Ziziphi iindibano eyenziwa yikhofi? Ukuqala komhla omtsha, ikhefu kunye nabalingane eofisini, usuku lokuthandana kwi-cafe, intlanganiso yezoshishino, ukunxibelelana okulungileyo kunye nabahlobo ... Olu luhlu lunokuqhubeka ngonaphakade: ikhofu sele iyingxenye ebalulekileyo yobomi bethu. Kukholelwa ukuba ngokuthandwa kwayo, kuveliswa kuphela kumanzi. Iipropati eziwusizo zekhofi emnyama zinenani elininzi lama micronutrients ebalulekileyo kunye ne-antioxidants.
Ikofi kwangoko kwakubonwa njengomculo ozithandayo weimvumi, iibongozi kunye nabacingisi. Ngokomzekelo, u-Honore de Balzac wayenokuphuza ngokukhawuleza ukuya kwiikomityi zekhofi ezingama-60 ngosuku. Ngokufanayo nefuthe liyi-predilection kaVoltaire, owatshisa iikomityi ezingama-50 ngosuku. Ngokuqinisekileyo, ukugqithisa okunjalo akudluli ngaphandle kwempilo yabo ...
Kwisikhokelo sethu somthengi, sazama ukuqokelela iinkcukacha ezahlukeneyo malunga nalesi siselo: kuphi na nini okokuqala ikhofi yafunyanwa, indlela yokuyiphuza ngayo, kungekulimaza impilo, yiziphi iindlela zokulungiselela, kunye nokunye.
Isiselo sokonwaba
Kule mini, iingxabano zenziwa malunga nomphumo wekhofi kumzimba womntu. Ngaphakathi kwebhontshisi yekhofi iqukethe iikhemikhali ezingaphezu kwamawaka amabini, apho isiqingatha esithile sifunde. Ngako-ke kukho ezininzi izinto ezintsha ezisekuqaleni. Yintoni eyaziwayo ngokuqinisekileyo: i-cafeine ineempembelelo ezithandekayo kwinkqubo yesistim ephakathi (iyanciphisa iinqanawa zengqondo, ivuselela umsebenzi wengqondo). Yingakho ikomityi ye-nectar epholileyo inokukwazi ukujamelana nokuzelazela kunye nentloko, ngaphandle kwayo yinto enokubandezeleka kakhulu (kubonga kwihommoni yolonwabo equlethwe yi-serotonin).
Izixhobo ezixhamlayo zekhofi emnyama efanelwe idumela le-aphrodisiac: i-caffeine ivuselela indawo yengqondo ejongene nokuvusa isondo. Ngoko musa ukuhlambela kusasa ukuze uchithe ikhofi oyithandayo ebhedeni.
Uphando olutsha lubonise ukuba inkomishi yekhofi yenza kube lula ukusebenzisa kunye nokukhulula intlungu yesisu emva kokuqhathanisa ukusebenza kwi-gym.
I-Espresso idla ngokusetyenziswa ngeglasi yamanzi okusela okubanda, ukuphunga okukunceda ukuziva zonke iziqhelo zengcamango.
Isikhokelo seCffeemaker
Ingcamango yesiselo ixhomekeka kwizinto ezininzi: iiklasi zekhofi, ukugaya kakhulu kunye nokutya okuziinkozo.
Iintlobo ezahlukeneyo
Ukubaluleka kwezezimboni kuneentlobo ezimbini ezibalulekileyo zemithi yekhofi: i-Arabica neRobusta. I-Arabica ine-flavour ecocekileyo kunye nephunga elicebileyo, elityebileyo. Olu hlobo lweentlobo luyakhathalela kakhulu utshintsho lweqondo lokushisa kunye nezinambuzane ezahlukeneyo. I-quarter quarters ye-coffee production world.
