Kanye kunye noogqirha besithandwa seTV, thina, sihleli phambi kweTV, senza imisebenzi elukhuni. Kodwa abantu abaninzi abanalwazi ukuba baphathe kakuhle njani isilonda kwaye basebenze ibhande elomeleleyo. Kodwa kunye nenani elikhulu leengxaki zobomi bemihla ngemihla, ngokwaneleyo ukwazi imithetho embalwa yonyango lokuqala, kwaye uxhobile ukulwa neentlungu zasemakhaya. Nangona ungaze ulahleke kwiimeko ezinjalo kwaye uhlale ukulungele ukukunceda ulutsha, zihlolisise: wenza konke okulungileyo.
Uncedo lokuqala xa kwenzeka ukulimala kunye nokuphulwa
Masiqale ngokuhlangana okulula kunye nokuqhelekileyo-ukubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala ngoncedo. Ngokuqhelekileyo asiyi kuphulaphula imivimbo - iya kuba yenzakalisa kwaye imise. Kulungile, siya kusebenzisa into ebandayo ebhukisayo. Nangona kunjalo, kwimeko xa ukubetheleka kwakunamandla kakhulu, kwavela ingqungquthela enkulu kwaye indawo ephosakeleyo yayiphuthuke kakhulu - qiniseka ukuba i-hematoma ayifuni. Kule meko, kucetyiswa ukuba udibane nodokotela. Ngaphandle koko, igazi kwiinqanawa ezincinci ezingonakalisiweyo zingahlaziywa kwakhona. Ngaphandle akuyi kujonga ubugcisa. Ukuba udibana nogqirha, uya kususa igazi kwiimfucu, uphonononge indawo yokulimala. Iimeko ezinzima kangaka, ngelanga Xa kunokwenzeka ukuba kube lula ukutshatyalaliswa, kuwanele ukufaka ubanda kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala, uze usebenzise ukushisa. Ukongezelela, ii-counters zokubala zineentsimbi ezahlukileyo ezaneleyo ukunceda ukunyunyuzwa kuhambe ngokukhawuleza.
Akunabo abantu abaninzi kwihlabathi eliye lalondolozwa kwiintlobo-imilenze, izandla, okanye ubuncinci ngomnwe. Nangona kunjalo, nangona abantu abaninzi bebazi ngamava abo bafumana ngayo, kuphela ngosizo lwe-X-ray unokukwazi ukwahlula ngokuchanekileyo isahluko sokuqhawula okanye ukulula. Kodwa kukho izibonakaliso ezibonakalayo kwi-fracture: ukulimaza kunye nefomati ifomu kwindawo yokulimala. Njengomthetho, iinzame zokuhambisa isalathiso asiniki iziphumo, kodwa kukho ukuhamba okungavamile kwindawo yokulimala. Imilenze kunye neengalo ziqala ukugoba kwiindawo ezingalindelekanga nakwiimeko ezingalindelekanga. Ngokungafani nokuqhekeka, umlo odibeneyo uphuhliswa ngexesha lokutshatyalaliswa. Ukuzama ukulungisa into enobungozi okanye umlenze owonakele awukwazi. Okokuqala, ungayifaka ixhoba kwisimo soxinzelelo olubuhlungu. Okwesibini, vula ukuqhekeka okuqhelekileyo kube yintlupheko. Uncedo lokuqala lwezokwelapha kukuqinisekisa ukungahambi ngokupheleleyo kwinqanaba elonakalisiweyo lomzimba. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa amabhanti kunye namathayi, ungasebenzisa iiplanga kunye nayiphi na impahla. Ishinning - kwintsimi yinto elula. Okwangoku, imithetho emininzi kufuneka ibonelelwe:
- Ivili lifakwa phezu kwezicathulo kunye neempahla, umntu onobungozi akafanele adibanise. Ukuba kukho ukukrokreka kokuvuleka okuvulekileyo okanye kukho esinye isilonda, nqunqa iingubo uze ufake i-bandiseptic bandage;
- Akunakwenzeka ukumisa amabhanti ngokuqinileyo xa isitya sisetyenzisiweyo - oku kuya kuphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi. Ukuba i-fracture ihambelana nokuphuma kwegazi, i-tourniquet isetyenziswe ngaphambi kokuqhawuka;
- Ihayi akufanele ibe mfutshane - kufuneka ulungise amacandelo amabini asondeleyo kwi-fracture.
