I-Porn: imbali yoshishino oluthandwayo

Ngo-Apreli wasisondeza ngohlobo lwejubhu: ngowe-1910 wakhululwa ifilimu yokuqala ye-pornography yaseJamani. Enye yezobugcisa ezinkulu zezobugcisa zehlabathi zaqala kunye naye, kodwa sikhumbule lo mcimbi ongaqhelekanga, kungekhona nje ngenxa yale nto. I-Porn - imbali yoshishino ethandwayo ilandela izithende zomntu kuwo wonke umlando wayo, kwaye akunakwenzeka ukulwa nayo, njengemvula okanye iqhwa. Yintoni eyenzeka ngaphezu kweminyaka eyi-100: sitshintshe i-porn okanye isitshintshe?

Zivume kwisithintelo

Enyanisweni, iteksi yokuqala, emva kokukhawuleza emva kokuphuma kwayo ebantwini abathukutheleyo ngenxa yezocwiliso kunye "nokunyaniseka", isuswe nje kuphela emva koLumiere "Ukufika kwesitimela." Ifilimu yayibizwa ngokuthi "Kiss," kwaye yenziwa ngowe-1896 nguTomas Edison yena ngokwakhe, owenzela igama ngokungakumbi kwizinto ezifana nezinto ezinobulumko kunye nolwazi oluqilileyo. I-"film" engenakuthobeka ibonisa indlela elula ukuqiqa ngayo igama, ukuvuna kwabadlali ababini be-Broadway - uMary Irwin noYohn Rais, iinkwenkwezi zemveliso ethandwayo "Umhlolokazi uJones". Kwavela, ukubamba ixesha elinjalo kwifilimu - kukho ukuhlambalaza ngokuziphatha komphakathi. Omnye umgxeki othukutheleyo obizwa ngokuba ngu "Kiss" akayikho "umboniso wenkanuko yezilwanyana ukuba umntu ophucukileyo akakwazi ukunyamezela.


Okwangoku, ifilimu yafumana ukuthandwa ngenxa yendlela yokuqala yokubukela: iboniswe kwiidokodo ezikhethekileyo eziqukethe umntu oyedwa (umboniso wamabhenkethi okwangoku ukubonisa umboniso ophezulu), kwaye ngamnye ekubukeni kwakudingeka ukuba alahle i-coin kwindawo ekhethekileyo. Ewe, kunye neofisi yebhokisi yehlabathi "Kiss" iqokelele inani elifanelekileyo: eMoscow waboniswa kwi-cinpole ye-cinema yeeruble ezintlanu, kwaye kwi-"cinematographs" zaseMelika zaye zachithwa ngezizathu zokugweba iiconsorship: ukusuka kwiimitha ezintathu ukuya kwembini. Ewe, isampula yefrimu entsha yefilimu yahlala kuphela. Yaye ininzi yayo yayingabanjwanga ngokuzibamba, kodwa ngokukhawuleza kwendoda ebini, esingayilindelekanga ukuba siyayiva, kuba i-cinema yesandi kwakusadingeka iphile. Nangona kunjalo, okufanayo "Ukufika kwesitimela" kwaphela imizuzwana engama-50 kuphela, kodwa oko kwakwanele ukuba uluntu luhambe kwiikhamera zokuqala ngethuba.


Icandelo lee-porno ekupheleni kweXestile leXIX lide likhona, nangona kude kube ngoku ukuphakama kwayo kwakuyi-daguerreotypes "yokutshisa" - kokubili kwindlela yokwenza utywala kunye neentlekele- "Ukuhambisa imifanekiso" kwavula ithuba lokufumana ithuba elitsha ngokupheleleyo - "umphumo wobukho." Ngokukhawuleza, iifoto zaba ngumsebenzi wobugcisa ngokuthelekisa ezimbini "njengokungathi ziphila" abantu abakwisicatshulwa sonke, babanga umbukeli phambi kwamehlo abo. Ukususela ngoko, ukucinga komntu kunomnye umthombo onamandla, kwakunye nokukwazi ukucinga malunga naluphi na ukucinga.


