Inzululwazi ithi ingxelo ye-ozone yomhlaba wethu iyancinci minyaka yonke, ngaloo ndlela yandisa ingozi yokuba imisebe yelanga ihamba nayo. Oogqirha baye bakhuthazwa kakhulu ukuba basebenzise i-sunscreen kungekulo nje lolwandle, kodwa imihla ngemihla. Esi sikhilimu kufuneka siphathwe zonke iinxalenye zomzimba ezihlala zivulekile, oko kukuthi, iingalo, intamo, imilenze, amahlombe kunye nobuso. Nangona kunjalo, ukwenzela ukuba umphumo wekhilimu usebenze kakuhle, kufuneka ukhethe, ukhokelwe yimithetho ethile, kwakunye neeparitha zomzimba wakho, ngakumbi uhlobo lwesikhumba.
Ukukhuselwa kwelanga
I-sunscreen nganye inepaketeri ebizwa ngokuba yikhowudi yokukhusela ilanga. Ichazwe ngamanani. Naliphi ikhamera yanamhlanje ubuncinane ezimbini iimbosi ezinjalo. Omnye wabo, i-SPF ibonisa izinga lokukhuselwa olunikezwa i-krimu evela kwimibhobho ye-ultraviolet, enye, i-UVA - inqanaba lokukhuselwa kwimirhumo ye-ultraviolet.
Eyona nto ifundiswayo yiparameter ye-SPF. Ukuba ubona le nkcazo kwiphakheji ye-cream, ngoko unokuqiniseka ukuba le krimu iyisitrini. Inombolo, elinganayo ne-SPF, ithetha ukuba zihlandlo eziliphi ixesha elivumelekileyo lokunyuka kwelanga ekunyuseni kunye nokusetyenziswa kwesi sidakamizwa.
Ngokomzekelo, ukuba ekhanda lakho ukuqala ngokubomvu kubonakala emva kweyure emva kokutshatyalaliswa kwelanga ngokuqhubekayo, ngoko kwi-theory, kunye nokusetyenziswa okusebenzayo kancinesi yokukhusela nge-SPF elilingana neshumi, unokuhlala elangeni ngaphandle kokulimala kwesikhumba malunga neeyure ezilishumi (nangona oogqirha ixesha elinjalo lokuhlala phantsi kwelanga alunconywanga ngokubanzi). Esi siphumo siphumelelwe ngoncedo lwezongezo ezizodwa eziyingxenye ye-krimu, njenge-powder enhle kakhulu ye-titanium dioxide, esebenza ngendlela yamanqaku amancinci amaninzi anceda ukubonisa imilayezo ye-ultraviolet.
Le SPF yeparameter ingahluka ukusuka kwii-2 ukuya kwii-50. 2 - lukhuselo olubuthathaka, olukhusela isiqingatha se-ultraviolet eyingozi kakhulu-UV-B. Ezona ziqhelekileyo ziyi-SPF 10-15, ezona zibalaseleyo zokukhusela isikhumba esifanelekileyo. Inqanaba eliphezulu lokukhusela kwi-SPF 50 - bayicoca ukuya kuma-98% emisebe yingozi.
Uninzi lwezilwanyana zezilwanyana zisebenzisa i-table kaThomas Fitzpatrick ukuchonga uhlobo lwesigulane sesikhumba (phototype), ngokuxhomekeke kwisilinganiselo somsebenzi we-melanocyte.
Kule nqanaba, kukho iintlobo ezintandathu zesikhumba. Ezi zimbini zokugqibela apha asiyi kunika, kuba abantu abanelikhumba bahlala eAfrika nakwamanye amazwe ashushu. Phakathi kwabaseYurophu kukho iiphototype ezine. Uhlobo lwayo alubunzima ukuyiqonda, nantsi iipropati zazo.
I-phototype
Ikhumba elimhlophe kakhulu nge-pink tinge. Ngokuqhelekileyo kukho ii-freckles. Ngokuqhelekileyo i-blondes eyamehlo eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (i-blondes) okanye abantu abomvu abanesikhumba esihle. Ikhumba labo kunzima kakhulu ukwenza itan, itshisa ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo le mizuzu eyi-10. Kubo, kuphela ukhilimu onokhuseleko oluphezulu, nge-SPF engekho ngaphantsi kwe-30, iya kuhambelana nabo - imali engiseleyo ayikwazi ukukunceda.
II phototype
I-phototype yesibili yesikhumba ilula, ii-freckles zinqabile kakhulu, iinwele zilula, amehlo asemnyama, emdaka, emnyama. Kubo, umhla wokugqibela wokungena kwilanga awukho ngaphezu kwekota yeyure, emva koko ithuba lokufumana ilanga liyakhula ngokukhawuleza. Bamele basebenzise i-creams ne-SPF elingana no-20 okanye -30 ngeveki yokuqala yelanga elitshisayo, emva koko ukhilimu kufuneka utshintshwe kwenye, ene-parameter engaphantsi kwama-2-3.
III phototype
Ubumnyama obumnyama, amehlo obomvu, iinwele ziqhelekileyo zimnyama okanye i-chestnut. Ixesha elikhuselekileyo elangeni li malunga nesiqingatha seyure. Bakhetha ukusebenzisa i-cream cream nge-SPF ukususela kwi-15 ukuya kwe-6.
IV phototype
Iibrunettes ezinesikhumba esimnyama kunye namnyama amnyama. Baya kuba elangeni ukuya kwiminithi engama-40 ngaphandle kokutshisa. Kubo, i-krimu ene-SPF ukusuka kwi-10 ukuya kweyesi-6 ibhetele.
Kwakhona ixesha elibalulekileyo lokhetho oluchanekileyo lwekhrimu ekhuselekileyo ilanga apho uya kuhlala khona ilanga ixesha elide. Ukuba uceba ukuphumla ezintabeni okanye ukubandakanya kwimidlalo yamanzi, kungcono ukuthatha ukhilimu ophezulu ukhuseleko-SPF30. Kusebenza kakuhle kwesikhumba sabantwana.