Kutheni sikhula?
Ukukhula komntwana kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezintathu ezibalulekileyo: ukuphuhliswa kwamahomoni afanelekileyo, ukutya okunomsoco kunye nophuhliso olupheleleyo lwesistim. Kodwa ke igama lokuqala li-hormone. Ukukhula komntu kulawula inkqubo yeengqungquthela ze-endocrine emzimbeni. Ingubo ye-thyroid ihlala entanyeni, i-pituitary (inxalenye yengqondo) kunye neengqungquthela zesini (ngamakhwenkwe - kumathambo, kumantombazana - kuma-ovari). I-pituitary gland ingenye yeengqungquthela ezibaluleke kakhulu ezikhuthaza ukukhula kwamathambo. Ukuba isebenza ngamandla, iingalo nemilenze zikhula ixesha elide kunexesha eliqhelekileyo, izibhulu kunye neenyawo zingaphezu kweqhelekileyo. Ukuba le gland isebenza kakubi, umntu angakwazi ukuhlala i-midget (ibhola ephawulekayo ekukhuleni - kumakhwenkwe - ukuya kuma-140 cm, kumantombazana - ukuya ku-130 cm - kuthiwa yi-nazism). Xa umntu efika ebusheni (malunga no-16-18), siyayeka ukukhula.
Papin okanye umama?
Ukukhula komntu ngamnye kuthi kusengaphambili kwenkqubo yofuzo. Ngokuqhelekileyo, amakhwenkwe athatha ibhola lokukhula kukayise (okanye izalamane zesilisa - izalamane, oomkhulu), kwaye amantombazana aphinda aphinde aphinde aphinde aphendule ibhinqa lesini (oomama, ugogo, oomama). Kodwa kukho iinguqulelo ezidibeneyo.
Kwenzeka ukuba inzala ivela kubomama noyise, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yindoda yindlalifa. Ngubani oza kuyithatha - engakafundiwe. Kodwa i-formula yokubala ukukhula ikhona. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhula komntwana, kufuneka udibanise ukukhula komama nobaba, isixa esiphumela sihlulwe ngesiqingatha. Emva koko, ukuba inxulumene nendodana, yongeza 6.5, kwaye ukuba intombi-ithatha 6.5. Lawa manani alinganiselwayo ahlukeneyo kwibala lokudibanisa okanye ngaphantsi kwe-10.
Kwaye andingazi ukuba ndikhulayo
Akukho mnye umdala umntu angongeza ekukhuleni kwisantya esinjengomnyaka wokuqala wokuphila (ukwanda kwonyaka kuya kuma-25 cm). Kodwa xa umntwana ekhula kakubi, oomama abaninzi bayazibuza ukuba kutheni umntwana ekhula kakuhle. Ukuqhubeka ngokuwa: ukwenzela ukuba unyaka wesibini ukuya kwi-8-12 cm, ukuya kwisithathu ukuya kutsho kwe-10 cm. Ukususela kwiminyaka emithathu ukuya kweyesibhozo, ukwanda kwe-4 cm ngonyaka. Kodwa ezi zikhokelo ezimalunga nabazali. Ngokuchanekileyo, uphuhliso lomzimba lomntwana lufanele luhlolwe ngugqirha. Ngomnyaka wokuqala wobomi bentsana - nyanga zonke, kwaye - ubuncinane kanye ngonyaka. Emva kweminyaka emine, umntwana unento ekhangelekayo kakhulu: okubizwa ngokuba "ukukhula kweepikisi" - ukukhawuleza kwexesha lokukhula komntwana (ukuya kwi-8-12 cm ngonyaka). Isizathu - ukulungiswa komzimba komzimba: kwiminyaka engama-4-5, i-pituitary gland iqala ukuvelisa izinga eliphezulu lokukhula kwehomoni, kwiminyaka eyi-12-14-ukuveliswa kwama-hormone esinikwa ngesondo. Yibaphulaphula: ezi zihambayo kumantombazana ziqala phambi kwamakhwenkwe iminyaka engama-1-2, kodwa ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-12-14, amadoda azayo aya kufumana aze afumane isondo esibuthakathaka.
Iindawo zokukhula
Oogqirha bafumanisa into ephawulekayo: emathanjeni omntu, kukho okubizwa ngokuba yimihlaba yokukhula - iindawo ezinokuthi zinyama, ezinokubonakala kwi-X-rays. Iingcali zenzululwazi zithi indawo yokukhula ivulekele kwiminyaka engama-20 ukuya ku-23, kwaye njengoko umntwana ekhula, athatyathwa ngamathambo esinyama, amathambo anqanda ukukhula. Njengoko uphando lwezenzululwazi lubonisile, "inkqubo" yokukhula kwabantu abadala ngexesha lokuvalwa kwemimandla ehambelanayo (iminyaka engama-20-23) ayizalisekanga. Yintoni ekhusela ukuba phezulu? I-Nedosypaniya, yafumana izifo ezithathelwanayo, intlungu, ukungabikho kwamavithamini, iinkqubo zokuvutha - konke oku kunokuphazamisa ukuphuhliswa okufanelekileyo kwamasipha omntwana. Enye yeentshaba ezinzulu kakhulu zophuhliso yi-nicotine. Ukuba umntwana utshaya, kwaye ufumana umthamo we-nicotine kubazali, ukukhula kwakhe kunganciphisa kakhulu. Kwaye kuya kuba isizathu sokuba umntwana akhule kakuhle. Okubi kakhulu, ukuba unyana okanye intombi iyayisebenzisa le mkhuba embi. I-Nicotine iphazamise umsebenzi we-pituitary gland, ibangele i-vasospasm, inqanda iinkqubo zokuxilisa emzimbeni, ngenxa yoko, isondlo sesistim se-osseous siyancipha.
