Izityalo zangaphakathi: vriesia

I-genre Vriesia (isiLatini Vriesia Lindl.) Ikhula kakhulu kwindawo epholileyo kunye nendawo ephantsi komhlaba, ikakhulukazi kwingxenye ephambili yeMelika ukuya eBrazil naseArgentina, kwindawo ephakamileyo ye-2, 5 km ngaphezulu kwinqanaba lolwandle. Kulo hlobo lwesityalo luvela kwi-150 ukuya kwi-200 iintlobo zezityalo ezahlukeneyo zeentsapho ze-bromeliad. Izityalo zendlu kaVriesia, oko kukuthi, ezo ezinokukhula kwimiqathango yegumbi, zineentlobo ezili-150.

Olu hlobo lwesityalo lubizwa ngokuba yi-botanist edumile evela ku-Holland V. De Vries (1806-1862). Njengomthetho, izityalo ze-stucco zomhlaba okanye ze-epiphytic ziyi-genre Vriesia. Amaqabunga ezityalo azinzima kwaye ahlaziyekile, aqokelelwe kwi-rosettes encinci, enokuphakanyiswa, kunye nombala wabo unomdla kuba amaqabunga anemizila okanye i-marble pattern. Iintsiba ezingekho. Iintyatyambo zezityalo zi-inflorescences ngendlela yendlebe yombala omnye okanye i-multi-colored, branched okanye elula. Iintyatyambo ngokwazo zincinci kakhulu, ziphuzi okanye zicwecwe ngombala, zenziwe zii-bracts - ziphuzi okanye zibomvu. Iintyatyambo ziphela ngokukhawuleza, kodwa iibracts ziqhubeka ziinyanga eziliqela, ezenza izityalo zibukeka kakuhle. I-rosette yaseVriesia ibuna emva kweentyantyambo, ngexesha elifanayo, inani leemifuno livela kwisiseko, esinika amahlumela.

Iintyatyambo zityalo, ngokomthetho, ehlobo. Kodwa ngamanye amaxesha izimbali ziya kutshintshela kwelinye ixesha lonyaka - kuxhomekeke xa utyalile isityalo. Kwenzeka ukuba izityalo aziqhakazekanga nakwimeko yonke, kulo mzekelo kubalulekile ukukhuthaza ukukhula kwabo nge-ethylene. Nangona into yokuba le nkunkuma engcolileyo iveliswa sisityalo ngokwawo, inokudibaniswa ngokufanelekileyo. Ukwenza oku, thabatha amabhanana ambalwa uze uwahlanganise kunye nesityalo kwi-polyethylene. Nangona kunjalo, le ndlela akufanele ixhatshazwe.

Abalimi abaninzi bakhula ezi zityalo zangaphakathi ngenxa yeembonakalo zabo ezikhangayo ngexesha lokusila, kanti ezinye zifana namaqabunga awo angavamile. Ukongezelela, i-inflorescence yeVriesia ngamanye amaxesha inqunyulwe kwaye isetyenziselwa ukwenza izixhobo ezahlukeneyo.

Ukunyamekelwa kwesityalo.

Izityalo zeVriesia zivakalelwa kakuhle endaweni emnyama kwaye azibekezeli ilanga elithe ngqo. Kukulungele ukuyigcina ngasefestile ejongene nempuma okanye entshonalanga, ukuba iifestile ibhekene nezantsi, ize uyigubungele ilanga ehlobo xa isebenza kakhulu. Ngentsasa nakusihlwa, ngokuchasene, ukufikelela kwilanga - oku kubangela ukubonakala kweentyatyambo. Ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuya kubangela ukuba amaqabunga kunye nama-inflorescences alahlekelwe ngumbala obanzi. Ukuba isityalo sineqabunga okanye sitshintshile amaqabunga, ke yindawo ekhoneni elimnyama.

Khumbula ukuba iVriesia isityalo esine-thermophilic. Ukongeza, bachaphazeleka kakubi ngenguqu lokushisa. Kungcono ukugcina isityalo entwasahlobo nasehlobo elinekamelo lokushisa kwe-24-26C, ebusika nasekwindla - 18-22C. Jonga ubushushu bomhlaba - akufanele kube ngaphantsi kwe-18C.

Ehlobo, kunqweneleka ukuthulula inani elincinci lamanzi kwimida, kodwa ungayivumeli ukuba ihluthe. Ukuba iqondo lokushisa liphantsi kwe-20C, phalaza amanzi. Qaphela kakuhle ukuba i-rosettes ayifumani umhlaba (umzekelo, kunye namanzi), ngaphandle koko isityalo siya kugula size sife. Gcina umhlaba kwindawo ehlanjisiweyo, kodwa ungayigcwalisi ngamanzi. I-Vrieses ikhula kwi-bromeliad tree, kanye emva kweentsuku ezilishumi, uyisuse kwaye uyifake emanzini ukwenzela ukuba igcwalise, kwaye emva koko, xa amanzi ehambisa, uyifake kwindawo leyo.

