Ngokuphathelele ukuphuma kwamanzi kuthethwa ngeempawu kunye neempawu, kwimeko apho kuyimfuneko ukuthatha amanyathelo afike ngexesha. Unokumnceda njani umntwana ophuma ngegazi, funda kwinqaku ethi "Iintlobo zokuphaphaza, uncedo lokuqala lokuphuma kwegazi."
Iintlobo zokukhupha
- Ukuphuma kwegazi: ukulahleka kwegazi ngenxa yokudlulela kwodonga lweyodwa okanye ngaphezulu kwemithambo. Igazi libomvu, liphuma ngezihlandlo kunye namajelo ngexesha kunye neentliziyo zecala. Phakamisa isayithi yokulimala kwaye usebenzise i-bandage eqinile. Ukuba igazi liyaqhubeka, litsala umzimba ngaphezu kwesilonda kunye ne-bandage elastic kuze kube yilapho ukuphuma kwegazi kuphelile. Ukuba ukuhanjiswa kwesigulane kwiziko lonyango kuthatha ngaphezu kweyure, oku kulungiswa kwe-tourniquet kufuneka kutyhafiswe ukubuyisela umjikelezo wegazi, uze uqinise kwakhona.
- Ukuphuma kwegazi: ukulahlekelwa kwegazi kwi-vein. Igazi limnyama, ligeleza kumlambo oqhubekayo, ngamanye amaxesha kakhulu (ngokukodwa xa umonakalo omkhulu ubonakaliswe). Faka isicelo kwi-bandage eqinile; ukuba isalathiso siphumelele, ukuba kunokwenzeka, sikhuphe kwinqanaba lentliziyo, ngaphandle kokususa i-bandage. Ukuba ukugqoka kufakwe igazi, utshintshe.
- I-Capillary yegazi: ukulahleka kwegazi kwi-capillaries. Igazi lifana nombala ofana negazi elixhamlayo, ekubeni i-capillaries iqulethe igazi legazi kunye negazi. Igazi lihamba ngokukhawuleza. Ngokuqhelekileyo, ukuphuma okunjalo kwenzeka ngamanxeba angenangqondo, kulula ukuyeka.
- Ukuphuma kwangaphakathi. Izimpawu zabo: izibilini, i-pallor, i-sweating, ukuphefumula ngokukhawuleza, i-pulse esheshayo kodwa ephosakeleyo, ixhala. Ukuphuma kwamanzi kwangaphandle, nokuba ukulahlekelwa kwengqondo kunokwenzeka. Kule meko, yibeka ixhoba emhlane wakhe, pha kamisa imilenze uze uyibophe emgqeni. Khangela ukuphefumula kunye ne-pulse, gubungela isigulane ngengubo. Musa ukumnika isiselo. Ngomdla ngokumthabatha esibhedlela.
Uncedo lokuqala lokuphuma kwegazi:
1. Beka i-handkerchief ecocekileyo okanye isambatho kwilonda, yinyanzela ngesandla sakho. Ukuba akukho zicubu ezisezantsi, zama ukumboza isilonda ngeminwe yakho nasesigodini.
2. Ukusebenzisa uxinzelelo ngqo kwilonda, cinezela ngokukhawuleza izicubu okanye iingubo kwaye ubhinqe isilonda kunye ne-bandage (ungayitshintsha ngetayileni yendiza okanye ityayi).
3. Ukuphakamisa inxalenye echaphazelekayo yomzimba - ngaphandle kokuba kungekho ziqhekeza.
Ukuhlamba kusuka ekhaleni:
Hlala umntwana phezu kwebhakethi okanye esinye isitya, umcele ukuba anciphise intloko. Umntwana kufanele aphefumule ngomlomo wakhe kwaye angagxinyi igazi. Qinisa ngokukhawuleza impumlo imizuzu embalwa. Ukuba ukuphuma kwegazi akuyeki, phinda kwakhona. Ukuba ukuphuma kwegazi akungavumi, ngenyameko faka i gauze ehlanganiswe (ephawulwe nge-hydrogen peroxide okanye enye into enciphisa imithwalo yegazi) kwi-nostril, apho igazi liphuma khona. Cinezela iqhwa kwi-nostril ephumayo okanye entanyeni (ecaleni okanye ngasemva). Ukuba ukuphuma kwegazi kuthatha imizuzu engaphezu kwe-30, thabatha umntwana kwiziko lonyango elisondeleyo. Kukho imithwalo yegazi emininzi kwimpumlo, kubandakanywa i-arterioles encinci, ehamba ngokulula. Ukutyhalwa kwipumphu kudla ngokubakho ebusika, xa ukufudumala kushisa umquba we-nasal, kukho i-crusts eyenziwa yinkwenkwezi, ukukhwaza empumleni nokuvuthela impumlo. Ngamanye amaxesha ukuphuma kumphumo kubonisa iingxaki ezinzulu - umzekelo, ngokukodwa kwegazi.
4. Ngaba umntwana ulala phantsi.
5. Biza ugqirha okanye i-ambulensi.
6. Mfudumise umntwana, wimboze ngephepha okanye ingubo, faka into engaphantsi,
Ukuba lilele kwindawo ebandayo okanye emanzi.
7. Ukuba umntwana uyazi kwaye angasela, mnike itiye okanye amanzi. Ukuba akayikuqonda kwaye uphala ngegazi emzimbeni, awukwazi ukumnika amanzi.
8. Ukuba awukwazi ukumisa ukuphuma kwegazi ngenxa yokulimala, ukuphuka okanye ukugqatswa kwelungu, sebenzisa i-tourniquet.
9. Njengesixuku, ungasebenzisa nayiphi na intambo ebanzi. Ungalokothi usebenzise i-wire, laces okanye ezinye izinto ezifanayo. Faka isicelo se-tourniquet kwinxalenye ephezulu yelungu elingaphezulu kwesilonda. Mbophe iqhina ngokubamba intonga emfutshane kuyo, wenze enye ihlunu, uze ujikeleze intonga uze unqabile ukuba umlenze uphephe.
10. Ukuba uxolo lulibazisekile, i-tourniquet kufuneka ikhululiwe yonke imizuzu engama-20. Ukuba ukuphuma kwegazi kuyekile, musa ukuqinisa umnqweno we-tourniquet, kodwa lungele usebenzise kwakhona xa ukuphuma kwegazi kuqhubeka. Endleleni eya esibhedlele, jonga i-tourniquet rhoqo. Ngoku siyazi ukuba ziphi iintlobo zokuphuma kwegazi, lokuqala uncedo lokuphuma kwegazi.