Kuthe ukususela kwiminyaka eyi-10 amantombazana aqala ixesha lokwakheka ngokwesini, ngelixesha apho intuthuko yentombazana yomzimba kunye nezocansi zenzeka khona. Sekuneminyaka eyi-18-20 le ntombazana ifikelele ngokupheleleyo kwisondo, ukukhula komzimba kunye nentlalo kwaye ikulungele ukufezekiswa komsebenzi wokuzala. Njengomthetho, ekuqaleni kweli xesha, utshintsho lwe-hormones kumantombazana kwiminyaka eyi-10 luqala ukusebenza, oluchaphazela utshintsho oluninzi emzimbeni weselula.
Iinguqu zeHormon
Ngoko, ngokuphathelele utshintsho lwe-hormones kumantombazana kwiminyaka eyi-10, ngoko ngeli thuba kukho utshintsho olubonakalayo ekusebenzeni komzimba. Ngaloo ndlela, umzekelo, ii-ovaries zamantombazana kwixesha eliqeshwe (eli xesha, isigaba sokuqala esilula kunye neminyaka eyi-10-13 kwaye kubangelwa ukusekwa komjikelezo wemihla ngemihla kunye nokwandiswa kwemveliso ye-estrogen kuma-ovari) phantsi kolawulo oluqhubekayo lujolise ekukhutsheni inani elincinane le-hormone estrogen, kunceda hypothalamus (inxalenye yengqondo). Oku kwenzeka nge-"feedback" kwinkqubo kwaye ikuvumela ukuba unike inkxaso ngenkxaso ye-hormone kwinqanaba elithile nelo xesha. Kodwa ngexesha lokuhlelwa kabusha komzimba kunye nexesha lokukhulelwa, "ukulungiswa" kweenguqu ze-hypothalamus kwaye ngokumalunga nalokhu kukho ukwanda okwenyukayo kwi-estrogen ngama-ovari, okukhokelela ekuxininiseni kwe-hormone egazini. Ngokumalunga nale nkqubo, kwamanye amantombazana, isisindo esipheleleyo somzimba sinokunyuka kakhulu.
Kwakhona ngeli xesha, utshintsho lwe-hormone alukho kuphela kwinqanaba lokunyuka kwamaxabiso e-estrogens ajikeleza kwigazi, kodwa ngokuhamba kwexesha, kukho utshintsho kwimveliso yeprogesterone eyenziwa ngama-ovari ngexesha elithile emva kwe-ovulation. Zonke ezi tshintsho zichaphazela kakhulu ininzi yeenkqubo zentombazana kwaye ngenxa yoko zikhokelela kwiinguqu ezahlukeneyo zenguqu.
La ma ntombazana aneminyaka engama-10 anomxholo omninzi weoli, ahlala ehleka emva koontanga lwabo malunga nexesha lokuqalisa ukukhulelwa. Okokuqala, oku kubangelwa kukuba inani leminqamlezo emzimbeni wentombazana lihambelana ngokukodwa nokuveliswa kwamahomoni.
Ngendlela, i-hormone, njengomthetho, inxulumene nezesondo zesini kunye ne-androgens kunye nexabiso elincinci le-testosterone, libuye lifane nomzimba weentombazana, kodwa zikhona kuyo kwiiklasi ezibalulekanga. Ezi hormone zenza imisebenzi enentsingiselo. Ngoko, umzekelo, banoxanduva lokukhula kweenwele emzimbeni.
Ukunyuka kwama-Hormonal kunye nokwanda kwinqanaba lalo ntombazana ngexesha lokwakheka kwezesondo kunokubangelwa utshintsho oluneemeko zengqondo yomntwana, umzekelo, ukuhluka kweemvakalelo, ukuguquka kwemizwa rhoqo, ukukhathazeka rhoqo kunye nokuxhalabisa.
I-hormonal spike kunye nezinguquko zomzimba
Kwinqanaba lokuqala lokukhulelwa, ukukhula okunzulu kwamaqanda kunye nezinye izitho zokuzala zangaphakathi ziqala. Iimveliso zizenzekile, ngeli thuba zithatha inqanaba lomsebenzi wazo.
Impembelelo yamanqatha omzimba ekutshintsheni okutshatyalaliswayo kuqala: kumantombazana obunobunzima bokubeleka kubunzima kakhulu ngaphambili, kunye namantombazana amancinci anamaqabunga anesisindo esiphantsi kukho ukulibaziseka kwiinguqu zomzimba emzimbeni.
Njengomphumo wokwanda kwama-hormone emzimbeni, intombazana iqala ukufumana iifom zezilwanyana: i-mammary gland yanda, ilizwi liyancipha, iinwele ze-pubic ziqala ukuvela. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuvela kweempawu zesini zesibini. Emva koko, kukho ukukhawuleza kokukhawuleza kokukhula, okukhuthaza ukunyuka kwinqanaba le-hormone yesondo, ukukhula kwehomoni kunye nenye into ebalulekileyo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-insulin-efana nokukhula kwe-I. Ichanekileyo kwesi sizathu sokuba kwixesha elisusela kwiminyaka eyi-10 ukuya kwe-12, amantombazana anokukhula okuphakamileyo kakhulu oontanga bamakhwenkwe, kwaye emva kwayo yonke into ephosakeleyo i-hormones esebenzayo ehamba kunye nayo yonke ixesha lokutshatyalaliswa kwamantombazana.