Iphela phi igazi?
Wonke umntu uyazi kakuhle inkqubo yokujikeleza: "iipilisi" zamadamitha ahlukeneyo, apho intliziyo iqhuma igazi-i-oxygen, ihambisa i-oksijeni kuzo zonke iindawo zomzimba ngokuphefumla kunye nezondlo .... Ewe, kuthatha yonke i-muck, njengoko uyaziyo, buyela egazini, ongayifuni ukuthetha ngayo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba ucinga kanzima ngendlela oku kwenzeka ngayo ekwenzeni, kuyacaca ukuba akukho "nxalenye yomzimba" enkulu okanye, ukuba yinto echanekileyo, i-akhawunti encinci, kodwa kukho iisethi ezahlukeneyo zeeseli ezincinci ngaphakathi kuzo zonke ezi nkqubo eziphambili zokuphefumula ezenzekayo ukunikezelwa kwamandla. Iselinye ngasinye sijikelezwe igobolondo evaliweyo, akukho "umlomo" kwaye, siyaxolisa, akukho mvula yokuvula. Izinto zokutshintsha ngegazi kunye neseli? Ngowe-1661 isazi senzululwazi waseNtaliyane uMalpighi wathola "isibini", njengoko kwakuyimfihlo, inkqubo yokujikeleza.
Ngokuphathelele ukuphulwa kwe-microcirculation emzimbeni womntu uthetha ngentsholongwane ngokutsha ngenxa yokudakalisa kwendalo, ukunyuka kwengcinezelo kunye ngexesha elifanayo - abantu abanomnqweno wokuvuselela kunye nokwandisa isigaba esisebenzayo sobomi. Abo bangenayo imfundo yezokwelapha, ngokuqhelekileyo bakholelwa ngokugqithiseleyo ukuba ukuphazamiseka kwe-microcirculation igama lenzululwazi yesifo senhliziyo. Enyanisweni, oku kuphazamiseka ngokupheleleyo kwenkqubo yomzimba eyahlukileyo.
Imithambo yegazi , njengoko iyaziwa, kwiisisu zomzimba zesebe apho kukho iinqanawa ezincinane kunazo zonke isebe kwii-capillari ezincinci kwaye apho inkqubo yokujikeleza esaziyo iya kuphela kwaye inkqubo ehluke ngokupheleleyo yegazi iqala ukuqala, apho imithetho ye-hydrostatics kunye ne-hydrodynamics ihluke kakhulu kuneemibhobho eziqhelekileyo kunye emithanjeni. Apha, zonke iinkqubo sele sele ziphantse kumgangatho wee molecular, kuba iseli enye yegazi ingadlula i-lumil capillary, kunye ne-erythrocytes (i-oxygen carrier) kufuneka 'idibanise' nzima. Ngoko apha asijonganga nento engokwemvelo, igazi-mali, kodwa kunye neeseli kunye namalekyuli.
Isisitshixo samandla angunaphakade
Kusuka kwinto ekhankanywe ngasentla kuyacaca ukuba nangentliziyo esebenzayo kunye nentsebenziswano yegazi ngeemida zegazi kwi-microcirculation system, ngenxa yezizathu ezahlukahlukeneyo ezinokubakho ukuphazamiseka, ngokuqhelekileyo zide zingabonakali. Ukuphulwa kwe-microcirculation kunye namazwe abizwa xa kuphela ama-capillari achaphazelekayo, kwaye kunye neenqanawa ezinkulu yonke into ilandelwe. Ezi zinto zibizwa ngokuba yi-ischemic, kwaye ekugqibeleni zikhokelela eku: ubuthathaka, ukukhathala, ukunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle, iingxaki zengqondo, kunye nezifo ezahlukahlukeneyo zezitho, ezazininzi "ezidumileyo" zazo zi-angina pectoris nabanye.
Icandelo elikhawulezayo
Kukho iimeko apho iimeko ezingabonakaliyo ezinobunzima be-microcirculation, ngokuchaseneyo, zibonakala. Ngamanye amaxesha oku kuyindlela yokuzikhusela yomzimba, ekuncedeni ukujamelana neengxaki, ngamanye amaxesha-imeko yingozi kwimpilo nangobomi.
