Kwi-genus Cineraria unako ukubala iintlobo ezi-50 zezityalo ezisezintsapho ze-astroids. Zizona zihlandlo ezininzi zityalo ezinotywala, kodwa zikhona neziqingatha. Ukusabalala kwabo kwiindawo ezitshisayo zaseAfrika, nakwiiCanary Islands naseMadagascar. Eli hlobo lusekufuphi nelinye uhlobo lwesityalo - iSenecia, okubandakanya iintlobo eziliqela zezityalo ezivela kwi-genus Cineraria, ezikhulile ngenjongo yokuhlobisa.
Iintlobo
Ukukhula ekhaya, kuphela uhlobo olulodwa lwesityalo oluqhelekileyo lisetyenzisiweyo - ligazi lamanzi. Elinye igama le ntlobo yiCineraria Hybrid, iCrest Bloodstst. Umhlaba wasezantsi wezilwanyana yii-Canary Islands. I-Cineraria hybrid iyisityalo se-herbaceous, esingapheliyo, ukuphakama kwayo kungafikelela kuma-60 cm. Amagqabi anama-cordate, kwaye imida iyadibana. Unayo i-petal enepalini enamaphiko. I-Inflorescences iqokelelwa kwiibhasikiti ezininzi kwaye zinemibala eminingi yombala.
Ukunyamekelwa kwesityalo
Ukukhanyisa. Iintyatyambo zangaphakathi ze-hybrid cineraria zithanda ukukhanya okukhanyayo, kodwa ngaphandle kwemisebe yelanga kubo. Ukuthetha ngecala lehlabathi, bakhetha amacandelo asentshona nakuma empuma. Ngasentla, isityalo sinokutshisa kwaye, ukuba sisesezantsi, kuyimfuneko ukuba uyikhuphe kwimida ecacileyo. Ngasenyakatho, ngokuchaseneyo, isityalo singenakho ukukhanya okwaneleyo kwizityalo. Kodwa ukuba kukho ukukhanya okwaneleyo ngasenyakatho, oku kuya kuba yindawo efanelekileyo kakhulu yokulima, ekubeni isityalo sithathwa njengothando olupholileyo.
Ulawulo lokushisa. Ulawulo lokushisa kufuneka lunikwe ingqwalasela eyongeziweyo, kunokuba lube lukhuni ngokumalunga nalokhu. I-Hybrid cineraria ayithandi ukushisa, ngoko yigcine kwindawo epholileyo. Iqondo lokushisa eliphezulu liyi-15C, kodwa akufanele lihlahle ngaphantsi + 8C. Kunzima kakhulu kwisityalo kwiqondo lokubanda ngaphezulu + 20 ° C.
Ukunisela. ICineraria kufuneka ihlaziywe rhoqo. Ukuba igumbi apho isityalo sitholile khona, ke ukutyilisa kufuneka kube ngenyameko, kuba kunokwenzeka ukuba ungaphezu komhlaba. Umswakama we-substrate kufuneka ugcinwe ngokumodareyithwa, ugweme ukuma okanye ukugqithisa. Amanzi ayadingeka, ahlale ehlala, eqondo lokushisa.
Ukuthotywa komoya. I-Cineraria hybrid ithanda ukunyuka kwamanzi, nangona ayinakufuthwa. Ukulungiswa komzimba kukulungele ukusebenzisa abenzi be-humidity of air, kwaye nayo ingafakwa kwi-pallet enobudaka obwandisiweyo.