Indlela Yokuba Iphakamileyo
Iingxabano ngeentsholongwane - umsebenzi ongenamdla. Nangona kunjalo, ukongeza iipentimitha ezimbalwa kwiprogram edibeneyo yendalo impela.
Ukuze umntwana azalise inkqubo yakhe yokukhula, zibandakanya ukutya kwentsana kangangoko kunokwenzeka imifuno kunye neziqhamo ezingakhange zenziwe unyango - zigcina izinto ezingcono zezinto eziphilayo. Imveliso yemvelaphi yezilwanyana (inyama) iqulethe ii-amino acids ezibalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni amathambo namalungu. Kwaye kwiipridges kunye nesonka esinomnyama kukho izinto ezininzi zeemaminerali, izicubu ezifunekayo ze-cartilaginous. Kodwa inkokeli ekukhuliseni ukukhula ngobude iinqwelo. Ucebile kwi-carotene, ebonakalayo emzimbeni womntu ube yi-vitamin A - injini enkulu yokukhula. Kusepinashi, i-lettuce, i-sorrel, imifino, emagqabini. I-Vitamin A kwisimo sayo esicocekileyo ibhotela, ubisi wonke, i-yolk yolk, isibindi (ikakhulukazi ikhodi). Kuba ukukhula kwamathambo kuthatha uxanduva kunye ne-vitamin D, echithwa ngokukhawuleza yelanga (ukungabikho kwayo kungabangela i-rickets).
Ukuzilolonga kwemihla ngemihla (ukugijima, ukubhukuda, ibhasi, ibhola lebhola, i-volleyball, i-tennis) negalelo ekusebenzeni kwimihlaba yokukhula.
Ukumiswa kobukhosi
Ngaba ukhathazekile malunga neentsana zokuhlala? Ixesha lokuthatha isenzo. Ukufika ku-7-10 cm ukuphakama kaninzi kuthatha i-scoliosis (ukukhawulela umlenze). Kwaye kunye nesona sizathu esiqhelekileyo salo mcimbi sisithuba esingalunganga. Ukuba umva womntwana awubonakalwanga ngendwangu yecala, qhagamshelana ne-vertebrologist okanye ugqirha. Ugqirha unokwenza umyalelo wokunyanga, ucebise i-corset ekhethekileyo ukulungisa isithuba. Kukho ukusilalisa apho ugqirha unokukwazi ukulungisa umgudu womntwana, ukuphucula ithoni yezilonda ezixhasayo.
Ukusilela kwe-hormone yokukhula - somatotropin - yinto engavumelekanga kakhulu: ityala elinye kubantwana abayi-5-10 amawaka, kwaye baninzi bafa. Iimpazamo ziyimpembelelo zejeni ezijongene nokuqulunqwa kwe-hormone. Ukungabikho kwesifo se-somatotropin kunokudibaniswa nesifo esibuhlungu, ukuxinezeleka okude. Ukuba i-endocrinologist ibone ukusilela kwe-hormone yokukhula, i-hormone yonyango yokuguqula iyadingeka. Ngoku kukho amaziko endocrinological apho i-genotrophin kunye nezinye iziyobisi zisetyenziselwa iilenki - i-hormone yokukhula yabantu.
Inyaniso yokuba abantwana bayakhula ephupheni yinyaniso enokwenzululwazi. I-Somatotropin ininzi idityaniswe kwigazi ebusuku, xa umntwana eselala ngokulala. Ukuphuhliswa kwayo kuyahluma emini, kufinyelele kwiqondo eliphezulu ebusuku, ngakumbi emva kweeyure eziyi-1-1,5 emva kokulala. Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba umntwana ugcine ubumbano obuthongo kwaye akaphuli i-biorhythms ye-hormonal secretion. Ngoko ke, ukuthumela indlalifa kwicala kubalulekile kungekudala nge-22: 00. Ngentsasa imvana inokukuxelela: kodwa ndiza ephupha namhlanje. Uthiza - kuthetha ukuba ukhula, bathi kumaxesha amandulo. Kholelwa: ngelinye ilanga umntwana wakho uya kuba ngumntu omkhulu!
Kwaye impumlo ikhula
Kukho ubungqina bokuba umntu uyaqhubeka ekhula nangemva kweminyaka engama-25 aze afumane ukukhula okuphezulu malunga nama-35-40 ubudala. Emva koko, yonke iminyaka elishumi iya kuba ngezantsi malunga ne-12 mm. Isizathu sokungcoliswa kwe-cartilage kumalungu kunye nomgudu njengeminyaka. Iimpumlo kunye ne-lobes zeendlebe ziyingxenye kuphela zomzimba womntu oqhubeka ukhula ebomini bakhe. Emva kweminyaka engama-30, impumlo ikhula malunga ne-5 mm, kwaye ukuba umntu uhlala kwiminyaka eyi-97, iyanweba ngentimitha.