I-Robusta ayixhomekeke phantsi kwiimeko zokukhula. Nangona kunjalo, kungaphantsi kweArabhuka ngeempawu zayo ezibalaseleyo: ukunambitheka kwayo kunamandla, kunzima kwaye kukhwankqisa. Ukongeza, le ntlobo iqulethe kabili i-caffeine.
Njengomthetho, kwiivenkile zaseUkraine izixube zombini iintlobo ngeendlela ezihlukeneyo zenziwa, ezibangela uluhlu olubanzi lwesinambatho nephunga.
IsiGanga sokuthoba i-grains
Ukususela kwiingqolowa ezifanayo kwinkqubo yokuloba, unokufumana ikhofi yezinto ezahlukeneyo. Kukho amadididi amaninzi okugcobayo: ukukhanya (iScandinavia), ephakathi (iVienese), eqinile (isiFrentshi) kwaye ekugqibeleni, inzima kakhulu (isiTaliyane). Kukholelwa ukuba ixesha elide lonyango lwezityalo luhlala ixesha elide, xa kusebenza ngakumbi ngamafutha abalulekileyo. Ngako oko, kwaye i-flagrance iyaba yinto egcweleyo, ngokukrakra.
Indlela kunye negradi yokugaya
Ekuqaleni iibhontshisi zekhofi zaziphekwe ngokupheleleyo, zaza zityhulwa emdakeni. Kuphela xa ikhofi yafika eTurkey, yaqala ukugawula kwisigxina.
Abaqhelanisi bezinto ezixhamlayo zekhofi emnyama batusa ukusebenzisa i-grinder ngetye lokumisela ukusela. Ukuba unesisitshixo sokujikeleza (kunye nemimese), zama ukungavumeli ukugqithisa okunzulu kwintsimbi: inkolelo kunye nephunga lekhofi lilahlekelwa kakhulu.
Kukho amadidi angama-grish of grains of grains: kuthuli, elincinci, eliphakathi kunye nelisileyo. Imbali yekhofi yaqala iminyaka emininzi phambi koKrestu kwiphondo laseKafa (iTopiya, eMpuma Afrika). Ngokomnye weengcamango ezininzi, umalusi ongumTiyopiya uCaldi wamangaliswa yindlela yokuziphatha yeebhokhwe zakhe emva kokuhlafuna isiqhamo esibomvu somthi wekhofi. Emva koko umalusi onomdla wazigqiba ukuba azame amajikijolo afana nama-cherries. Kubonakala ukuba, bafanelwe ukuba batye, kuba kungekudala ikhofi yaba isiphuzo esisithandayo sama-Arabhu. Kuze kube ngekhulu le-17, ikhofi yanda kakhulu kwi-Peninsula yase-Arabia. Kwangexesha elide, ukuthunyelwa kweefama ezivuniweyo (ezingahlanjulwanga) zavinjelwe - ukukhusela ukulima kwazo kwezinye iindawo. Nangona kunjalo, ngowe-1616 amaDatshi akwazi ukukhwela ngamagqabi "aphile" amaninzi. Kamva baqala ukukhula ikhofi kumakholoni e-Indiya nase-Indonesia (namhlanje le ndawo yowesine ewona mkhulu mkhulu wekhofi kwihlabathi). Ookuqala ukuzisa ikhofi eYurophu yayingabarhwebi baseVeneen (ekuqaleni kwekhulu le-17). Okokuqala, ukukhishwa kwimbotyi yeefotyi kwakusetyenziselwa ukulungiselela unyango, kodwa ngowe-1646 indlu yokuqala yekhofi yavulwa eVenice. Kungekudala amaziko anjalo avela lonke elaseYurophu. ERashiya, ikhofi yavela kumlawuli uPetros I, owayengumlutha wesiselo esiqhumayo ngelixa e-Holland. Namhlanje, ibhontshisi yekhofi yenye yezona zinto zixabisekileyo kwizorhwebo lehlabathi, ekubaluleka kwayo okwesibini kuphela kwioli.
