Azaleas ziintyatyambo ezimangalisayo. Ininzi yazo imnandi. Kwenzeka ukuba ngenxa yeentyatyambo awukwazi ukubona amaqabunga. Ngoko ke, ukuya kwisitolo seentyatyambo ngendlela enhle, kunzima kakhulu ukumelana nokuthenga. Ngaloo nto izaleas zivame ukunikezelwa ukuba zivale abantu endaweni yesigxina "esifileyo". Emva koko, azaleas ingenye yezityalo ezihle kakhulu kwiimvula. Ngaphambili, iingcali zenza ukuba abatshali beentyatyambo bavelise ezi ntyatyambo. Baye balumkisa ukuba babeya kufa, ukuba abanakukukhulela ekhaya. Kodwa ngoku abathandi beentyatyambo abathandi beefama baye bafunda kuphela ukuba bakhulise kwiimeko zangaphakathi, kodwa nokuba baninzi. Kwaye kukho imibuzo embalwa. Yaye indlela yokulondoloza lo mma ngaliso, le ngqele yehlobo? Yaye yintoni ekusetyenzisweni kwe-azaleas ekhaya?
Yimangalisa!
I-Azaleas zizihlahla ezihlobisa kunye namaqabunga amancinci kunye neentyatyambo ezintle. Iintyatyambo nganye ziya kwiintsuku ezingama-20 ukuya kwe-30, kwaye isityalo sivelisa ama-80. Ngoko ke, ii-azalea ziqhoqho ngeentsuku ezingama-60. Thengisa isityalo apho kukho iindawo ezininzi ezinokungafihla-ke ziya kutshabalala. Yaye ukuba isityalo singena kunye neentyantyambo ezitsha, ziza kubakho ngokukhawuleza zingenakunyamekela, kwaye isityalo siya kuphelela. Njengendlela yokutshiza ibhotile, iintlobo ezimbini zihanjiswa ngokubanzi: i-india azalea (i-Rhododendron Simsa) kunye ne-Japanese azalea (rhododendron obtuse), eyenzeka kangangoko. Ama-azalea aseNdiya ayahlukana no-pubescence ngaphantsi kweqabunga neentyantyambo ezinkulu.
Izinzuzo ze-azalea.
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-azaleas kuyabonakala. Ubuhle bakhe obuhle buphakamisa umvakalelo, ukukhulula isilwane kunye nokugula. Kwakhona kwaphawulwa ukuba abantu abakhulayo azaleas abanako ukuhlupheka ngenxa yokudandatheka kwebusika. Kwaye akuyingozi! Kulo xesha i-azaleas "iqhuma" ngokuqhakaziza kwaye kuluhlaza, ukuzalisa indawo yokuhlala ngobuhle. Akufuneki ukuthetha, izindlu zendlu zikunceda ukucoca igumbi uze ugcwalise umoya ngokutsha. Ayikho ikhefu kunye neentyantyambo ze-azaleas.
Ukunyamekela nokugcinwa ekhaya.
U-Azalea luyinkcubeko enothando. Ukuba ihlala ixesha elide ize iphele kunyaka ozayo, kufuneka ihlaziyeke phezulu, kwaye ingenakwi-pallet, kwaye ininzi kangangokuba umhlaba wawungekho nje umanzi, kodwa uhlale umanzi. Amanzi amaninzi ukusuka kwipayiti yokumisa kufuneka asuswe, ngaphandle koko iingcambu ziya kubola. Amanzi 1-2 amaxesha ngeenyanga acidified nemon, ascorbic okanye oxalic acid kwisilinganiso se-0.3-0.4 g ye-asidi nge-1 ilitha yamanzi, kodwa umhlaba ngaphambi kokunkcenkceshwa kwesi sixazululo senziwe ngaphambili. Akunakwenzeka ukuba acidize amanzi ngokuphindaphindiweyo, ngaphandle koko i-substrate iya kunambitha ngexesha, kwaye iingcebiso zamagqabi azo azaleas ziya kubomvu-violet. I-Azaleas ithululelwa ngemvula enqabileyo okanye ngamanzi ekhephu okanye kumpu omileyo. Izihlandlo eziliqela ngemini izityalo zihlanjululwa, kodwa ngexesha leentyantyambo, akunakwenzeka ukuphalaza, ekubeni amanzi angadlalwa kwiintyatyambo, kodwa i-buds ibole. Kungcono ukubeka isitya ngaphantsi kwamanzi okanye ukubeka intyatyambo kwi-moss emanzi kwindawo ebanzi.
