Uviwo lodibeneyo
Kuviwo lwekliniki ngenxa yentlungu ebudityanisiweyo, ugqirha uvavanya indlela kunye nesimo sesigxina, umthamo we-hip, imeko yepliteal ligament kunye nemisipha yomlenze, ubhala ubukho bobomvu, umkhuhlane wendawo, okanye ukuvuvukala; Uhlalutya umvuzo wesigulane (ukuba unokuhamba), uthelekisa ubude bemilenze. Emva koko ugqirha uvavanya ubuninzi beentshukumo ezihambayo kunye nokuzinza kwazo. Kwixesha elizayo, kuxhomekeke kumhlobo wonakalo, i-X-ray kunye neendlela zokugqirha zisetyenziswa.
Iimpawu zohlobo
Iimpawu eziphambili zokulimala kwamadolo zibuhlungu kunye nokuvuvukala. Kwezinye iimeko, ulusu lubonisa ukunyuka kunye nokubomvu. Ngentsimbi, ukuthuthwa kwethambo kungafunyanwa, kunye nokungazinzi okanye ukungenakwenzeka kokunyusa okupheleleyo. Ezinye izibonakaliso zekliniki zingabonisa inkqubo engapheliyo eyandulela i-trauma. Ngokomzekelo, ukukhubazeka kwe-X kunye ne-O ezinemizimba, iingxube ezidlulayo zamadolo ziyabonakala kwiintlungu zokukhula, i-arthritis, i-poliomyelitis okanye i-rickets.
• Ngokukhawuleza amaxolo axolokileyo aphumele ngexesha lemidlalo, njengokuba udlala ibhola. Ukulimala okuqhelekileyo kunamaqhekeza, ukutshatyalaliswa kwethambo, i-ligament rupture kunye nokulimala kwamadoda. Ngokuqhelekileyo, izigulane emva kokulimala kwamadolo ziyangeniswa kwigumbi lokuxakeka kunye nokuvuvukala kwebhegi edibeneyo, umonakalo we-meniscus kunye nokuphulwa kwegament. Ugqirha wenza uhlolo olulandelelanayo lwamadolo kwindawo yesigulane esilala ngasemva kwakhe. Ukuchonga imbangela yentlungu kunye nokuvavanya umthamo wokunyakaza kwi-joint joint, kusetshenziswe iimvavanyo ezizodwa.
Uhlolo
Uviwo lwamadolo luqala ngokuhlolwa. Ubomvu kunye nokuvuvukala kokubambisana kubonisa ubukho bomsindo obunzima. Kwakhona, ingqalelo kufuneka ihlawulwe kwi-deformation kunye nokuhlanganiswa kwezicubu.
Udidi
Ngelibilini kunokwenzeka ukufumanisa ubukho be-edema (ukuqokelela kwamanzi kwiimpawu zangaphandle). Ukuvuvukala nayiphina imvelaphi kubonisa umonakalo odibeneyo kwaye kudinga ukuhlolwa okupheleleyo.
Uvavanyo lweLachmann
Ukuzinza kwamadolo okuxhamla kunikezelwa ngamagqabantshintshi. Uvavanyo luka-Lahman lwangaphambili nangemva kwemboniso lubonisa iintlungu ze-front and posterior cruciate ligaments, ngokulandelanayo.
Uvavanyo lweMcMurray
Uvavanyo lukaMcMurray lubonisa ikhefu kwi-meniscus. Ugqirha ujikeleza ngaphezu kwe-tibia enxulumene ne-hip kwaye ngokukhawuleza unganqabile emadolweni. Ukuba i-meniscus yonakaliswe, intlungu ivela.
Ukwandiswa
Umlinganiselo wokunyusa osebenzayo kunye noqhagamshelwano oludityanisiweyo kwi-knee joint uhlolwa. Ukuthintela kwevolumu yokunyakaza kubonisa ukukhutshwa kwamadolo kunye okanye ubuthathaka be-quadriceps muscle.
Ukubopha
Ukuqokelelwa kwexesha elide kukhokelela ekunciphiseni kwintembeko yokuhamba kwendoda emxolweni. Ukulimala kwimizila engqongileyo kunokufunyanwa ngokuchukumisa idolo elihlangeneyo ngama-degrees angama-30 kunye nokongezwa okulandelayo.
Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray
Uvavanyo lwe-X-ray lungabonisa iintlobo, umzekelo, ukuchithwa kwe patellar, ukuchithwa kwamathambo kunye ne-arthritis. Ukongezelela kumgangatho ophezulu (i-anteroposterior and lateral), izixhobo ezizodwa ezongezelelweyo zingasetyenziswa.
Ukuhamba
I-synovial fluid iyahlolwa ukuze ihlolwe ngamadolo. Ukugqithwa kwamadolo ehlangene kwenziwa ngoncedo lwenaliti ekhethekileyo, efakwe kwisigxina se-articular ngokugqitywa kwesikhumba. Ukuba idilesi yomonakalo emadolweni ayinakukwazi ukumiselwa ngophando lweemvavanyo, iindlela ezongeziweyo zisetyenzisiweyo: Ukuhlolwa kwe-arthroscopy kwidolo ngokuguqula isicatshulwa esikhethekileyo. Ivumela ukufumana ukukhwabanisa kwamadoda kunye nobukho bemibutho yamahhala edibeneyo kwisigxina. Ngoncedo lwe-arthroscope, kunokwenzeka ukususa izidumbu zamahhala kunye nokubuyisela ubungqina be-menisci. I-MRI (imagination magontic resonance imaging) iyakwazi ukubona ukulimala kwezicubu ezithambileyo zomdibaniselwano kwaye ziqinisekise ukuxilongwa.