Amanqanaba okumisa
Musa ukuthatha isigxina njengesifo, kuba le yendalo yenkqubo yendalo, yendalo yonke intokazi. NgesiGrike, ukunyuka kwesikhashana kuthetha "i-ladder", kwaye nakhu "amanyathelo" alo:
I-Premopopause: umjikelezo awunqamlekanga, kukho ingxaki: xa kukho i-estrogens ezaneleyo, kunye ne-gestagen-engenako ukufutshane. Kwaye ngokuhambelana nomjikelezo, ukulinganiswa kwezi hormone kufuneka kube kwinqanaba elithile.
Ukunquma kwexesha. Iyakwazi kuphela ukumiselwa emva kwe nyaniso. Eli lixesha apho ukuhamba kwelanga kungekho kunyaka (oku kuthetha ukuba izinga le-hormones yesini emzimbeni liwile ngangokunokwenzeka).
I-postopause-post - ivela emva konyaka emva kokuya esikhathini. Eli xesha lexesha lokumelana nomzimba lingabalwa ukusuka kwiziphumo zeemvavanyo, oko kukuthi, xa i-hormone gonadotropin yehla, kwaye xa i-estradiol ingaphantsi kwe-30 pg / ml. Unokujonga kwakhona ukutshatyalaliswa kobugqwetha ngeendlela ezizodwa zemvavanyo ze-AMN - kwi-hormone yokulwa ne-Muller.
Kukho imigaqo ethile yezokwelapha malunga nokuqala kokuphuma kwesigxina: ukuba i-menopause yenzeka ngaphambi kokuba uneminyaka engama-40-i-climax ngaphambi kwexesha, ngo-40-44-ekuqaleni, ukususela kwiminyaka engama-45 ukuya kuma-52.
Impendulo yomzimba ekupheleni komntu
Ukuphendula komzimba wesifazane kwimeko engafanelekiyo yokutshintsha ubudala kunokusinakulinganiswa: umntu ngokwenene akanandaba ne-climax - inhlalakahle inokuba yinto enhle kwaye umfazi unokuphefumula ngoxolo lwengqondo ukuba "iiholide" zenyanga ziphelile. Kukho manani abafazi abalishumi elinanye abaphakathi kwala manqabileyo. Kwaye umntu ufumana "ikwindla" ngokugcwele: ukutshisa okutshatyalaliswa rhoqo, iintloko ezinzima, ukukhathala, ukunyuka ukujuluka, ukulala kakhulu, kunye nokunyamezeleka kwangempela ... malunga ne-10% yabasetyhini baziva kakubi ukuba bafuna ukukhululwa emsebenzini (oku kuthiwa yi-pathological menopause).
Isizathu esibalulekileyo kuzo zonke iintlobo zeengxaki ze "ekwindla" yowesifazane yitshintsho kwimvelaphi ye-hormonal. Emva koko, amahomoni amabhinqa awalawula kuphela inkqubo yokuzala, kodwa kunye nezinye izitho kunye nezicubu ezibalulekileyo. Ngokomzekelo, unempembelelo kwesikhumba kunye ne-membrane ye-mucous, ngaphezu koko, i-hormone yesondo ichaphazela ngqo inkqubo yentsholongwane yowesifazane, ngoko ngexesha lokumisa isikhashana, ukungaxakali kunye nokukhathazeka kungavela. Ukongezelela, ukungabikho kwe-hormone yesini esetyhini kunokubangela ukuba i-osteoporosis (i-bone mass) isifo se-cardiovascular disease (ukuqokelela i-lipids eziyingozi, ukugubungqa iindonga zemithambo yegazi).
Unyango lwemiphumo yokumisa umva
Ukuba usebenza kwiingcali ezahlukeneyo ezineempawu ezahlukileyo - ukuqeshwa kwabaninzi abanakukunqandwa (kwaye ezinye iziyobisi ziphikisana omnye nomnye, oluyinkimbinkimbi imeko). Isisombululo esona siphumo senkqubela yexesha lokutshintsha i-hormone yonyango yokuguqula (HRT), eyenzelwe ukutshintsha i-hormone ye-estrogen engenakho emzimbeni wesifazane. Umsebenzi we-HRT kumazwe aseNtshona Yurophu kunye ne-United States ineembali eqinileyo kunye nempumelelo efana nayo. Phantse umfazi wesibini ofumana ukuphuma kwindoda ufumana ukuqeshwa kwe-HRT. Imeko elizweni lethu lihluke ngokuthethileyo - "inqabileyo" ethandwayo kuyo nayiphi na inyango ye-hormone ifuthe. Nangona kunjalo, i-HRT ehlelwe ngokufanelekileyo ingagqithisi nje yonke imiba ecasulayo yexesha elidlulileyo, kodwa iyanciphisa kakhulu umngcipheko wokuphuhlisa izifo ezithile ekuguga, njenge-coronary disease okanye i-osteoporosis, kwaye ikhusela ukuguga ngokukhawuleza kwesikhumba, ukubuyisela i-collagen fibers kwiiseli, ngokutsho kwezifundo ezithile I-HRT inokunyusa izinga lokuphila iminyaka eli-10. Kodwa isisombululo esikhulu sokunyuka ngokweqile, apho abaninzi besifazane bethu besaba, ukwelashwa kwamahomoni akuncedi.
Nangona kunjalo i-HRT ayilona i-panacea, ikwachasene nayo:
- izifo eziphilayo (nakwimbali yosapho);
- ukuhlaselwa kwesifo senhliziyo;
- thrombophlebitis;
- umonakalo omkhulu wesibindi.
Olunye uhlobo lwee-hormone yimiyeza ye-homeopathic engasetyenziselwa imiphumo emibi kakhulu yokunyuka kwesisu, kunye nokuzivocavoca umzimba, ukutya okunokulinganisela okucebile kwi-calcium kunye nemvelo yemvelo ye-hormone yesini (ngokwesibonelo, soya).
Ezinye iinkolelo malunga nokunquma kwesisu
- Unokuyeka ukusebenzisa i-contraceptives ngokukhawuleza kokuba isisemiso siyekile. Enyanisweni, omdala ibhinqa, ithuba elingaphantsi liza kukhulelwa, kuba ngokukhula komsebenzi wokubeletha ngokukhawuleza kuphelelwa yinto, kodwa ayinakunyuswa ngokupheleleyo. Isikhuselo sinokushiywa kuphela ngexesha le-postmenopousal, elenzeka emva kweenyanga ezili-12 emva kokugqibela kokuya esikhathini.
- Isiqhamo sinokulibaziseka xa ubeletha kufuphi neminyaka engama-40. Siphuthuma ukukuphikisa, ukuzalwa ngokukhawuleza akuqinisekisi ukuba kuphelile. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyamekela umntwana kunokushenxisa zonke ezinye iingxaki ezixinzelelekileyo kwimvelaphi, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba isiqhwaba siya kudlula ngokungaqondakali.
- Ukuqeda i-Menopause yinkinga echaphazelekayo kuphela ngabafazi. Akunjalo. Xa uneminyaka yobudala, utshintsho lwama-hormones emzimbeni luvela kubini ngesini. Enyanisweni, kumadoda, ukulungiswa kwakhona komzimba kwenzeka kamva kwaye kungenakwenzeka ngokucacileyo.