Icandelo lezonyango liye laqhubeka linyathela kwizithende zobugcisa obuphezulu. Ngomnyaka ofanayo we-1896 eFransi, imifanekiso yokuqala yomxholo wesondo isuswe, ezo zifundo ziphelelwe ngamagama: "Esi sibini silala" kwaye "Singaziboni". Kwaye ifilimu yokuqala yoonopopayi ehlala kwinyanga ka-1907. U-El Sartorio wadutshulwa eArgentina (igama lomlawuli alizange ligcinwe libali), kwaye isalathiso sazo sasilula: izibini zantombazana abathathu behlambele emlanjeni ziphazanyiswa yi daemon engazi apho ivela khona, iphoqa abafazi abatsha ukuba balala naye. Ngendlela, esele kule mfanekiso sisebenzise ukufumana ukwakhiwa kwekhamera ye "zoom" - ngoko ukujonga inkqubo kuzo zonke iinkcukacha zayo. Kwaye isiJamani sasekuqaleni salo hlobo, esi sigubhi esiyigubhayo, sabizwa ngokuba ngu-Am Abend ("Ngohlwayi"). Ngaloo nto, indoda ikhangele kwi-keyhole yowesifazane ohlaziya umzimba, wangena ekamelweni kwaye, njengoko uAverchenko wabhala, "yonke into iyaguquka! .." Njengoko ubona, ukususela ngoko imboni ye-pornography yaseJamani ithathe isinyathelo esondeleyo ngokwemibono yeemeko.

Nangona kunjalo, ngaphambi kokuba i-pornography yaseJamani ilandeleke-imbali yoshishini elidumileyo yayisekude, ngelixa i-cinema yama-movie ehamba phambili yayinomdla onothando nenkululeko yesiFrentshi. Ukuda kwee-30 zangekhulu lama-20, igama elithi "ifilimu yeFransi" yayiyinto enhle kakhulu yokujonga iifoto zoonografi, ngokufana ne "ifilimu ezindala" zanamhlanje.


Ukwabelana ngesondo ngokwemigaqo kwaye ngaphandle

Okwangoku, izakhi "zokunyaniseka" nazo zingena kwi-cinema enkulu, leyo leyo yavuma ngokuzenzekelayo ubuhlobo bayo kunye "nohlobo oluphantsi". Ngowe-1912, ifilimu yaseNtaliyane ethi "Ad Dante" yabonakala kuqala i-naked man, ebona phambili. Kwaye akukho mxholo wesondo esithombeni: kwakukho ukulungelelaniswa kwe "Comedy Comedy", apho umlingisi ophezulu ucinga ngaboni abesihogo.

Imodeli yaseMerika kunye nomdlali wezobugcisa u-Audrey Manson waba ngumdlali wokuqala "ngegama", ekhutshwe kwisikrini - kwakukho ngo-1915 kwifilimu ethi "Inspiration", apho edlala imodeli enhle (ifilimu, ngelanga, ayizange igcinwe). Intlekele yale ntombazana enomdla onqabileyo yayibuhlungu: umthandi wakhe wabulala umfazi wakhe, kwaye u-Audrey wamangalelwa ngokunyanisekileyo - kwaye nangona intombazana yahlulwa, kwaye umbulali wabulawa, umsebenzi weManson uphelile. Ngasekupheleni kwee-1920, u-Audrey waba nomdla kwaye wayefakwa kwisibhedlele seengqondo, apho wafa khona, ekhohliwe ngumntu wonke, sele sele sele ngo-1996.


Umxholo wobufana bobulili obufanayo wabonakaliswa okokuqala kwifilimu yaseJamani ka-1919 "Ngaphandle kokunye", kunye ne-pornography yokuqala ye-gay "Telegraphist", ngokumangalisayo, yabonakala kamva kamva - ngowe-1920 bonke beFransi efanayo benkululeko. Kwaye ekuqaleni kokubambisana kwabangqingili kwiskrini, uMarlene Dietrich ("iMorocco", umzobo we-1930) ngokwakhe uthatha inxaxheba, oku akumangalisiyo: unkulunkulukazi weskrini esimnyama nomhlophe akafihlekanga ubunqunu bakhe.

Ngama-1920s, "umfanekiso oshisayo" kwakukho isethi esithile esicatshulwa esivela kwenye ifilimu eya kwelinye, elalifakwe nganto, ngokuyininzi ukusuka kwinqanaba elithile kunye nasezihlotsheni ezifana nephepha elimhlophe elongezelwe eludongeni. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kwakukho imizobo yokuzixhamla ngesini esinye isithandane esisodwa, ngokuqhelekileyo umtshato (ngokuqinisekileyo, baboniswa ngabadlali abangekho nawuphi na ulwalamano olusemthethweni kunye nomnye, kodwa ubuncinane bembonakalo. Kwimeko nayiphi na into, kwimeko yeYurophu: kwifilimu yokuqala ye-pornography yaseMelika ("Uhambo" lwe-1915). Kwaye malunga nokusukela ngo-1925, iimbambano ezithotyelwa kwiifoto zoononografi ziye zaba ziindawo eziqhelekileyo. Enye yale tape - "IKhabhinethi kaMantombazana" - ngoku iyakubonwa ePrague, kwiMyuziyam yoTyhini. Ngokomlando, ususwe ngumyalelo we-King Alfonso XIII waseSpain. Leli gaba malunga nodokotela olala ngesigulane sakhe, kwaye umfazi uyamxhaphaza ngokukhupha umkhonzi kunye nentombazana ebhedini lakhe ngexesha elinye.


