Isikolo ibalulekileyo ebomini babo bonke abantwana, impumelelo yesikolo iprojekthi ebomini obuninzi, ngoko abazali bafuna umntwana ukuba eze esikolweni kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Yintoni oyifunayo ukwazi i-future-grader, kwaye kufuneka uziphatha njani?
Yintoni kwaye sifundisa njani abantwana?
Kukho icandelo lonke lokulungiselela abantwana esikolweni. Phantse ukususela ekuzalweni kwamathoyizi, usana luqala ukwahlula kwiindawo zokuzonwabisa nokuphuhlisa. Ukudlala, umntwana uhlakulele kakuhle iimpawu eziza kumnceda esikolweni: ingqwalasela, ukuxininisa, imemori, ingqiqo, isabelo, izakhono ezifanelekileyo zezithuthi kunye neengcinga. Yintoni omele ukuyidlala? Ewe, nantoni na! Ukuqiqa kwaye uqagele iimflebhe, hambisa ukunqoba kwimidlalo yakho yebhodi oyintandokazi, "brodilkas" okanye ucindezele ingqondo yakho, ngenkuthalo ukuqokelela iipuzzle ezinengqiqo. Wonke umzali wanamhlanje uyazi ukuba umntwana kufuneka alungele isikolo, kwaye ngokukhawuleza oku kulungiselelwa kuqala, umntwana uya kuphumelela kuphela esikolweni, kodwa ebomini. "Emva kwethathu sele sele ihamba" - isiqubulo sabancedisi bokuphuhliswa kwangaphambili. Bathembele kakhulu: ekuqaleni ukuphuhliswa kwengqondo kuqala, kulula kuba ngumntwana ukulungelelanisa ubomi besikolweni. Incwadi iyona mthombo oyintloko wolwazi, ngoko incwadi yokuphuhlisa iyona nto iqabane lomntwana ukususela kwiSeptemba 1. Ukupheka, iileta, izivivinyo, iimvavanyo zengqiqo sele ziyeke ukuba zizinto zobomi besikolo kwaye zihanjiswe ebomini bomntwana osesikolweni wangoku. Ngokwezibalo, iincwadi ezingama-80 zeencwadi zezingane eziveliswe e-Ukraine zizinikezele ukulungiselela isikolo. Imfuno idala ukubonelela. Ingcali kuphela kufuneka ibandakanyeke kwishishini ebalulekileyo yokulungiselela umntwana esikolweni. Kuzo zonke izithili zaliphi na isixeko kukho ubuncinane izikolo ezilishumi elinanye kwizikolo zasesikolweni. Kukho uvuyo oluqhubekayo apho. Abantwana abancinci bafunda ukufunda nokubala, bazalise imimiselo baze batye i-granite yesayensi ngamazinyo abo, ukuze bafike kwidesksi yesikolo belungele nantoni na. Qala iiklasi ukulungiselela isikolo oyifunayo ngaphandle kweminyaka engama-4. Kubonakala ukuba ukuhlala umntwana kwidesksi ukunyusa umntwana esikolweni iminyaka engama-2-3 ngumsebenzi oyintloko wabazali. Kwaye, ekugqibeleni, isikolo siqala. Yaye kunye nayo, kunye neengxaki zesikolo, ityala lokuthi, njengengxaki yomkhwa, uye waba ngumthonyama kule minyaka engama-7 ukuqeqeshwa - ukungabikho kolwazi lwezemfundo kunye nobuchule bokufunda obubi ... Kodwa impumelelo yesikolo ayinqunywanga inani lenani elibhalwa ngaphambi kweSeptemba 1 kwaye kungekhona isantya sokufunda iincwadi. Isiseko semfundo yesikolo esiyimpumelelo ukulungela komntwana ukuqonda nokwamkela ihlabathi, ukuziva ukhululekile kwaye ukhululekile kweli hlabathi. Kulula kakhulu kwaye kunzima ngelo xesha.
