma ye-Asia. Ngako oko, ukukhula okulungileyo, iintyatyambo kunye nobukho bezityalo, isityalo sifuna ukukhanya, umswakama kunye nokushisa okwaneleyo.
Kwizityalo zase-citrus, i-lemon sele ithandwa kakhulu kwaye ayisetyenzisiwe kuphela kumbumbi, kodwa nakwiimveliso zorhwebo.
Umthi u-lemon uhambela, ungapheli, kwiintlobo ezininzi kukho amasebe anesigxina e-spiny. Ukukhawuleka kwemonimu kuqhubeka lonke ihlobo, kutyhutyha ngeentyatyambo eziqholiweyo. Kuzo iziqhamo ezivuthiweyo kunye neziqhamo eziluhlaza zingaxeshanye. Ukuba ushiya isiqhamo esivuthiweyo emthini, siya kuphendulela ngokuhlaza, kwaye siza kuphuzi ngokutsha ngexesha elitsha.
Hlwanyela imbewu kufuneka ihlambuluke, oko kukuthi, ithathwe nje kwi-lemon. Inyanga emva koko ihlumela iqala ukuvela. Xa uneminyaka engama-3 ubudala, isityalo sityalwe ngokuxilongwa, kunye negxolo ehlukeneyo, ngeli xesha lenzeke ngoMeyi okanye ngo-Agasti. Ukuba isityalo sineminyaka engaphezu kweminyaka emithathu ubudala, ke sihlwaywe nge-cuttings kunye nobukho bezintso ezimbini. Kule meko, isityalo siqala ukuvelisa iziqhamo emva kweminyaka emithathu. Iifom zokuqala kufuneka zisuswe. Uneminyaka engama-4 ungashiya emthi 4 amaqanda. Ngalinye ixesha umthwalo wezityalo ukhula, kwaye kumthi omdala banokuba baninzi.
Zonke izityalo zemonom ezikhulayo kwiimeko zegumbi zinokuthi zibonwe ixesha elibonakalayo kwimigangatho yabo yobomi. Ngonyaka, ientyantyambo, kwaye ngoko ukuhlanganiswa kweziqhamo kwezinye iziganeko kwagcinwa kwixesha eli-3. Oku kubangelwa ukuba ukukhula kwezityalo kweso sityalo kwenzeka kumaza, ngelixa ihlumela elitsha likhula kumasebe.
Ngoxa uncedo lokukhupha ungakhawuleza ukuqala kweentyityalo zezimbali. Ngasinye ixesha umqhubi omncinane ushiya amaqabunga ama-3-5, kuphela okuphezulu kweso sityalo kususwe. Iimithi zemonon zenziwe zibonakala zihambelana. Amagqabi anamaxesha angama-2 amakhulu kwaye emthini izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze ziqhutywe ziqhambile kunye nempumelelo ye-fruiting. Kule meko, imithi ye-lemon iqalisa ukuqhakaza kunyaka wokuqala, ayinakuyilahla amaqabunga ayo kwaye ayagula.
Iqabunga le-citrus lingaphila malunga neminyaka emithathu. Kwaye kwaphawulwa ukuba isivuno sincike ekukhuselweni kwekhava lekhasi.
Ukukhawulezisa inkqubo yokubhola, kunokwenzeka kwaye ngenye indlela: ukuba umthi wemimandla ukhulile ukusuka kwiinqununu, awutshintshelwa, kodwa udluliselwa kude kube seminyaka emibini.
Ukutshintshwa kwetyala kwenziwa kuphela xa inkqubo yeengcambu ihlala kwisitya sonke kwaye ishiya imingxuma yamanzi.
Imigaqo yokunakekelwa kwemonom.
Indawo. I-lemon - izityalo ezingathandi iimpawu kwaye zikhetha ilanga elichithwe. Ubomi obulungileyo besityalo bubekwa kwindawo, eceleni kwewindow. Ehlobo, umthi unokufakwa kwisitalato. Ebusika, isityalo sifakwe kwigumbi elikhanyayo elinobukhulu obushushu ukuya kwi-8 o C.