Kwiminyaka engama-30, phakathi kwabadali bezononophelo - imbali yezoshishino ezithandwayo yabonakala kwimoya yeentlobo ezithandanayo. Enyanisweni, abafazi abancinci kuphela-ukuba bacinge i-Asia okanye iNegro olala nomfazi omhlophe, uluntu ngelo xesha alinakwenzeka kwaye kwiphupha elibi. Ukongezelela, ukongeza kwii-cinema ezivakalayo, abalawuli beefilimu zoononografi bafumanisa i-montage-kwaye kunye nalo ithuba lokulungiselela i-kaleidoscope yangempela yezinto ezibuhlungu kunye nokunyanzelisa, ngokuhamba ngokulula kweesisi, ukususa konke okungekho mfuneko.


I-Porn boom

Ama-50s, kunye ne "baby boom" kunye nenomdla ebonakalayo kwimincili yenyama, nangona babetyala ngenxa yokuziphatha komntu, banikezela iifilimu zoononophala ngamathuba amaninzi. Ngomtsalane waloo mdla kwavela iphephancwadi elithi "Playboy" - ukukhishwa kwayo yokuqala kwanyatheliswa ngo-1953. I-porno yale minyaka yayingeyona nto eyahlukileyo kwimihla yamanje: yayisele imbala ngokugqithiseleyo, abadlali be-actress baqala ukugqoka iingubo ezinobungqingili, izicathulo kunye nezicathulo eziphezulu, kunye nokuqhutyelwa kwe-bikini. Ukongezelela, amantombazana kunye namadoda, awayekho ngaphambili, awanikwe ilungelo kumigca kwiikhredithi. Ngoko iinkwenkwezi zokuqala zoonobumba zibonakala.


Kodwa ama-60 angenakuvinjelwa awazange alethe nantoni na entsha kwiimifanekiso engamanyala - ngaphandle kokuba ividiyo ekhutshulwayo: ineminyaka yobudala benkululeko kunye neepilisi zokukhusela, abantu baqhekeza ngokukhawuleza iindawo ezinzima kwaye bafuna ukuvakalisa eli lizwe lonke. Mhlawumbi, umdla kwiifilimu zezononografi akazange zinyuswe ngoku kuphila kwangempela kwiindawo ziye zavuya kakhulu. Kuphawuleka ukuba umfanekiso wokuqala wezinto ezingabonakaliyo ngokobomi apho abadlali benza ngokwenene ubulili kunokuba baxelise umonde ngo-1962 - ifilimu yaseSweden ebizwa ngokuthi "Bayasithiya". Kodwa uhlobo "lwabantu abadala" lwafumanisa uluntu: ngowe-1969 owokuqala kuwo onke amazwe asemthethweni agwetywayo iJamani. Yilapho i-shaft ye-pornography yaseJamani yaqala-imbali yezoshishino ezidumileyo, kunye ne-Valkyries yayo ehamba phambili, kunye ne-"wunderbar" kunye ne "fantasy" engalibalekiyo!


Ngaphambilana , ngo-1962, eBerlin, yavula isitolo sokuqala sezesondo, phantsi kwegama elibizwa ngokuba yi "Special Shop Shop of Marriage Marriage". Umsunguli wayo, into enomdla, waba ngumfazi - Beata Uze. Ngobutsha bakhe wayengumqhubi kunye nomfazi wokuqala, emva kwemfazwe wayesebenzisa indlela yokukhusela ikhalenda (unina, apho uBeata wafunda khona ngalezi ziqhwaba, wayengumfazi wezilwanyana) kwaye, ngokuchasene nokuthukuthela komntu, waqala ukuthengisa iikhondom kunye neencwadi ngezihloko zesondo kuqala ngeposi, kwaye ke kwinethiwekhi yabo yeevenkile. Ngaphambili kweBeata kwakukho ukunqotshwa kwemakethe yefilimu yezobucayi kunye nokuvulwa kwesiteshi somabonwakude, kunye neMyuziyamu yokubonakalisa eBerlin.