Uludwe lweencwadi
Ingcali yeengqondo zaseJalimane iVolker Price yabhala incwadi yeziphakamiso kubazali "Yintoni Abantwana Abafanele Bayayazi", ukubeka uluhlu lwezakhono ezisisiseko kunye nekhono elifanele umntwana afike esikolweni naye. Akukho ziqhelo ezifanelekileyo, iimvavanyo zokufunda ngokukhawuleza nokuqeqeshwa kwezakhono zamatriki kule ncwadi. kunye nezicwangciso zokulungiswa kweengcali kunye neetalente. Incwadi ibonisa kuphela isiseko sengqondo sokuphumelela kunye neendlela zokulungelelana kwengane ezikolweni, kuba isikolo yindawo apho umntwana echitha ubuninzi bakhe ubomi. ukunika abantwana ithuba lokuhlala ngokukhululekile kunye nefuthe le nxalenye yaloo ncwadi.Incwadi kaFaulkner, kungekhona kuphela ulwazi olusisiseko kunye nezakhono ezidweliswe, kodwa kunye namava obomi kunye namava apho umntwana kufuneka afike kumda wokuphila kwesikolo. kwaye ukwazi ukufumana uxhaphalo olunzulu lwabazali kunye nabazali lubaluleke kakhulu kunanoma yiphi na ulwazi lokufunda kunye nokuphila, umntwana olungele isikolo? Ngalo mbuzo umlobi ubhekisela kubantu bezakhono ezahlukeneyo kunye neentlanga, ezahlukahlukeneyo, edaniya kunye nesimo ekuhlaleni. Kubazali, oomkhulu kunye nogogo, kubantwana abaselula kunye neengcali ezihloniphekileyo. Kubantu abalula kunye nabantu abaziwayo. Iingcali zeengqondo kunye nootitshala. Kwaye ke, nge-German pedantry, iinkqubo kwaye idibanisa amava abantu ahlukeneyo. Isazi sengqondo sengqondo saseJamani asihlolisisi, kodwa sichaza nje izakhono ezilula kunye nolwazi apho umntwana kufuneka afike khona emzimbeni wobomi besikolo. Vumela enye yezinto ezidwelisweyo ngoku ibonakale ingabalulekanga kwaye ayinanto yokwenza ukulungiselela isikolo, kodwa amava abonisa ukuba "ayibalulekanga" ukuba okokuqala kubonakala kuba yinto ebalulekileyo: Uludwe wolwazi nezakhono ezifunekayo, ngokutsho kwengqondo yengqondo yaseJamani, ekufundeni ngempumelelo esikolweni, kunzima kakhulu, kodwa kuyamangalisa ngokukodwa ngexesha elifanayo.Umntwana owaziyo kwaye uye wafumana konke oku ngasentla ngumphandi onokuzibuza olungele ukukhipha lo mqondo ngokwakhe. Akungabazeki ukuba lowo owaziyo ukuhlala kuluntu okwazi ukuphulaphula kwaye ukuva umntwana onemithwalo enjalo yezakhono kunye nobuchule uya kuphumelela kungekuphela esikolweni, kodwa ebomini, ngenxa yokuba konke oku ngasentla akulungiseleli isohlwayo lwesikolo, kungekhona ukuqeqeshwa phambi kwezilingo zesikolo, kodwa ubomi kunye nayo yonke imibala. uqobo, uhlala ngokuvisisana nehlabathi, uninzi kwaye uxoxisana ngokupheleleyo kunye noontanga, unethuba lokufunda ihlabathi ngokwabo, evakalelwa inkxaso yentsapho yakhe, ukhula kwaye akhule. Kuvulelekile kwihlabathi kwaye ulungele ukufunda. Kwaye le nto yokufunda kunye nokuphelela kokuphila ayinakutshintshwa nayiphi na ulwazi yolwazi. Umntwana kufuneka ahlaziywe kuluntu.
Yintoni efunekayo kule nto?
Xoxa nabantwana beminyaka yabo, kunye nabantu abadala (kungekuphela kwabazali). Yidla kwezinye iindwendwe, mema abanye abantwana ukuya kwindlu yabo isidlo sakusihlwa. Ukuze ube ngumzekelo kwabanye kunye ubuncinane kanye ukuba uzame umzekelo womnye umntwana.
• I-quarrel kwaye yenziwe nomhlobo wakho omhle.
