Iimpawu eziphambili ziquka:
• ukwanda kwamaxesha okuchama;
• isifo (intlungu xa uchama);
• I-Hematuria (ubukho begazi emthini);
• i-clouding yomchamo.
Ukongezelela, isigulane sinokukhathazeka ngeentlungu kwisisu esisisiswini, kwaye kwezinye iimeko, umchamo unempepho engathandekiyo.
Cystitis kubantwana
Kubantwana abancinci, iimpawu zesi sifo zingabonakali ngakumbi, oku:
• ukukhala xa uchama;
• Intlungu engaqinisekanga esiswini;
• inzuzo yokunciphisa umzimba;
• umkhuhlane;
• ukuhlanza.
Kubantwana abanomlinganiselo wokushisa komzimba, ukuxilonga ngokungafaniyo kufuneka kuhlale kuthwala ingqondo ye-cystitis. Kwizigulane ezisebekhulile, i-UTI ingaba yinto engabonakaliyo okanye ibonakale njengentlungu esiswini kunye nokunyamezeka kwengqondo. Ukuxilongwa kwe-cystitis kusekelwe kwizibonakaliso zeklinikhi, kunye neziphumo zokuhlolwa kwezinto ezincinci kunye nokulima umchamo. Xa ukhunjulwa nge-cystitis, i-microscopy yokuxilonga yesampuli yomchamo iyenziwa. Ubungqina bombhobho kwiimpawu zomchamo isifo sobhathane, siphendule unyango lwe-antibiotics, alufuni uhlalutyo olongezelelweyo kunye nokuqwalaselwa. Ukuphindaphinda kwe-cystitis kumfazi omdala okanye ukuhlaselwa kokuqala kwe-UTI kumntwana okanye umntu ubeka imfuno yolu vavanyo, ekubeni kwiimeko ezinjalo kunokuthiwa kukho imeko yokulungiselela isifo.
Uviwo lwe-Urine
Ngokuhlolwa kwe-microscopic umchamo, i-pyuria inokufunyanwa (ubukho bepus kumchamo, kwaye, ngokubaluleke kakhulu, i-agent causative yesifo). Ukuhlalutya, isampuli yesisombululo sesisombululo iqokelelwa kwiphubhu engenamanzi kwaye ihlolwe phantsi kwe-microscope. Ukubala iiseli kunokubonisa ubungqina bokuvuvukala kwiphepha lokucoca. Ubungakanani bendawo ethile yeebhaktheriya ezingaphezu kwe-100,000 ikoloni nganye kwi-1 ml ithathwa njengengqondo. Kubalulekile ukugcina amanyathelo athile okuqapha kwisifundo, ukuze kungabi niphumo lesiphumo ngenxa yokungcoliswa komchamo nge-microbes ezivela ngaphandle. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kunesidingo sokugqithiswa kwe-sopububic ye-bladder (ukufaka inaliti kwisibilini ngesikhumba esikwindawo ephezulu).
• Emva kokuba i-pathogen ichongiwe, u vavanyo lovelwano lwe-antibiotics lwenziwa ukwenzela ukuchonga isisombululo esisebenzayo.
• I-Escherichia coli-ibangela ukusuleleka kwi-68% yamatyala.
• Iproteus mirabiiis - 12%.
• Staphylococcus epidermidis - 10%.
• I-streptococcus faecalis - 6%.
• I-Klebsiella aerogenes - 4%.
Cystitis
Eli gama libhekisela ekuvukeleni okungapheliyo kwesibindi, esingagxininiswanga kwintsholongwane yegciwane kwaye engaphenduliyo unyango lwe-antibiotic. Iimpawu zesifo zibuhlungu ngesigulane kwaye ziquka rhoqo, unxinzelelo olukhawulezileyo lokutshiza kunye nentlungu. Isizathu sesifo asiyazi. Amadoda avela kwiimpawu zokuvuthwa kwe-urinary avikela i-urethra ende, kwakunye neeproptericidal properties ze-secretion gland. Kwiimeko ezininzi, imbangela ye-cystitis kukungena kwamathambo emathumbu emzimbeni ngokusebenzisa i-urethra kwi-bladder. Izinto ezibangela ukuphuhliswa kwesi sifo kubasetyhini zibandakanya ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo, i-colroitis (emva kokumisa umva) nokukhulelwa. Kwindoda, ukusuleleka kwe-urinary tract kungabangelwa ukugqitywa kokugqiba kwe-bladder (umzekelo, nge-prostatic hyperplasia) okanye ukungaqhelekanga kwesakhiwo se-urinary.
Iintlobo zezona zinto eziqhelekileyo zokukhusela i-cystitis zi:
• Abasetyhini bane-urethra emfutshane kwaye ngenxa yoko banokutheleleka kwiintsholongwane, ikakhulukazi ii-microorganisms ze-intestinal microflora. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ubunzima beempawu zifuna ukuqaliswa kwonyango ngokukhawuleza ngamayeza asebenzayo. Kuyinto enqwenelekayo ukufumana isampuli yesampuli ye-urine yesilinganiso semviwo ye-microscopic kunye nokuchongwa kwe-microbiological ye-pathogen. I-Laboratory yodwa yenkcubeko yebhaktheriya kunye nokuzimisela kobubele bayo kwi-antibiotiki iya kuvumela ukukhetha unyango olufanelekileyo. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukuqala unyango ngaphambi kokuba ufumane iziphumo zenkcubeko yomchamo. Ukunciphisa imeko yesigulane nge-cystitis kuya kunceda amanyathelo afanelekileyo, ngokukodwa ukutyiwa kwansuku zonke zamanzi amaninzi. Kwakhona kuyimfuneko ukulandela imigaqo yokucoceka kobuqu.
Ukusetyenziswa kweziyobisi
Ukuze unyango lwezonyango zomchamo, enye yeziyobisi, ezifana ne-trimethoprim, i-cotrimoxazole, i-amoxicillin, i-nitrofurantoin kunye ne-acid i-nalidixic, isoloko imiselwe. Kwezinye iimeko, ukusetyenziswa kwexesha elilodwa le-amoxicillin kwiqondo le-3 g labantu abadala lanele ukwelapha. Iingcali zincoma emva kokuba unyango luqhube isifundo sokulawula isahlulo esiphezulu somchamo, ukuqinisekisa ukuba isisombululo esipheleleyo sosulelo. Kuzo zonke iimeko, i-UTI idinga ukutyiwa kwemali eninzi (okungenani iilitha ezintathu ngosuku) ukwenzela ukukhusela ukuhlaselwa komchamo nokukhusela ukuveliswa kweebhaktheriya. Kwiimeko ezininzi ze-bacteria cystitis, isifo siphendula ngokukhawuleza kwi-antibiotic therapy. Kuyabasetyhini abaphindaphindiweyo, kunye namadoda nabantwana, uviwo olubanzi luqhutyelwa ukuchonga isizathu esisizathu sesifo, ukwenzela ukuba ungabandakanyi okanye uthintele iingxaki ezinzulu ezivela kwiintso. Uninzi olusulelekileyo lwephepha lomchamo olungaphantsi lunokuphathwa ngempumelelo ngamayeza omzimba, umzekelo, i-trimethoprim.