Ukuzaliswa. Ukuzaliswa kubonakala ngembewu. Bamele bahlwayelwe ngamaxesha ahlukileyo ukusuka ngoJuni ukuya kuOktobha. Ukuba udinga ukufumana iintyatyambo, uhlwayelwe ukususela ekuqaleni kwebusika ukuya phakathi kwentwasahlobo; ukuqala kweentyantyambo - ngoMeyi, ngoJuni. Emva kokuhlwayela iintyatyambo, kufuneka kuthathe iinyanga ezi-8-9. Isitya sokukhusela kufuneka sibe nomxube weqabunga lomhlaba kunye ne-humus, kwaye wongeza isanti, umxube kufuneka uhlanjwe. Isitya esinezi imbewu sigcinwe kwigumbi kunye nobushushu be-20-22 ° C. Emva kokuba imbewu ivukile, kufuneka idibene kumxube ofanayo, kodwa ngokudibanisa umhlaba we-sod. I-Leaf kunye nomhlaba we-humus iyadingeka kwiingxenye ezi-4, i-humus - izingxenye ezi-2, kunye nesanti enye inxalenye. Isitya esinezihlumela sifakwa kwindawo yokuthambisa okanye ukutsalwa kwetreenhouse ukwenzela ukuba isityalo senzeke ngokukhawuleza ukuvula umoya. Amanzi kufuneka abe yimini. Ukuba imini ilanga, kufuneka bafakwe kunye ne-pritenyat. Ngexesha elizayo bayaya kwi-hotbed ebushushu. Ehlabathini, kufuneka udibanise i-2 kg yesidlo sesithambo (nganye kwi-1 meter square), kwaye izityalo ezithunyelwa kuyo zityalwe kwiipotsha ezincinci. Ukuba i-cineraria ihlwayelwe kwangethuba, iipot kufuneka zibe ncinane kunezo zihlwayelwe ngoJulayi-Agasti. Iipotyi zifakwa kwindawo yokubamba ukushisa okulula kunye nobushushu + 10-12C. Emva kokuvela kweengcambu, iqondo lokushisa liye linciphisa libe ngu-4-6C, kwaye igumbi lomoya. Ekupheleni kwekwindla, ukunyusa kufuneka kuncitshiswe, kodwa kungavunyelwa ukuba kume. Ekupheleni konyaka wobusika, ukushisa kufuneka kuphinde kwandiswe kwixabiso langaphambili, ngelixa ukutyhala kunye nexesha lokuphuphuma umoya kufuneka linyuswe. Emva kokuba i-buds ibonakale, iqondo lokushisa liya kwanda, ukuya ku-15-18 ° C. Isityalo siya kutyhubela entwasahlobo. Ukuba isityalo sahlwayelwa ngoJulayi-Agasti okanye kamva, ngoko ngoFebhuwari ukushisa akukhulanga ukulibazisa ukuhamba kwenyanga.
Ukuba unqwenela, izityalo, eziye zaveliswa ngokwaneleyo emva kokukhethwa kokuqala, zaqala ukutsalwa ehlobo kwi-greenhouse ebandayo, kwaye ngoSeptemba zahlwayelwa kwizimbiza eziphakathi kwaye zafakwa kwindawo yokugcina i-greenhouse. Emva kokuqala kwimozulu ebanda, iimbiza ziziswa kwi-greenhouse. Ezi zityalo ziya kutyhubela ngoJanuwari. Kwiifama ezininzi zeentyatyambo, ngamanye amaxesha i-cineraria ayidluliselwe ukusuka kwincinci ukuya kwi-pot enkulu, iyakutyaliswa ngokukhawuleza ngobukhulu bebhodlela abaza kuwela kuyo kwisitoreji.
I-cineraria kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ube nesondlo esihle somhlaba. Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukutya rhoqo isondlo. Oku kwenziwa ezimbini okanye kathathu ngenyanga. Iindlela ezi-0.25% -0.3% isisombululo se-microfertilizers; ngexesha lokukhula longezelelwa ngeveki. Emva kokuvela kwemifuno, i-cineraria idla ngokutya kungekhona nje kuphela ngamachumisi e-mineral, kodwa i-organic, eyongezelela isichumisi enye enye ngeveki.
Ubunzima obunokwenzeka
Ukukhula kwezi ntyatyambo ezindlini, kunzima ukugcina zonke iimeko ezifunekayo kule sityalo. Yingakho rhoqo u-cineraria uyafa xa ekhulile egumbini.
Ukuba izityalo ziyaqhakaza kakuhle, mhlawumbi oku kungenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokuntuleka kokunisela. Isityalo singasweleki ukukhanya.
Amaqabunga angajika kwaye aqale ukubola xa isityalo siphelile kwaye singanelanga.
Isityalo sinokuchaphazeleka ngama-aphids, powdery isikhutha. Ukulwa nama-aphid kusebenza kwi-0.1% ye-pyrimore, kwaye ilwa nombethe - 0.15% karatan, 0.02% ilitye lesiseko okanye u-2% ukulungiselela isethusi-isepha.
Kwakhona, isityalo sinokusulela isifo, umzekelo, i-phytophthora.