Ukulimala. Ngamnye wethu uyazi kakuhle indlela ekhangeleka ngayo: okokuqala ukulimala kuyaguquka - i-vasoconstrictor neerves. Emva koko kukho i-erythema - iyakubonakalisa i-capillaries kunye neempahla ezincinci, ukuhamba kwegazi kukhawuleza. Inxalenye yamanzi egazini igqithisa ngokukhawuleza kwisithuba se-intercellular, kukho ukuvuvukala, kunye negazi likhula kwaye liqala ukudibanisa, i-microthrombi yenziwa - ekugqibeleni, ukuhamba kwegazi kumbhede we-microcirculatory. Kungenxa yoko, intlungu yokuphosa ivela.
Ukungabi namandla. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-microcirculation kubonwa njengesizathu seengxaki ze-erectile kumadoda.
Ukutshitshiswa . Isimo esinzima kakhulu xa i-microcirculation kuzo zonke izitho zangaphakathi ziphazamiseka kwangoko. Inkqubo yokujikeleza ingakwazi ukubonelela ngeenkonzo ezaneleyo kunye nezicubu kunye ne-oksijeni kunye nezondlo (emva koxinzelelo, ukunyamezela, ukusuleleka, ukutshisa okukhulu, ukulahleka kwegazi). Okokuqala, ukuphuma kwenhliziyo kuyancipha, kwaye ukwenzela ukulawula ukuwa kweengcinezelo zengcinezelo, imithwalo yegazi iqhubisana ngokukhawuleza, emva koko ukuphuma kwegazi kwi-capillaries kwangoko kwancipha, i-microthrombi yenziwe. Emva koko kukho i-stagnation enkulu yegazi kwi-capillaries, iinkqubo zokuqhaqhaqhaqhaqala ziqala ukubandezeleka, iimveliso ezinobuthi ezinobuthi ziqokelelwa kwiiseli, ekuphenduleni oku kuza ukukhubazeka kwamaplasilla: baqala ukugeleza amanzi, njengesihlunu, kunye ne-plasma yegazi iya kwiifom. Ngako oko, igazi ngaphakathi kweempahla liba ngaphantsi kwaye intliziyo ngoku ayinanto yokupompa. Umkhiqizo we-cardiac wehla ngakumbi - ipholile enobuqhophololo ivaliwe. Ngenxa yoko ukubonakalisa ukwethuka: ubuthakathaka, ukuvimbela isithintelo - ngokukhawuleza, ukuwa kwexinzelelo lwegazi ka-80/25 mm Hg. Ubugcisa. nangaphantsi, ulusu lubandayo, lube luhlaza-grey, ngamanye amaxesha luhlaza, lukhuni ngenxa yobunzima begazi kwi-capillaries, umtshini ofana nentambo. Kwizintso, ukukhutshwa komchamo ukuyeka, kwisibindi - ukuqhutyelwa kwezinto ezinobungozi, kwimiphunga - ukuphefumula ngokuqhelekileyo: ukutyhefuza kubakho.
Ukuphupha. Apha, ukuphazamiseka kwezinto ezincinci kwiimpahla zelanga kweso akuyona imbangela, kodwa umphumo wesifo sikashukela. Ukunciphisa umbono kuxhomekeke kwinqanaba lesifo sikashukela, ngokukhawuleza kuphelile kwaye akunakwenzeka ukunyanga, kodwa isifo sikashukela ngokwawo sinokuthintelwa.
Ngokwemvelo, loo meko ibonisa ingozi ebomini ebomini, ngoko ke, ekulwa nokutshutshiswa, ababuyiselwayo baphinda babuyisele i-microcirculation. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa: ukuhamba kwegazi entloko nasengqondweni. Umqubo ususwe phantsi kwentloko, ubeka phantsi kweenyawo-ngoko ukuhamba kwegazi kuya entloko kunye nengqondo kuphucula.
I-vasoconstrictors ezinamandla: ephedrine, epinephrine, norepinephrin. Kwindlela eqhelekileyo, ugqirha wanamhlanje akayi kubakhetha, asetyenziswa kuphela ekunakekeleni kakhulu. Benza ngokufutshane kwaye ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni.