Unonophelo lwezonyango zokulimala kwezemidlalo

Izindlela zokuvuselela umzimba ziyimpumelelo kakhulu ekuphatheni ukonakaliswa okwenziwe ngexesha lemidlalo. Umsebenzi wabo oyintloko ukubuyisela, nokugcina umsebenzi oqhelekileyo wenxalenye eyonakalisiweyo yomzimba. Abaninzi bethu bayazi umfanekiso onjalo: ngexesha lomdlalo webhola, ugqirha wezemidlalo uphuma entsimini kwaye uncedisa umdlali olimale ene siponji esiswini. Nangona kunjalo, amaninzi amanxeba ezemidlalo adinga inkqubo ephezulu ngakumbi yokwelashwa emva komdlalo. Ukunyamekelwa kwezonyango ukulimala kwezemidlalo kuyintloko yokupapashwa.

Ulwahlulo lokulimala

Ukuxhatshazwa kwezemidlalo kudlalwa kwiintlobo eziliqela, ngasinye sichaza i-subtypes, esoloko idityaniswa nemidlalo ethile okanye imisebenzi yomzimba. Ngaphandle kwezizahlukileyo, kwindlela yokwelashwa kweendlela ezingaqhelekanga ngayo, ezi zinto zilandelayo ziyabonakala:

• i-tendinitis kunye ne-tendosynovitis;

• i-bursitis;

• i-capsulitis;

• utywala;

• ukugqithisa, iinyembezi kunye nemisipha;

• Ukulimala kwi-groin;

• Isifo se-Osgood-Schlatter;

• ukulimala kwiigaments kunye neengqungquthela zedolo.

Unobungozi obuninzi kwimidlalo lunokuphetshwa ngokulandela imithetho elula.

• Ngokuqeqesha rhoqo, kufuneka uqhagamshelane neengcali kwiyeza lemidlalo ukufumana isicwangciso esiphezulu sokuzifudumala kunye nokugqibela kwemidlalo yalo mdlalo. Ezi zifundo kufuneka zenziwe ngaphambi nangemva komsebenzi ngamnye.

• Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba izicathulo zikhethwe ngokufanelekileyo kwaye zihambelana zombini kunye nomhlaba wendawo yokudlala. Ufanele alungise umlenze wakhe kakuhle.

• Ixesha elininzi elaneleyo kunye nexesha lokuphumla phakathi koqeqesho luyanciphisa amathuba okulimala. Ngokukodwa, oku kusebenza ukulimala okungapheliyo,

• Ukukhetha izicathulo ezifanelekileyo kubaluleke kakhulu. Kumele ihambelane nemidlalo kwaye iqinisekise ukulungiswa kakuhle kweenyawo kunye neenyawo, umzekelo, ukulungiswa ngokuqhelekileyo kwegigaments okanye imisipha. Ukuba ukulimala kwenzeka, i-rehabilitologist yezemidlalo yenza imilinganiselo yeendlela eziziwa kwihlabathi lezemidlalo - i-PLDP (uxolo, iqhwa, uxinzelelo, ukunyuka). Eli cwangciso ngumgangatho wokuncedisa okokuqala ukulimala kwezemidlalo kwaye isetyenziselwa ukuba kube nzima ukumala. Kwiiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala emva kokulimala, akukho namanye amanyathelo athatyathwa, ngaphandle kwe-ultrasound. Kukho iindlela ze-physiotherapeutic ezingasetyenziselwa ukuphatha ukulimala kwezemidlalo.

• I- Ultrasound

Amaza e-Ultrasonic aphucula inkqubo yokuphulukisa, ukukhawuleza (kunye nokunciphisa) impendulo yokuvuvukala, ekuncediseni ukuqeda i-toxins nokukhuthaza ukukhula kwamaseli amatsha. Ngenxa yezi mpawu, i-ultrasound isetyenziswa ngempumelelo kwi-physiotherapy.

Ukuzihlaziya

Ukusabalalisa kuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi, kukhawuleza ukupheliswa kwezinto ezinobuthi nge-lymphatic system, kunciphisa uxinzelelo lwentlungu kunye nentlungu, kukhuthaza ukuhlaziywa kwamacwecwe. Uphando lubonisa ukuba, nangona ukusilalisa kungabikho ukukhawuleza okukhulu kokuphulukiswa ngokwenyama kubantu abaqeqeshwe, kunemiphumo ephathekayo yengqondo.