UBeata Uze kunye nomdali we Playboy Hugh Hefner walindele ixesha elitsha - i-golden age of porn, i-70s. Kwaye ke loo nto imifanekiso eqhelekileyo "Intshontsho ejulile", "Emva kweGobo elihlaza", "UMtyholi ngo-Miss Jones" wadutshulwa. Iinkwenkwezi zoonobumba, uLinda Lovelace, uVanessa Del Rio, uRon Jeremy, uJohn Holmes (waphefumlela i-movie ethi "Boogie Nights") uzuze udumo lobuqili.
Igama elithi "i-pornography" langena ebomini bemihla ngemihla, eya kuma-cinemas "abadala", asemthethweni e-USA ngo-1970, yaba yindalo - ukuba ukhumbula, kwi "Taxi Driver", eqoshwe ngo-1976, iqhawe likaDe Niro likhokelela intombazana ngomhla wokuqala kwi-cinema enje, kwaye uyamangaliswa yintlungu yakhe. Ngoku abalingisi befilimu abathandabuzekiyo abayideleli ngaphezu kweefranethi zabo, ezithathwa kwimikhosi: "I-Decameron" nguPaolo Pasolini, "ITango Yokugqibela eParis" nguBernardo Bertolucci. Ama-Hollywood athile aqala umsebenzi wabo ngoononophala-njengomzekelo, uSyvester Stallone, wabonakala kuqala kwisikrini ngo-1970 kwi-movie ethi "Iqela kwiKito kunye neHerd."
Kodwa ngowe-1970 kwakuyexesha lezona zikhwabaniso ezinkulu kumashishini angamanyala. Uhambo olunqobileyo lwalolu hlobo aluzange lubalekele iingqungquthela zokuziphatha. Ngowe-1974, uLarry Flynt wakhulula umagazini wokuqala we-Hustler, kwaye ngowe-1978 wahlawuliswa ngokunyaniseka-kwaye wayinqoba ityala. Ingxabano yakhe eyona nto yayiyinto ephazamisayo yolu hlobo: kutheni ukudubula ukusuka empini, kubonakalisa igazi kunye nemizimba ekhutshiwe, kuthathwa njengento ehloniphekileyo, kunye nokubonakaliswa kwemizimba emihle ehlambulukileyo - ihlazo? Kodwa ngexesha letilingo, i-Flint yahlasela i-maniac yohlanga, inomsindo ngenxa yokuba amaphepha e-Hustler ayengumzekelo omhlophe kuphela. Ngenxa yokuhlaselwa, uLarry wahlala engxowanxu yakhe kwisihlalo sabakhubazekile ubomi.


Ndiyichithile amagqwetha kunye ne "Deep Throat", ifilimu yokuqala yoononophelo ekhutshwe kwizikrini ezibanzi, kwaye nanamhlanje ihlala iyimifanekiso engamaphepha eninzi kunenzuzo. Ku-23 US uthi, umfanekiso wawuvinjelwe ukubonisa. Nangona kunjalo, i-scandal enkulu yabonakala xa inkwenkwezi yefilimu uLinda Lovelace ithe indoda yakhe uChuck Traynor, owayebetha rhoqo, yamnyanzelisa ukuba ayidubule ULinda waba ngumgqugquzeli weNkqantosi yokulwa noTyhilafa, kodwa wabulawa engozini yemoto ngo-2002, ngaphandle kokwenza umsebenzi wobugcisa.

"Intshontsho ejulile", njengamanye amafilimu e-pornography "obuninzi begolide", ngoku ikhangeleka kakhulu kunokuba "ividiyo echasayo" yanamhlanje. I-porno yakudala iyinkohlakalo kwaye ingabonakaliyo (kwi-"Throat Deep" apho kukho i-gluing ye-malegasm eneefowuni zokuqalisa ii-rocket! Ngamafutshane, amaninzi amafilimu eononografi namanqaku athile afana nokuthelekiswa nalo mthendeleko wenyama - iplastiki kunye neentlondi.


I-Pornstar Factory

Ama-80 kunye nama-90-ixesha lokuhlanganiswa kokugqibela kwezitampu zoonobumba. Ifashoni ifaka i-parody eyaziwayo ye-movie eyaziwayo-ukusuka "kwi-Terminator" kunye ne "Star Wars" ukuya kwi "Nightmares kwi-Elm Street". Kuzo zonke ezinye izinto, i-porn iyinto efanayo, "yonke into iyimilinganiselo", yonke into yenziwa: iziganeko zokuqala kunye nokunyuka. Akusiyo nto into yokuba u-queen queen of porn manje uthathwa njengowomgangatho ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka onobuqili obomvu uJenna Jamison. Kwisethi yamacandelo okuqeqeshwa enza ukuba umbukeli akholelwa kwizinto ezingenakwenzeka - njengentlobo yesinambuzane kunye ne-anesthesia yendawo yengxaki. I-Porn, ukuzibeka njengeyona nto ingabonakaliyo, iyona nto iyona nto iyinyani.