Iimali zokuhlaziya zikhula ngee-15-17 degrees, ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphezulu, oku kuphazamisa ukukhawuleza. Kodwa ngexesha lokuphuhliswa kweepods, iqondo lokushisa kufuneka libe ngama-2 degrees ngaphezulu. Kwixesha lekwindla-ebusika kuyacetyiswa ukuba unike isityalo kunye nokukhanyisa okongeziweyo, ngaloo ndlela ukwandisa usuku lokukhanya okungenani iiyure ezingama-4.
Ukunisela. Ukunkcenkceshela kuyamodareyitha kwaye kuqhutyelwa njengoko umgca we-substrate uyomisa ngamanzi athambileyo. Ngentsasa kwaye kusihlwa kuyimfuneko ukutshiza amaqabunga, kuba isityalo asinyamezeli umoya omile, kwaye uqala ukulahla izimbali kunye namaqabunga. Ukuba isityalo sigcinwe kwi-20 ° C okanye ngaphezulu, kucetyiswa ukuba kwandiswe umswakama womoya, kuba oku kunelungelo lokufaka isitya esigcwele amanzi kufuphi nesityalo.
Ukunyamekela. Ehlobo, isityalo sinyanzeliswa iintsuku ezili-10 kanye, ebusika kwiintsuku ezingama-30 kanye.
Kukhethwa ukusebenzisa isisombululo se-0.5% se-nitrate ye-potassium kunye nomxube wesisombululo se-superphosphate kunye nokongezwa kwe-slurry. Kwichumisi ngohlobo lwe-slurry (ngesantya se-1 inxalenye yomquba, kwiindawo ezilishumi zamanzi), isityalo sifuna ngakumbi ngoMeyi.
Isithsaba somthi sidinga ukwakheka. Ukwenza oku, isityalo esincinci sithengwa ngoFebruwari ngephuzu, kodwa kushiya amaqabunga ama-5-6, emva koko avelise amahlumela okuqala, apho kukho amashishini angama-3-4. Ngoko yakha isebe elisezantsi lesibini. Emva kokusekwa kwamasebe angama-4 ehlathini kuthathwa njengokwakhiwa. Kuze kubekwe ihlathi, izimbali azivunyelwe, kuba ngokukhawuleza xa kuvela amaqabunga, ukukhula kwezityalo kuyayeka.
Iphinda i-lemon ehlumayo nge-brush okanye i-cotton swab, apho impova idluliselwa khona kwiintlobo zeentyantyambo kwiipistils zeminye imibala.
Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo. Ubomi babo bonke, ezi ntlobo ziyakhula kuphela ngeebhotile ezimbini. Okokuqala, i-lemon ityalwe kwisitya sokuqala esingu-20-25 cm, kodwa ngokukhawuleza xa ikhula encinane isityalo sidluliselwa kwisitya se-40-45 cm.
Ukubunjwa komxube wondlo: i-humus, i-turf kunye nomhlaba weqabunga, isanti, yonke into ithathwa ngamalungu alinganayo. Igumbi kufuneka lixhotywe ngamanzi.
Ukupapashwa ngokucoca, ukuxhunyelelwa kunye nokuqhawula.
Ukususela kumahlumela amancinci amancinci (0.5 cm ubukhulu) izicucu zinqunywe ekuqaleni kukaJulayi. Iinqunyiwe mazibe neentso ezine kwaye ubude buyi-10-12 cm. Ukunqunyulwa kwezantsi kunjenjalo kudlulela kwi-node, kwaye uluhlu oluphezulu ngaphezu kweentso lu-3 mm. Amagqabi aphantsi awasuswa, kwaye isityalo sityalwe kwisanti yomlambo oshushu (ngaphambi kokuhlamba) kunye ne-polyethylene.
Izifo. Umoya omile, iiprojekti, ezithwala isityalo kwindawo ngendawo, ukuthambisa ngokugqithiseleyo nokumisa komhlaba i-coma ebusika-konke oku kukhokelela ekubeni isityalo siqala ukulahla amaqabunga.