Ukuzivocavoca

Ukuzivocavoca umzimba kuhlulwe ngamacandelo amabini: ukungahambi, apho ukunyuka kwilungu elonakalisiweyo okanye ngokubambisana kwenziwa ngaphandle kokuthatha inxaxheba ngokuthe tye kwesigulane, kwaye kusebenzayo, apho isigulane senza ukunyakaza kwedwa. Ukunyakaza okusebenzayo yi-isometric, apho inkontileka yemisipha, kodwa isigxina sisisigxina, okanye isahluko se-isotonic - imisipha yikhokelela ekuhambeni kwezitho. Uphulo luvame ukuqala ngokunyakaza okunyanzelekileyo. Kule meko, ugqirha unokukwazi ukuvavanya ukuphakama kwesigxina kunye nokufikelela kwizigqibo malunga nokuhlala kunye nobukhulu beentlungu kunye nokuxhatshazwa kwemisipha. Emva koko baqhubela phambili kwiimpawu ze-isometric ezisebenzayo ezikunceda ukugcina amandla omzimba kunye nokuphucula igazi kwiindawo ezichaphazelekayo, ukushiya idibeneyo echaphazelekayo. Ekupheleni kwenkqubo yokonyango, iimimulators zisetyenziselwa ukuphucula ukuqeqeshwa kwezemidlalo kunye noqeqesho lokunyamezela. Ekuhambeni kwenkqubo yokubuyiselwa, iisethi zokuzilolonga zichanekile ngokucacileyo kwiinqanaba zonyango zonyulwa. I-ultrasound ingasetyenziswa, umzekelo, ukunyanga i-hematoma kwintambo. Zijoliswe ekunciphiseni ukuxhatshazwa kwemisipha, ukwandisa ukunyaniseka kwezihlunu, iigaments and tendons kunye nokwakha amandla omzimba ukuze kulungelelaniswe nemithwalo ehambelana nemidlalo ethile.

• I- Thermotherapy

Emva kokupheliswa kwesibindi, isiphumo sokushisa singasetyenziselwa ukuphucula izihlunu, ukuphucula ukujikeleza kwegazi kwendawo kunye nokunciphisa intlungu ngaphambi kokuba kudibanise, kunye nokulungiselela unyango lomzimba. Izibane ezisetyenziswayo zifakela ukutshisa ama-tissue surface, kunye nezicubu ezinzulu (imisipha kunye namalungu). Ukongezelela, kunokwenzeka ukusebenzisa imida yokuphazamiseka kunye nokusetyenziswa kwee-electrodes ezikuloo ndawo eyonakalisiweyo. Okwangoku umbane ugqityiweyo phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini, ezibangela ukuhlaziywa kwezicubu, ukufudumala nokunciphisa intlungu. Ukubuyisela umthamo wokuhamba emva kokulimala, kusetyenziswe izixhobo ezahlukeneyo. Abanye babo banikezela ukuchasana okusemthethweni xa ukuhamba kwesitho.

Ukwelashwa kwela laser

Amagagasi anamandla aveliswa yi-laser enza kwiiscupu ezifana ne-ultrasound. Nangona kunjalo, intambo ye-laser ingajoliswa kwiisisifo ezichaphazelekayo ngokuchanekileyo ngakumbi kunokuba i-ultrasound. Ngako oko, unyango lwe-laser lukhethwayo kunyango lwe-ultrasound. Iimidlalo ezininzi ezithandwayo zidibene nomngcipheko wokulimala, njengokwenyuka kwamagundane okanye umxube we-muscle. Uninzi lwaloo nzakalo lunokuphulukiswa kakuhle kunyango ngeendlela zokuvuselela umzimba. Uninzi lwezihlunu ze-squelettie zixhomekeke emathanjeni ngamacala omabini ngoncedo lweetoni. Iitendon ziyimpahla yeefayili zethambo ezinamandla. Ngamanye amaxesha zijikelezwe igobolondo, ngaphakathi apho kukho uhlobo lwe-lubricant-synovial fluid.

Tendonitis

Ukuvuvukala kwethenda kubizwa ngokuba yi-tendinitis. Ukuba isisu se-synovial se-tendon siyabandakanyeka kwinkqubo, sithetha nge-tenosynovitis. Isizathu kubo ngokuqhelekileyo sinomthwalo ongaqhelekanga, ongalindelekanga okanye ophindaphindiwe ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwisisipha. Ezinye iithengoni zithinteka kakhulu kumonakalo:

• I-Tendonitis yesigxina esiphezulu. Ukuvuvukala kwetendon yesigxina esiphakamisayo kwisigxina sehlombe kuvela ngenxa yomthwalo ogqithiseleyo okanye ongaqhelekanga kwimisipha.