Ngesinye ukufumana indumiso yomntu ongaphandle.
• Yazi ixesha lokuthi "siyabonga" kwaye "nceda", bhokoza uze uthi intle. Ukuze ukwazi ukucela ukuxolelwa. Ukuqonda inkqubo yokupha isipho (kuquka ukukhetha okuzimeleyo kwesipho somhlobo okanye isihlobo, inqubo yokuyihlobisa).
Yintoni umntwana kufuneka ayeneminyaka engama-6 ubudala?
Abantwana badinga ukuzithemba. Yintoni umntwana adinga oku?
• Ukuva inkxaso rhoqo kwizinto azenzayo. Yiba nethemba lokuba unenkxaso.
• Ukwazi ukucela uncedo kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ukuxhasa abanye abantu.
• Ukwazi ukusilela kwaye ukwazi ukuvavanya.
• Ukwazi ukufezekisa iinjongo kwaye uzive ukwaneliseka kuyo.
• Kunzima ukwazi ukuba kukho into ebengaphambi kwayo ontanga.
• Ukwazi ukuthemba abantu.
Umntwana kufuneka azive, azi kwaye aziqonde yena nomzimba wakhe. Yintoni umntwana adinga oku? Unethuba lokuhlola umzimba wakho. Yazi igama lamalungu omzimba kwaye uyakwazi ukuchaza imisebenzi yemibandela ebalulekileyo (kutheni intliziyo yomntu, isibindi). Ukwazi ukwahlula phakathi kweengqondo zengqondo kunye nezobuchopho (umzekelo, ukungadibanisi indlala kunye nokucaphuka, ukukhathala nokudabuka). Ukwazi ukwenza umbane wokuthintela.
• Yivaka i-pulse yakho kunye nezinye.
• Yazi ukuba ugqirha ukhona ukunceda abagulayo. Ncedisa ugqirha ukuxilonga isifo - misela indawo kunye nendalo yentlungu. Ukukwazi ukunceda izigulane: ukwazi izakhono zokuqala ze-ambulensi (umlilo wendiza, kunokuba usebenze isilonda). Thatha njengengxenye yobomi.
• Fumana iimpendulo ezinyanisekileyo nezinyanisekileyo, kuquka ukufa. Ukwenza oku, kubalulekile ukubandakanya umntwana kwinkqubo yokunakekelwa okulula kwabagulayo, ukucacisela kuye imeko yakhe, ukunyamekela ukugula, ukunyanzela umntwana ukuba ahlolisise umzimba wakhe nokuphendula kwakhe. Ukuphendula ngokunyanisekileyo nangemibuzo enzima. Umntwana kufuneka aqonde uluntu kwaye afunde ukuhlala ngokuvisisana nalo.
Yintoni efunekayo kule nto?
Uyakwazi ukutyhila umthunzi weqhwa okanye ukwakha iinqaba zeqhwa.
• Uphinde uphawule emvula, udlale-gxuma kwimigqomo, ungcolile edakeni, kunzima ukukhupha, uphonsa ibhola yebhola. Kanye kanye, ukwenza idama emfuleni, ukwakha indlu, inqaba eyenziwe yentlabathi. Ukuze ukwazi ukunyuka umthi, uhlale emlilweni ebusuku, uye kumakhowa, nokuba udibanisa kuphela iibhondi kunye neentambo.
• Zama ukutshala ingqolowa, uyilumkele ngenyameko kwaye ubone indlela isityalo esakha ngayo ngenxa yokunyamekela. Yazi ukuba amanzi ebambe umzimba. Ukulala emanzini.
• Ukwazi ukuguqula ngokwakho kwi-swing. Ukuze ubone, thintela uze uzame ukuqonda indlela i-sundial isebenza ngayo. Qaphela ebhakabhakeni ubuncinane ubunzima beenkwenkwezi ezimbini. Zama nge-echo. Ukwenza oku, kubalulekile ukunika umntwana ithuba lokuziva ukhululekile kwimvelo. Ungesabi ukungahlambulukanga kunye nokuqhwala. Bonisa ibhungu ubuhle kunye nokuvisisana kwendalo kunye nendawo yakhe kuyo.