Iifoto zoononophelo zeklasi eliphezulu kakhulu zihloniphekile, kwiminyaka eyi-25 edlulileyo inayo ibhaso layo, elibizwa ngokuba "u-Oscar owonwabileyo", - ama-AVN Award. Kananjalo unamaqela amaninzi ngaphezu kwe-Oscar Cinema: abavuzi nje kuphela iitalente zesenzo, kodwa kunye nezakhono zobugcisa, kwaye ekugqibeleni ayithethi ubugcisa bomqhubi kunye nomhleli - kukho ukutyunjwa kwe-blowjob ehamba phambili, eyona nto ibhetele yokulala ngesondo kunye izinto ezifanayo zenkqubo. I-Gay-porn, yafumana kuqala ibhaso kwiimfuno ezikhethiweyo, yathola umvuzo owodwa - amaGayVN Awards.


Ukuqhubela phambili ukuxelisa i- movie enkulu, i-porno iboleke kuye kunye nempumelelo yezobugcisa: ngoko, emva kokuphumelela kwintshwankqiso yamanje (kuyo yonke into yegama) uJacob Cameron "I-Avatar", uLarry Flint ofanayo wamemezela injongo yakhe yokukhulula i-ZB-porno yokuqala. Abalawuli be-cinema ye-revolutionary bathiwa nguTinto Brass ngokwakhe. Enyanisweni, abadali bahlaziswa yinyaniso yokuba ithuba lokubonisa umfanekiso onjalo alikho kuzo zonke iindawo zokudlala.

Kuyo yonke imbali yayo, i-porn ayilanga kuphela izixhobo ezivela "kumzalwana omdala" ohloniphekileyo, kodwa nakwinto ekwabelwana ngayo noluntu. Ngokomzekelo, iifayile zeekhamera ze-movie zaqala ukusetyenziswa ngabaqhubi beefrimu ze-porn - kwakuyimfuneko ukuba ngandlela-thile zifihle isikhumba esilungileyo sabanye abadlali, kwaye ngexesha elifanayo ukucaphukisa emva kokucheba, ukucima kunye nokukhupha okuvela kumaninzi kuthatha. Iimpawu ze-depilation, ezithandwa kakhulu ngenxa yokulungelelanisa, abasebenzisi bokuqala bezithombe zoonobumba. Kubo, ikhondom yabesifazane ibonakali yaqalwa (femidom). Ngama-1980, ngexesha lemfazwe yeefomati zevidiyo ze-Sony Betamax kunye neVHS, oku kuphumelela ngenxa yokuba kwi-VHS-cassette yaphuma i-pornography. Kwaye ekupheleni kwekhulu lama-XX, xa i-intanethi iphumelele kwi-Intanethi, kwakukho kumasayithi eononografi okwakuboniswa okokuqala ngethuba levidiyo ebonakalayo ekuboneni i-inthanethi.


Kuphela abo abangaqhelekanga ngemifanekiso engamanyala abanokuqala bacinga ukuba "iifilimu ezidala" zangoku zinzulu ngakumbi kunemifanekiso ye-retro. Emva kwakho konke, ngezinye iinkqubo zoonografi zenza umsebenzi ongenakulinganiswa ngokupheleleyo, ngokutsho koGeorgia Selyukov, isondo sezocansi, MD: "Iidemon zihlala zenziwe ukuze umbukeli - ngokuqhelekileyo umntu - abeke ukubeka kwindawo yenye yeziqhawe kunye nokubonga kwindlela yokwenziwa kwengqondo. ukufumana uvuyo kunye nokwaneliseka ngokwesondo. Into kuphela ehluke kwixesha lethu elivela kwilapho yangaphambili kukuba i-porn manje sele ifikeleleke ngakumbi kunaphambili, ngenxa ye-intanethi. "


Nangona kunjalo, ukuba awukhangeli kwimo, kodwa kumxholo, kubonakala ngathi abaphulaphuli ekuqaleni kwe-XX kunye nokuphela kwekhulu le-XXI bathanda into efanayo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ifashini yatshintsha njani. Ngaloo ndlela, i-porn iyindlela ekhuselekileyo, kungakhathaliseki ukuba isigqibo esingaba nesigqibo siphumelele kangakanani. Yaye yintoni enokuyongezwa kwinkqubo engatshintshi kwimbali yoluntu?