• "Elbow Tennis". Xa i-backhand ibetha, i-brush iyaphakanyiswa, kwaye amandla okubetha i-racket kunye nebhola idluliselwa ngamathambo e-extensor muscle apho idibene khona ne-humerus. Imithwalo engapheliyo iqhuba iinyembezi ezincinci kule ndawo. Iitendons zivutha kwaye ziba buhlungu.

• "I-elbow ye-golfer". Kule meko, izihlunu ze-forearm zihlupheka, kuqinisekiswe ukuhamba kweminwe neminwe.

• I-tenosynovitis eqhelekileyo. Ivela ngenxa yokuxinzelela kwiintlobo zeethambo ezidlulayo zesandla kunye neminwe. Umngcipheko woo monakalo ukhona kule midlalo ehambelana nokunyuka okuphindaphindiweyo kokuqhuma.

• I-tendonitis yomtya. Izintloko eziphezulu ze-quadriceps ebusweni bephambili kwintlambo zifakwe kwisikhumba segolo ngoncedo lwethenda enamandla. Isizathu se-tendonitis sinokudangalisa, ukucaphukiswa yiminyango ethile - umzekelo, ubukhali bukhupha kwi-support okanye kwi-jump.

Ukuvuvukala kwethenda ye-Achilles. Izizathu zalo zingabangela ukuxhatshazwa ngokugqithiseleyo kweengxube zethole, ukunweba ngokukhawuleza okanye ukuthatha izicathulo ezibi. Unyango lwaloo nxeba luquka isethi yamanyathelo ngokwefomula ye-PLLDP, i-ultrasound, i-exercising elula kunye nokuqiniswa kwemisipha.

• Ukunyangwa kwe "tennis elbow" kubandakanya lonke inxalenye yomzimba echaphazelekayo, ukuxilonga kunye nokuzilolonga ukulolonga ukudibanisa i-elbow joint. Ngaphambi kokuba uqale uqeqesho kwakhona, kufuneka uqhube uqeqesho olujoliswe ekuqiniseni izihlunu. Iibhonkxa zibizwa ngokuba zizikhwebu ezinamandla zezicubu ezinxibelelwano ezenza ukuzinzisa nokudibanisa amathambo kumalungu. Benza oko kuthiwa ngama-capsules malunga namaqela athile, kunye nokufana "kweebhonkco" ezungeze isandla kunye neenyawo, apho izihlunu, iintambo, iimvalo kunye nemigudu yegazi zidlula. Ukunikezelwa kwegazi kumigudu ayimpofu, ngoko iyakonakaliswa lula kwaye ibuyiselwe ngokukhawuleza emva koxinzelelo.

Ulwaphulo lwegigamente

Ngokuhamba ngokungaqhelekanga kokubambisana, kukho umngcipheko wokwelula okanye ukuphazamisa iigaments, ezihambelana nomda we-amplitude yokuhamba. Kwizemidlalo yezemidlalo, iindawo ezidlulayo zamadolo kunye namaqhosha angamaqaqa amaninzi ziqaphele. Naluphina uhambo olujikelezayo olujikelezayo lungakhokelela ekutheni ulandelelwano lwe-longitudinal okanye i-ligament eguquguqukayo yedolo, ehamba kunye nokuvuvukala nentlungu. Ngokuqhelekileyo amajoyina ehlangene ne-ankle aphethwe yizintlu, ingakumbi xa umdlalo udlulela kwindawo engalinganiyo. Umlenze kule ndawo ngokuqhelekileyo uguqulwa ngaphakathi, ngenxa yeziphumo ezintathu ezidibanisa i-tibia kunye neenyawo zoluliwe okanye zichithwe. Amagqabha ayavuba, zikhona iintlobo zeemisipha ezibamba iqhagamshelo, ezenza umlinganiselo wokuhamba. Unyango lubandakanya isethi yamanyathelo ekwifom ye-PLD, i-ultrasound, unyango lwe-laser kunye nokunyusa kwe-heat ngaphambi kokusebenzisa i-isometric, i-postural exercises, kunye nokuzivocavoca. Naluphina ulwaphulo olusisigxina lwe-muscle lungakhokelela kumonakalo kwiimbumba ze-muscle, ngokukodwa ngexesha lokuphambana kwazo. Umlinganiselo wonakalo unokwahluka: ukususela kwisilula esilula (esoloko sitsho ukuthi: "shenxise umsila") ukugqabhuka, kwaye kwezinye iimeko - kunye nokuhlutha kwemisipha. Iimisipha zemilenze zithintela kakhulu ukulimala okunjalo, ngakumbi xa umgijimi ehlawula ingqalelo enganeleyo "yokufudumala" kwezihlunu ngaphambi komthwalo onzima.