Ephantse kwimifuno yeentyatyambo kukho amanyathelo amancinci. Zisuswa ukuze amaqabunga ahlasele. Ientyatyambo eziqhekekileyo zihluthwa kunye neepicicels. Ziqulethe azaleas kwiimeko ezipholileyo - zikhululekile ngakumbi kwiqondo lokushisa lama-10-15 degrees. Le ndawo ilanga, kodwa entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni kufuneka ikhuselwe ilanga ngqo.
Iyona nto ibangela ukuba amaqabunga atshabalalayo aweleyo awanelanga. Unokucwina ibhodi kunye no-azalea - amaxesha ambalwa ngeveki - kwisitya sokuhambisa amanzi kuze kube yinto epheleleyo. Ezinye izizathu zingaphantsi kobushushu obuphezulu bomoya, umswakama ophantsi kunye nelanga elikhanyayo. Amaqabunga angatshintsheka xa usebenzisa amanzi anzima ukunkcenkceshela okanye ukutyala isityalo ngodongwe, umhlaba we-alkaline.
Ukunyamekela emva kokugquma.
Emva kokuba izityalo zentyantyambo zifakwe kwiindawo ezibanzi, kodwa zingenasiphelo, zizama ukutshabalalisa umhlaba. Izityalo ezincinci zifakelwa rhoqo ngonyaka, abantu abadala - kwiminyaka engama-2-3. Yithwala izihlahla, ususe amahlumela abuthathaka, aqhathaniswayo kwaye unamathele eziqongweni zamashishini amancinci, uvuselele ukuhlanganiswa kwawo. Amahlumela kunye namaqabunga ama-3-4 aphuhlisiwe atyhulwa amaxesha amathathu ukuya kuJuni, xa kuqaliswa ukuveliswa kweentyatyambo zeentyatyambo zonyaka ozayo. Yondla u-azalea kathathu ngenyanga emva kokugquma kuze kube ngu-Agasti, usebenzisa i-fertilizer ekhethekileyo ye-azaleas. Kwaye kwithuba lokuqhawula kuyo akusayi kubakho iingubo eziphezulu zokugqoka kunye ne-superphosphate (15g nge-10 ilitha amanzi). Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokugcina i-azaleas emva kokuqhakaza: kubanda kwaye kushushu.
Iimpawu zomxholo obanda.
Ebusika, ii-azaleas zigcinwa kumgangatho wokushisa wama-+5- +6 degrees, kwaye xa usuku lukhula, kwi-+12- +15 degrees. Ehlobo, ii-azaleas zithwalwa kwi-balcony, i-pritenyayut, zikhusela kwiziqulatho, ungavumeli ukomisa i-coma e-earthy, ifunyiweyo ngamanzi, isithsaba sibe yindiza. Ekwindla, xa kubanda, izityalo zifakwa eklasini eliqaqambileyo kwaye zigcinwe kukushisa kwama-10 - +15 degrees kwiiveki ezi-4-6. Kuphela ke unokunyusa izinga lokushisa kuma-degrees +18 + +20. Iintlobo zakuqala ziya kutshabalalisa emva kweiveki ezi-6. Ukuba iintlobo ezisezantsi ziqhakaza phambi koJanuwari 1, ngoko ziya kuba neentyantyambo ezingaphuhlisiyo.
Kulula ukukhula kwimfudumalo.
Kodwa kunzima ukugcina ulawulo olunjalo kwiindawo zokuhlala, ngoko ke indlela yokufudumala i-azalea isetyenziswa rhoqo. Ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo, izaleas zibonakaliswe elangeni, ngelixa i-pritenyayut yelanga ngqo (ingakumbi ibhodwe), kwaye igcinwe khona kude kube yimilima. Isityalo ngokusa kusasa sinamanzi kwaye sifafaze rhoqo. NgoMeyi, qalisa ukusika amagatsha, ehlangothini elibheke ngaphakathi ngaphakathi kwegumbi, ukushiya abo banike isithsaba esisinye, bahlule kwaye bahlume kakhulu. Amahlumela amancinci athatywayo, ashiya ama-4-5 amaqabunga kuwo. Ukugqithisa kakhulu isiqithi, obuthakathaka ubuqhakabhaka - khumbula oku.
NgoJuni, kuveliswe iifuno zeentyatyambo ezifomini eziphefumlweni. Ukukhula kwezityalo kuyayeka, kwaye amahlumela amatsha abonakalayo ngeli xesha anqunyulwa. Kuvela isiqithi esisehlangothini esisodwa, kuba kucetyiswa ukuba singaguquli isityalo, ungatshintshi isikhundla salo, kuba iiflethi zeentyatyambo zibekwa kwicala elikhanyayo lezityalo phantsi kokukhanya okuqhubekayo. Izityalo ezifayo ziya kutshintshwa kwaye zihanjiswe kwenye indawo. Nangona kunjalo, emva kokuba isityalo sitshabalale, kufuneka sibuyiselwe kwindawo esakhulayo ngayo, ngelixa kwakhiwa.
