Kodwa, njengokuba uyazi, umtsha osandul 'umdla unomdla kwizinto ezichaphazelekayo. Ngoko masiqonde kunye naluphi uhlobo "lwamanqaku" olufakwe kwizibhedlele zokubeletha kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa? Isiqendu se-Apgar yitheyibhile ekhethekileyo yokuhlola imeko yomntwana kwimini yokuqala yokuphila. Le ndlela ngokwayo iphakanyiswe ngudokotela waseMerika-anesthesiologist uVirginia Apgar ngo-1952. Kwakujoliswe kubasebenzi bezonyango basezingeni eliphakathi ukuba baphuthumele ngokukhawuleza ukuba umntwana oza kuzalwa unikwe ingqalelo engakumbi. Ukususela kumgangatho we-Apgar unenjongo enobulungisa, le ndlela iqhubeka isebenza ngeenjongo ezifanayo kule mihla. Ivumela oogqirha ukuba benze iinkqubo zonyango ngokukhawuleza ngexesha, eziyimfuneko kwintsana ethile. Kwinqanaba le-Apgar, ukuphakama nobukhulu akunzima ukuvavanya, kubaluleke kakhulu - ngokuchanekileyo.
Iimeko zempilo yengane zihlolwe zizikhombisi ezinhlanu:
♦ ukuphefumula;
♦ iindwendwe;
♦ Iphutha lesisindo;
♦ iingcamango;
♦ umbala wesikhumba.
Azikho iimvavanyo ezizodwa kunye nezifundo eziqhutyelwa kwigumbi lokunikezela: i-neonatologist, isebenzisa kuphela iingqondo zakhe kunye ne-phonendoscope, ihlola kwaye iphulaphule umntwana kwaye nganye yezibonakaliso ibonisa i-0.1 okanye-2 amanqaku. Amanqaku aphezulu angama-10. Amanqaku amanqaku afunyenwe kabini: kwiminithi yokuqala kunye yesihlanu yobomi bentsana. Ngoko ke, uqikelelo luhlala lubini: umzekelo, iiplani eziyi-8/9. Ngexesha elifanayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuya kumzuzu wesihlanu umntwana unika ngokuqinisekileyo amanqaku angama-1-2. Qaphela ukuba iingongoma ezili-10 zamabantwana zanamhlanje ziqabile: indawo engalungileyo yinto yokugweba, kwaye oogqirha baqaphele. Uninzi lwabantwana lunokuzuza kwiingongoma ezi-7 ukuya kwezi-10, kwaye esi siphumo sithathwa njengesilungileyo. Abantwana abanjalo ngqo kwigumbi lokuhambisa kufuneka baqhotyoshelwe kwingxama kamama, kwaye kwixesha elizayo badinga ukunakekelwa rhoqo. Imeko yomntwana ofumana amanqaku ama-5-6 kuthathwa njengelwanelisayo, kodwa ifuna unyango. Ewe, abo bantwana bafumene iingongoma ezi-4 okanye uncedo olungaphantsi lwezonyango oluphuthumayo ukukhusela ukuphuhliswa kwezifo ezinzulu baze bagcine ubomi babo.
Uthando luyenza imimangaliso yangempela
Ekukhutshweni, umgangatho we-Apgar kufuneka ubekwe ekhadini lokutshintshana lomntwana, okumele linikezelwe kwinqanaba labantwana besithili sepolyclinic. Ewe, amanqaku aphantsi ngumqondiso ugqirha: aba bantwana baya kufuna ukuvavanywa kwezilwanyana ezisekufutshane nakubantwana besibini, mhlawumbi, i-neurologist, i-cardiologist, ugqirha wezilwanyana kunye nodokotela we-ophthalmologist. Ngelishwa, abantwana abafumana amanqaku aphantsi banokuba neengxaki ezithile kwimpilo yabo. Ngoko ke, umsebenzi wabazali kukuzalisekisa konke ukuqeshwa kwabasebenzi. Ngelo xesha, akukho mfuneko yokuxhalabisa kakhulu: isixa sama-Apgar asikho konke uvavanyo lophuhliso kunye nemeko yomntwana ngokubanzi kwaye ngokuqinisekileyo akuyivavanyo lokukwazi kwakhe ukuqonda. Njengoko umendo omde ubonisa, abantwana abanamaqondo aphantsi ku-Apgar bafumana ngokukhawuleza ukuba bafumane ubisi lobamama, ukunakekelwa okunyameko kunye nokunyamezela. Ayikho imfihlelo yokuba izilwanyana zothando lomzali zinqobe naziphi na izifo. Ukunyamekela kwabazali, ingqalelo, uthando luya kuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba abe neempilweni kwaye uphume amanqaku aphezulu kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni eboniswe kwiholo lokhokho. Ngendlela, kwinqanaba elithile lokuzivocavoca, abantwana abaneengxaki ezahlukeneyo zokufunda i-Apgar (kukho "inkwenkwe eyisibhozo", kukho "troeshnik"). Kodwa utitshala uthi kule klasi ngokuqinisekileyo bonke abafundi bayakwazi, baphumelele kwaye ngamnye unet talente ngendlela yakhe!