Iintlobo zokulimala

Imisipha igazini kakuhle kwaye ngoko uphilise ngokukhawuleza. Nangona kunjalo, ukunikezelwa kwegazi okuninzi kwandisa amathuba okuba neengxube ezithintekayo kwiisisu zomzimba kunye nokubunjwa kwama-hematomas.

• Imisipha yomlenze: i-quadriceps, i-biceps kunye nezihlunu ze-adductor. Isisundu esikhulu se-quadriceps siphezulu kwintlambo, i-biceps muscle iphezulu kumqolo, kwaye izihlunu ze-adductor zifihla ubuso obungaphakathi kwaye zibambe iqhaza ekuphenduleni imilenze ngaphakathi. Kwiyiphi na yezi zihlunu, iinyembezi ziyakwenzeka ngexesha liqhuba ngesivinini. I-quadriceps muscle, ngaphezu koko, ingonakaliswe ngempembelelo kwibhola enzima, ingakumbi kumhlaba omanzi okanye xa usebenza phantsi kwethambeka. I-biceps i-femoris ibonakaliswe engozini enkulu yomonakalo xa isebenzela ukukhuphuka, kunye nezihlunu ezibangelwayo - xa kukho ukukhweba okubukhali (umzekelo, kwibhola lebhola) okanye xa ugxotha ekuqalekeni kwiibhloko ekuqhubeni imincintiswano. Ukuqhaqhazeka kwemisipha kunokubangela ukuba umdlali aphume emthonjeni - kunye nentlungu enzulu kunye nesifo se-intramuscular, esibonakala phantsi kwesikhumba kunye ne-hematoma okanye ukuxinwa okubuhlungu (ngokugqobhoza ubunzulu bomzimba).

• Imisipha yamathole

Iimfumba zamathole kwiimbaleko zidla ngokugqithiseleyo, ezongeza umngcipheko wazo umonakalo ekuhambeni okungalawulwayo kwi-ankle. Kukho intlungu ebuhlungu ngokukhawuleza kwingingqi ye-shin, eyenza ukwanda kwesikhundla kwi-tiptoe okanye xa ugxilwe phambili. Xa uqhuba ukuzivocavoca, umzimba we-physiotherapist uhambisa inxalenye eyalimeleyo yomzimba wexhoba.

• Ukuphakanyiswa kwentloko yebiceps ende

Iibiceps, ukubonelela ukuphakanyiswa kwe-forearm ukuya phezulu, kwindawo yecala lihlulwe zibe ziintloko ezimbini. Ukugqithwa kwentloko ende kubonakala kwimidlalo enjengokulinganisa okanye ukukhwela. I-Trauma ihambelana ne-mass-hemorrhage. Inkontileka yesiqhelo se-muscle ibalaseleyo kwicandelo eliphezulu leengalo ngendlela yohlengahlengiso. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kungenelelwa ukungenelela kokuhlinzwa.

• Isigulane sinokuphuka kwintloko yentloko ende. Uya kuyidinga ukuhlinzwa ukubuyisela ukuxhumeka kwethenda ye-biceps kwithambo, kwaye emva koko ikhosi yokuvuselelwa ngokomzimba. Abagijimi abaninzi (umzekelo, abaprinari) bahlala behlulwa ngenxa yokululeka kweemisipha zamagxa aphantsi, ngakumbi amathole. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kubangelwa ubunzima obunzima bemisipha ngenxa yokuqeqesha ixesha elide. Kwintsika yexolo elihlangeneyo kukho ezimbini i-cartilages - okuthiwa i-menisci. Zikhona phakathi kwamathambo e-femal ne-tibial kwaye zikhusela ukuxhatshazwa kwabo. Ukongezelela, kukho iimbambano ezibini eziwela umgca wodolo kunye nokubamba idolo kwindawo echanekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, nakuphi ukungalingani kwimiqathango yezihlunu kunokukhokelela ekunyukeni kwimizila ebalulekileyo. Oku kwenzeka, umzekelo, ngeemithwalo ezigqithiseleyo emadolweni, ukulungiswa okungafanelekanga, kunye nakwiimeko apho ii-quadriceps zangaphandle ziphuhlisiwe ngaphakathi. Ngaloo ndlela uxolo luya kuba lukhulu ngakumbi kwaye lubuhlungu; ukulungiswa ngokungenakuzikhethela okanye ukuhamba kwelungu elingaphantsi lenzeke.