- Ukuba akukho nto ikhona njengotshani, umlenze owonakele kufuneka uhlangane nomntu onempilo, kwaye ingalo kufuneka imiswe kwi-kerchief, yenza ikona kuyo. Kwimeko nayiphi na, nangona ungaqinisekanga ukuba usebenza ngokuqhekeza, kukulungele ukucwangcisa nokulungisa isahluko somzimba.
Ukubonelelwa ngoncedo lokuqala lwamanxeba
Ukuhlaselwa okwesibini ngokuqhelekileyo - zonke iintlobo zokucima. Oku kuquka ukuxubusha, amanxeba athatywayo kunye neengxaki ezifanayo. Okokuqala, kufuneka uqinisekise ukuba isilonda sihlambulukile. Ukuba kukho ukungcola kungena kuwo, kufuneka kuhlanjululwe ngamanzi abandayo. Imijikelo yesilonda (kodwa kuphela iimiba! Iodine kwilonda yinyama yokutshisa) kufuneka iphathwe nge-iodine okanye i-zelenka. Kwaye, ukuba ukuxubusha okanye ukusika kunkulu ngokwaneleyo, kwaye, ngokusobala, kuyimfuneko ukunyanzelisa i-seams, kungcono ukhethe i-iodine ukwenzela ukukhutshwa kwe-disinfection. Kule meko, ugqirha uya kuba ngcono ukubona imida yesilonda.
Ngalo naluphi umonakalo, ukuphuma kwamanzi kuvula, ngoko kufuneka uncedo lokuqala. Ngokuphuma kwintsholongwane yamancinci, isifo esihlala sisisigxina sekhaya, i-bandage ecocekileyo (kwaye, ngokukhethekileyo), okanye i-plaster, yanele. Into ephambili kukuba ukungcola akungena kwilonda. Musa ukwenza i-bandage ibe yomelele, iphulaphule ukujikeleza kwegazi, kodwa akufanele ifakwe. Ukusetyenziswa kwebhanji ngokuchanekileyo kuya kukhusela ekusulelekeni, kuthatha imfihlelo kwilonda kwaye kumise ukuphuma kwegazi.
Ukuba awugcini nje ukuziqhawula, kodwa ukulimaza umvini, kubi kakhulu, kodwa kungabhubhi. Into ephambili kukuba kuthathe amanyathelo ngexesha. Igazi kulo mzekelo liya kuphuma ukusuka kwilonda kunye nomlambo obomvu obomvu obufanayo. Ukumisa ukuphuma kwegazi, kuya kufuneka ukuba wenze ibhanki yokucinezelwa. Ukwenza oku, phezu kwamabhanki, umzekelo wokubhinqa, sebenzisa i-roller eqhotyoshelwe nge-gauze okanye i-handkerchief, yomeze okanye uyiqine ngokuqinile. I-bandage yoxinzelelo ingasetyenziswa kunye ne-capillary enamandla kunye nokuphuma kumathambo amancinci.
Ukuphuma kwegazi kuyingozi eyingozi kakhulu. Kule meko, igazi elibomvu libetha kwilonda kunye nomlambo ojikelezayo. Ukubonelela ngoncedo lwezonyango xa kukho umonakalo kumnatha ngokukhawuleza, kuba kunobungozi bokuba umntu uya kufa ngenxa yokulahlekelwa kwegazi. Ukumisa igazi, kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa i-tourniquet ngasentla kwisayithi yokulimala, kodwa ngokumalunga nesilonda kunokwenzeka. Ukuba awunalo ihashe ekhethekileyo yerabha kwikhabhinethi yakho yamayeza, iintambo ze-kapron zamantombazana okanye iisitokisi ziza kwenza lo msebenzi. Kubalulekile ukufakela umzobo ngokukodwa ukwenzela ukuyeka ukuphuma kwegazi, kungabi namandla kwaye ungabi buthathaka. Yaye ukhumbule ukuba emva kweyure kunye nesiqingatha - iiyure ezimbini (kwaye kubanda ngeyure kamva), i-tourniquet kufuneka isuswe ubuncinci ngomzuzu okanye ngomzuzu ukuphepha i-necrosis yezicubu. Emva koko unokuyisebenzisa kwakhona, kodwa ephakamileyo kuneyona yangaphambili. Nangona kunjalo, ngokuphala kwamanzi okunzima, oku kukhethwayo akufanele kwenziwe, kuba imizuzwana eyongezelelweyo ingadala ubomi bomntu.