Ukuzaliswa ngokucinywa.
Ukupapashwa kwe-azalea ngoncedo lwezicucu. Ukutyunjwa kwesi sityalo kunqunywe kuphela emva kokugquma. Kodwa khumbula, ukunyusa amahlumelo akulungele oku. Iinqununu zinqunywe ngobude be-5-6 cm. Ngaphambi kokutshala, ukuphunga kakuhle, zigcinwe kwisisombululo se-succinic acid (100 mg / l l amanzi) okanye i-heteroauxin (100 mg / l) iiyure ezingama-24.
Ngaphambi kokutyala, ibhodlo le-azalea lizaliswe nge-substrate (umxube okhethekileyo we-azaleas okanye i-peat ebuthathaka). Emva koko, ngaphambi kokungcolisa umxube wehlabathi, "isuka entliziyweni" yancinci. Iinqunyiwe zityalwe ubunzulu be 2-3 cm, zifakwe isikhwama se-polyethylene phezulu, esilungelelene nebhodi. Beka izimbiza ngokucoca kwintshona okanye kwinqanaba lasezantsi. Yaye ungakulibali ukuwahambisa rhoqo kwaye uwafake. Oku kuyinyaniso ngakumbi ekhaya. Izimbiza kunye nokucoca amaxesha ambalwa ngeveki kufuneka ziphuculise umoya. Kuba oku kunele ukususa isikhwama se-cellophane kwibhodi leentyatyambo ixesha elifutshane. Ukuba yonke into eyenziwe ngokuchanekileyo, kufuneka silindele ukuhluthwa kwezicucu kwiinyanga ezi-1-1.5 kwimeko yokushisa kwama-20-25 degrees. Iinqununu ezinqamlekileyo ngeveki ngaphambi kokutshintshwa kwendawo yokuhlala kwindawo yokuhlala ngokungapheliyo. Okokuqala, isikhwama se-cellophane sivulelwe iiyure eziyi-2-3, kwaye emva kweeseshoni ezimbalwa, ukuqina kunqunywe ngokupheleleyo. Iinqununu eziqinileyo zizinzile kwaye zinyanzelisiwe zitshintshelwe kwindawo engunaphakade kwaye ziphinde zihlanganiswe nefilimu iiveki ezi-1-2, ukwenzela ukuba zingcono zithatyathwe ingcambu.
Iintlobo ze-azalea.
Kukho iintlobo ezininzi ze-azaleas. Ngamanye amaxesha ahluke kangako omnye umlimi ongenalwazi ongenakukholelwa ukuba ezi zityalo zingezityalo ezifanayo. Ukuhlonela ngokukhethekileyo ukuzalisa i-azaleas eJapan, apho ukulima kwabo kuthathwa njengobungcali. Nazi ezinye iintlobo eziqhelekileyo phakathi kwethu.
- Erica Sander. Olu luhlu oluphambili. Isityalo sikhula, iqabunga liluhlaza obumnyama, i-pubescent. Ibhulo ukususela ngoNovemba ukuya kuMatshi. Ientyatyambo ezivulekileyo zifana neentyantyambo ezimhlophe ezimhlophe ze-mahogany eninzi.
- Erie. Iintlobo zokuqala. Isityalo sivulekile, siphakamileyo, iqabunga liluhlaza okomnyama, i-pubescent, iintyatyambo zitshiza, zinamaqabunga.
- Snowflake. Iindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo. Isityalo siphantsi, iqhamla ukususela ngoFebhuwari ukuya kuAprili iintyatyambo ezimhlophe, iziqhekeza ezi-3-5 kwiziphelo zehlumela.
Kwiimeko zegumbi, le miba ilandelayo ikhula kakuhle: iintlobo zakuqala (ziyaqhakaza ngo-Oktobha-Disemba) - uHelmut Vogel kunye neentyantyambo ezibomvu (ayifuni ukushisa okuphantsi ngaphambi kokuqhuma); U-Ambrosian - obomvu, uPaul Sheme - kunye neentyantyambo ze-salmon-pinki nabanye; ephakathi kwexesha-i-Pink Pink Pearl, obomvu obomvu u-Elsa Kerger nabanye.
Kunzima ukuxhathisa ukuhlakulela okuhle kunye ne-azaleas efanelekileyo ekhaya. Mhlawumbi, ekuqaleni, akuyiyo yonke into eya kuvela. Kodwa ukuba ubonisa ukunyamezela nomonde, ikhaya lakho liza kuba yintsimi epholileyo yiparadesi.