Ekwindla nasebusika, manzi isityalo kunye nancinci, kodwa kuphela xa ukushisa kwigumbi kungaphantsi kwama-22C. Ukuba izinga lokushisa lomoya liphezulu, manzi i-vriesia njengokuba umhlaba umile. Amanzi kufuneka asetyenziswe ukunkcenkceshela, kufuneka abe ngaphezu kweqondo lokushisa kweeklasi, kwi-2-3C. Emva kokuba isityalo siphumile, musa ukuthulula amanzi kwisiseko, mhlawumbi iVreeze iya kufa.

UVriesia uthanda umoya omanzi - kungekhona ngaphantsi kwama-60% omninzi. Ngoko ke, amaxesha amabini ngosuku, uchithe amaqabunga ngamanzi ukusuka kwisibhamu sophethi, kwaye ubeke i-tray phantsi kwebhodlela kunye ne-mossi edibeneyo, iindwangu okanye udongwe olwandisiweyo ngendlela engazange ihlangane namanzi. Kungcono ukugcina isityalo kwiindawo ezizodwa eziza kubonelela ngeemeko ezifanelekileyo. Ukuba, ngexesha leentyantyambo, amanzi afika kwi-inflorescence, mhlawumbi iindawo ezibomvu ziya kubonakala kumaqabunga, okuza kubangela ukubonakala kweVriesia. Kwakhona, musa ukulibala ukusula amaqabunga nge siponji esinyene ngamanye amaxesha. Sebenzisa i-wax eyodwa ekhethekileyo yamagqabi ayifuni.

Ukutya.

Ngethuba lexesha lokutya, izityalo kufuneka zondliwe kanye emva kweeveki ezimbini emva kokunkcenkceshela kunye nezichumisi ezikhethekileyo ezenzelwe izityalo zentsapho ye-bromeliad. Ukongeza, ungasebenzisa ezinye izichumisi, kodwa ukunciphisa ubuninzi bawo ngesiqingatha. Izichumisi kunye nomxholo we-nitrogen owandisiweyo awunyanzeliswa, kuba le nto isichaphazela kakhulu imeko yesityalo. Kwakhona kuyingozi kwi-vriesia calcium.

Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo.

UVriesia akayithathi indlela yokuhamba, ngoko unokwenza kuphela xa kuyimfuneko entwasahlobo okanye ehlobo, ngelixa likhula ngokukhawuleza. Xa uphinda ufake isityalo, qaphela ukuba ungalonakalisi iingcambu zaso, njengoko zibuthathaka. Ukongezelela, i-centre ye-outlet ayiyi kulala ehlabathini-oku kuya kubangela ukubola.

Umhlaba kufuneka ukhululeke kwaye ube nexabiso elikhulu lezondlo. Kungcono ukutshala iVriesia kumxube owenziwe ngumhlaba weqabunga, umhlaba we-turf, i-peat, phezulu kunye ne-lowland (izingxenye ezine zazo zonke izixhobo), kwaye uthathe isanti esisodwa, i-sphagnum moss kunye ne-bark ye-larch okanye ipine (icutshulwa). Iintlobo zezityalo eziphantsi komhlaba zihlonyelwe ngomxube we-turf (2h), i-peat (1h), umhlaba weqabunga (1h.) Kwaye isanti (h). Izityalo ze-Epiphytic ziya kuziva zixakeke kumxube wepine, peat kunye ne-sphagnum. Kungcono ukongeza amalahle kuyo yonke imixube. I-Vrieses idinga amanzi-i-pot kufuneka iqule udongwe olwandisiweyo. Gcina isityalo siphumelele kwiipatyana ezincinane zobumba.

Unako ukukhulisa izityalo ze-epiphytic kwiindawo zokukhupha okanye ukugxeka imithi ye-coniferous nemithi ye-oki. Oku kungenziwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: thabatha isityalo kwisitya nge-clod yomhlaba, gquba umhlaba nge sphagnum uze uyilungise kwinkxaso usebenzisa i-wire okanye intambo kwi-capron. Ukuba ulungisa iiVriesias eziliqela kwilogi enye, uya kufumana umthi oncomekayo we-bromeliad. Ukuhlobisa le ngqungquthela inakho, umzekelo, imithombo.

Ukuzaliswa.

Esi sityalo sivelisa imbewu okanye amahlumela. Kunobungozi ukuba abe nomphefumlo we-mealy kunye ne-scab.