Uncedo lokuqala xa unobungozi
Ngelishwa, ngamanye amaxesha abantu bayakulibala ukuba omnye umatshini kwimveliso, izixhobo ezibukhali eplasini zidinga ingqalelo ekhethekileyo ekujongeni. Kwaye ngamanye amaxesha umphumo wokunganakwa kungabinqumla inxalenye yomzimba: i-phalanx yomnwe, okanye nezandla okanye iinyawo. Ngeli nqanaba lanamachiza kunye nemisebenzi yokuhlinzwa, unokwaluhlula inxalenye yomzimba. Ukuze le nto ibe yinto enokwenzeka, uncedo lwezonyango kufuneka lunikezwe ngexesha. Okokuqala, simele senze i-ambulensi ngokukhawuleza. Okwesibini, khawuleza ubeke inxalenye yomzimba kwisikhwama seplastiki, uze ufake enye ingxowa, ngeqhwa. Geza isilonda ngamanzi abandayo kunye ne-bandage eqinile ngebhanki engafumba okanye ingubo. Ukuthotyelwa kwe-stiteness yokugqoka kungenziwa ngokufakela intsimbi ngesinyithi eshushu. Impumelelo eyongezelelweyo iya kuxhomekeka kwindlela okhawuleza ngayo ukuwela ezandleni ze-microsurgeons.
Kwiimeko apho isilonda singcolisiwe, umzekelo, ukuba wenzakaliswe, ukufakelwa intyatyambo okanye ukulahla imibhede, kungcono ukusebenzisa uqeqesho loogqirha. Kulo mhlaba kukho i-tetanus pathogen, kwaye omnye akufanele angayithinteli intshaba yalo mntu. Njengezilumkiso ezinqabileyo ngokupheleleyo, oogqirha bayacetyiswa ukuba baye kwigumbi lexakeka ngokukhawuleza kunyango lwegulane kunye ne-tetanus. Ekubeni esi sifo sinobungozi, nemiphumo emibi, kwaye unyango lunzima kakhulu. Kwimeko apho, sikhumbula ukuba i-harbingers of tetanus ngamanye amaxesha ibuhlungu buhlungu kwilonda kunye nokuxubha kweemisipha eziseduze.
Ukuba isilonda sakho sibangelwa ukulunywa kwesilwanyana (ingakumbi esingaqhelekanga), ngoko kufuneka ihlanjwe ngesepha kunye namanzi, ngokukhethekileyo kunye nesepha yasekhaya. I-alkali equlethwe kuyo ibulala amanxeba okubangela i-rabies. Esi sifo siyabulala kwaye asiphilwanga, ngoko ke kwiimeko ezinjalo kuyafaneleka ukuba uqhagamshelane negumbi lexakeka. Kwaza ugqirha uya kugqiba isigqibo sokuba ufuna ukugonywa.
Uncedo lokuqala lokutshisa
Yintoni etsha, mhlawumbi, akudingeki ukuba uchaze kunoma ubani. Kodwa imimiselo yonyango lokuqala lwezokwelapha liyakhumbula. Khumbula, ukucoca ukutshisa akuyona into oyifunayo, unokufumana ibakala lesi-II ukusuka kumonakalo we-tissue we-degree 1 (ubomvu nokuvuvukala okuncinci). Njengomgaqo, sisoloko sidibana nalezi zididi ezimbini kwimpilo yemihla ngemihla. Ngomlilo omncinane we-1 degree, ngokwaneleyo ukubamba inxalenye ethintekileyo yomzimba phantsi kwamanzi abandayo. Intlungu iya kunceda ukuzinzisa izikhumba ze-anesthetic nge-foam. Ungasebenzisa i-70% yotywala okanye i-cologne ngendawo enkulu yokutshisa. Indawo ebomvu kufuneka isuswe ngoboya bekotoni edibene kwenye yezi ziselo. Ungasebenzisa kakubi kakhulu ekupheleni kwevodka eqhelekileyo. Le ndlela inokukunceda ukuba usatshiswa elangeni.
