Izimpawu zesifo
Ngenxa yesifo esisinyameko seentsana zizalwe ngokuphuma kwamanzi kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo-ngaphantsi, ngokubunjwa kwe-hematoma, isisu esiswini okanye isilonda esiswini. Nangona kunjalo, ukuphuma kwamanzi kungakhokelela kwimiphumo yangaphandle - umzekelo, isilonda esisetyenziselwa ukuhlolwa kwegazi xa uhlola iintsana. Ngezinye izihlandlo, isifo esiyingozi sisifumene emva kokusoka. Ubonakaliso obunobungozi obuninzi besifo sisifo sokungafihli komzimba, okumalunga nama-30% amatyala abangela ukufa okanye ukulimala kwengqondo ekhokelela ekukhubazekeni. Isifo esingaqhelekanga siyaziwa malunga neminyaka eyi-100, kwaye ukulwa nayo ngokutyunjwa kwe-vitamin K yokuqala yaba ngowama-60 e-XX leminyaka. Le vithamini ikhona kwimifuno eluhlaza, kwaye ihlanganiswa yintsholongwane ye-bacteria microflora yomathumbu womntu. Kubalulekile ukunceda izinto ezininzi zegazi, ukujoyina iiplatelet ezinamacandelo egazi ezibangelwa ukubunjwa kwegazi.
Ukungakwazi ukusebenza kwe-vitamin K kwiintsana
Emzimbeni womntwana kunomlinganiselo omncinci we-vitamin K ozuze kumama, kwaye awunako ukuzenzela ngokwabo, kuba iibhaktheriya ezifunekayo azikho emathunjini. Ukongeza, isibindi sentsana esisandul 'ukuzalwa asikabi ngokugcwele kwaye asikwazi ukuzalisa ngokugcwele izinto ezixhomekeke kwi-vitamin-K. Konke oku, kudibene nomxholo ophantsi we-vitamin K ebisi loluntu, kwandisa umngcipheko wokuqhwaba. Iintsana ezisemandulo zisengozini. Ezinye iziyobisi ezithathwe kwiinyanga ezidlulileyo zokukhulelwa zingathintela imetabolism ye-vitamin K kwaye ziveze umntwana kumngcipheko wokugafa kwiiyure ezingama-24 zokuqala. Ezi zibandakanya i-anti-tuberculosis antiticoagulants kunye nezinye i-anticonvulsants. Ukukhusela umntwana osandul 'intsha kunokwenzeka ngoncedo lwangaphambili lweengxube ze-vitamine K. Kukho nesifo esinqabileyo, esaziwa njengezifo eziphefumlelweyo zesifo se-neonatal, ngokuqhelekileyo zibonakaliswe kwiintsuku ezi-2-8. Ininzi idla ngokuchaphazela abantwana abancinciweyo, kwaye banokuphazamiseka kwezifo, ezifana nesifo sesibindi, isifo sohudo esingapheliyo kunye neengxaki zentuthuko. Ngenxa yokungafani kwayo, ukuphuma okunjalo kunokuba nzima kakhulu kwaye kukhokelela ekufeni okanye ukukhubazeka okukhulu. Isifo esingaqhelekanga sinokuthintelwa ngempumelelo ngokumisela ukulungiselela isilwanyana se-vitamin K esifanelekileyo zonke iintsana emva kokuzalwa. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba emva koko kukho izikhalazo zesifo esiyingozi, uvavanyo lwegazi lwenziwa. I-Vitamin K isetyenziswe ngokuqhelekileyo nge-injection injections. Umthamo we-1 mg, olawulwa ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-6 emva kokuzalwa, unika ukhuselo oluthembekileyo kwizifo ezinzima. Nangona kunjalo, ngo-1990, ukuxhamla okunokwenzeka phakathi kweeyunithi ze-vitamine K kunye nokwanda kancinci kwengozi yeekliniki zomntwana kwachongwa.
Ifom ye-vitamine K
Njengenye indlela yokujova, i-vitamin K inokulawulwa ngomlomo. Nangona kunjalo, le fomu yeziyobisi ayisebenzisekanga kangangoko ekuthintela izifo eziphelileyo. Ngoko ke, ukuba ngaphambili oogqirha baninzi bancoma ukusebenzisa ifom yomlomo, ngoku iingcali ezininzi zikhetha indlela yokuhlolwa yongeniso. Le yindlela kuphela eqinisekisiweyo yokuthintela ukuphuma kwexesha elidlulileyo.
Inkqubo yokonyango
Ngaphambi kokukhetha indlela yokulawulwa kwezidakamizwa, ingozi kunye neenzuzo zazo nganye zixubusha nabazali bomntwana. Isigqibo kufuneka senziwe ngaphambi kokunikezelwa. Ngaloo ndlela, inqanaba lokuqala lilawulwa ngaphandle kokulibaziseka. Ukuba abazali bakhetha indlela yomlomo, amayeza amathathu ahlukeneyo a-2 mg anikwa. Izibhedlele ezininzi ziye zazakhela izikhokelo zokusetyenziswa kwe-vitamin K. Zininzi zazo zicebisa ukujova kwe-injuscular yezilwanyana kwiintsana ezinobungozi obuphezulu bokuthi isifo esiyingozi. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu abantwana abangaphambi kokuzalwa kunye nabantwana abazalwa ngeCaareare. Ukuba kukhankanywa isifo esiqhekezayo, iimvavanyo zegazi kufuneka zenziwe ukuze zifumane i-anemia, ukungasebenzi kwesibindi kunye nekhono lokugcoba. Emva kokuba igazi lithathwe ukuze lihlolwe, unyango ngokulawulwa kwe-vitamin K kunye nokupakishwa kwegazi le-plasma enezinto zokuqhawula ngegazi kungaqhubeka. Ukuba umntwana unobungozi obangelwa ukuphuma kwegazi kwangaphambili, kufuneka kutyelwe igazi. Ngelishwa, ngaphezu kwe-50% yeentsana eziye zafumanisa ukuba zinexesha elidlulileyo lokugula ngenxa yentsholongwane yegazi, ekhokelela ekufeni okanye ebangela ukuguquka kwexesha elide. Oku kubuhlungu ngakumbi kuba isifo sinokuthinteka ngokuqinisekileyo.
Uninzi olunabantwana, abahlakulela isisu esinzima, ngaphambi kokuba kubekho "isilumkiso" esincinci. Ukuba unayo nayiphi na impawu yokuphuma kwegazi, kufuneka uxelele ngokukhawuleza oku kumbeleki okanye umgudu oqhelekileyo. Akukho mfuneko yokuba uyayihoxisa izinto ezinjalo. Kubalulekile ukuba abazali baxelele ugqirha ngeyiphi indlela umntwana ayamkela i-vitamin K kuba iintsana ezithatha ngomlomo ziyakwazi ukuthotyelwa kwixesha elide. Igazi emanzini omntwana akuthethi ukuba isifo esiyingozi, kuba singangena emathunjini ngexesha lokubambisa okanye ukuncelisa xa umama sele eqhekeze iingono.