Ukutshiswa kweyesibili kuya kuphathwa ngotywala. Emva koko, faka i-bandage eyinyumba phezulu. Akunjalo nantoni na eyenziwe ibhobho ayidingi ukubetha! Usulelo luya kwilonda. Ukuba ngelitshutshiso kufuneka ubhekane nokutshiswa kwe-III-IV degree, yazi ukuba uncedo lwakho lufanele lugqithwe kuphela ngokubiza "Usizo lokuqala" nokumisela ibhanti engumntu oyinyumba. Awukwazi ukukrazula izambatho eziqhotyoshelwe kuso kwilonda, zinokunqunyulwa kuphela kumda wokutshiswa. Ibhanji kufuneka isetyenziswe ngqo phezu kwabo.
Kwiimeko zokutshisa, musa ukulibala ukuba ubunzima beemeko ngqo kuxhomekeke kubukhulu bomhlaba obonakele bomzimba. Ngommandla omkhulu umonakalo, nayiphi na ukutshabalalisa kubangelwa izifo eziqhelekileyo-ukususela ekutshwenyekeni ukuya kutshatyalaliswa kwe-toxemia (ukutyhefuza umzimba kunye nemveliso ye-tissue decay).
Uncedo lokuqala xa kungenakukwazi
Kwiminyaka edluleyo yamantombazana kunye namakhosikazi avela kwihlabathi eliphezulu babethanda kakhulu ukuwela ekutyhafeni kuwo wonke amathuba. Ngoko ke, bahamba kunye nabo, kunye nazo zonke iinkcukacha ezifunekayo zamabhinqa, iibhotile ezinetyuwa. Thina, namhlanje, asikude sikhatywe, kwaye asinxibe i-corsets nokuba. Kodwa hayi, hayi, kwaye kwenzeka ukuba ubone indlela umama osemtsha ohlala ngayo emhlabeni. Okanye intombazana eye yenze isigqibo sokuzilamba, kodwa ayiqokeleli nayiphi na i-calories, ilahlekelwe yintliziyo.
Izizathu ezinokukhupha i syncope, kukho ubunzima. Oku kuguquka okubukhali ukusuka kwisimo esinqamlekileyo ukuya kutshintshi, ukubetheka kwentlungu, ubuhlungu obukhulu, ukonwaba ngogonyamelo, ukwesaba. Musa ukucinga ukuba ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo yinto engabalulekanga. Ngexesha lokuwa, unokufumana ukulimala okungafaniyo. Ukutshatyalaliswa ngokuqhelekileyo kuthatha enye ukuya kwemizuzu emibini. Ngeli xesha, kubalulekile ukuba nexesha lokubonelela ngoncedo lokuqala.
Umntu olahlekelwe ingqalelo kufuneka abekwe. Kuyacaca ukuba umnqweno wethu wokulungisa umntu ukhululekile, kodwa akukho nto yokuyibeka kule meko ayimfuneko. Ngokuchaseneyo, intloko kufuneka iphonswe emva. Kuya kuba luncedo kakhulu kummonia kwimeko enjalo. Inokuthi ithathe indawo yeviniga okanye i-cologne. Nika iphunga elingenalwazi loboya bekoton, ehambelana naliphi na le mali, u-oyile nge-whisky. Ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo kubangelwa ukunikezelwa kwegazi okwaneleyo kwingqondo. Ngoko ke, xa unika uncedo lwezonyango kumntu ophelelwe amandla, ukuze igazi liphakame entloko, kufuneka ukhulise imilenze yakho. Xa unobuthakathaka zonke izinto zokubamba ukuphefumula kunye nezibophelelo, ukusabalalisa bonke abanomdla, bahlanganiselwe ukuba bajonge ukuze bangaphazamisi ukufikelela kwomoya otsha. Esifubeni kunye nobuso kubalulekile ukubeka ithawula enziwe ngamanzi abandayo. Emva kokuba umntu abuyele ukuqonda, kuhle ukuba unike umntu ikhofi eqinile okanye itiye.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuba umnqweno omkhulu wokunceda ngokukhawuleza uncedo lokuqala lokulimala, kufuneka uqale ubize i-ambulensi okanye ubize ugqirha. Ngona uncedo lokuqala lwezokwelapha, into ephambili ayiyikulimaza ixhoba ngakumbi. Ngoko ke, ukuncedisa, omnye kufuneka aqiniseke ngokuchanekileyo kwezenzo zakhe kwaye angayisebenzisi ngempilo. Musa ukuqulunqa iindlela ezintsha ezingaziwayo kwisayensi.