Uninzi lwabathandwa bekhofi lukhetha ukongeza iintlobo zeziqholo kwikhofi, ezinika isiselo esinambithekisayo esiphunga kunye neengongoma ezongezelelweyo zokunambitha. Zama i-cardamom, i-sinamon, i-nutmeg, i-clove, i-ginger kunye ne-pepper e-sweet.
Yonke into
Iindlela zokulungiselela
Ikhofi empuma (eTurkey)
1 tsp. Ikhofi ephantsi komhlaba yokulala e-dzhez (iTurk) kwaye uthele isigamu seglasi yamanzi abandayo. Ukupheka ubushushu ngaphandle kokudibanisa. Ngokukhawuleza ukuba i-foam ikhofi iqala ukunyuka, susa ekushiseni kwaye, ngaphandle kokucoca, uthele ikhofi kwiikomityi. Inkcazo yeFransi (indlela ye-piston) Ikofi enqabileyo yokulala ephantsi kwinqanawa ephezulu yeglasi, uze uthele amanzi abilayo. Vumela isiselo ukuphuza imizuzu emi-5, uze uhlule i-piston ehlanganiswe kwisibambiso. Indlela yokuhamba (ukucoca) Indlela elula yokuphuza ikhofi. Ikofu yendawo yokugaya igqityiweyo kwisihlunu se-cone. Amanzi ashushu amaninzi anikezelwa ngokulahla, apho emva kokutsalwa kwithunyelwa kwihofu yekhofi. Umatshini wekhofi ohlobo lwe-Geyser. Esi sixhobo sinamacandelo amathathu. Emanzini angaphantsi athululelwa, phakathi komnye ubeka ikhofi ephihliweyo, phezu kwesiselo esiphuculweyo. Umphunga omlilo uphuma nge-geyser kwaye udlula ngaphaya kwetena ephezulu. Ikhofi ivela ngamandla kwaye igcwele. Umshini wokucoca ukomatshini kwikhofi ye-espresso ilungiselelwe ngaphantsi komzuzu - cinezela iqhosha elinye. Umgaqo wokusebenza usekelwe kwinqanaba le-steam ngaphantsi kwengcinezelo ephezulu ngokusebenzisa ikhofi edibeneyo.
Iziphuzo zekhofi
Ukusuka kumazwi angaphandle angaphandle kwimenyu yezindlu zekhofi zanamhlanje, amehlo aphakama. Masihambe kwiindlela zokupheka eziphambili. I-Espresso ngu "kumkani" kwi-legion of drinks of coffee: kungenxa yokuba zonke ezinye iintlobo zilungiselelwe. Ukukhonza omnye, i-gram e-7 yekhofi yomhlaba (1 ithispoon) kunye ne-40 ml yamanzi ashushu afunekayo. I-American - espresso kunye nokongezwa kwamanzi abilayo. Inani eliqhelekileyo li--120 ml. I-Cappuccino-espresso kunye ne-milk foam ephosiweyo (ikhonza nge-sinamon). Ubisi bubethelwa ngomshini we-espresso kunye ne-generator. I-Ristretto yikhofi egxininiswe kakhulu kwaye ivuselela (7 g yekhofi i-20-25 ml yamanzi). Icandelo lenzelwe i-1-2 sips. Isetyenziswe, njengomthetho, ngaphandle kweshukela. Khonze ngeglasi yamanzi abandayo. I-latte yindawo yokutya elinezigaba ezintathu: ubisi, i-espresso kunye ne-foam yobisi. Isiselo senziwa kwiglasi ekhethekileyo eneglasi.
Kuphela ezimbini iikomityi zekhofi ngosuku kuya kukunceda ulahlekelwe loo mapaundi angaphezulu. Kule meko, i-thick trench ingasetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zasekhaya.
Ikhofi yendalo iqulethe izinto ezininzi ezinokubangela ukuba iinkampani ezinonophelo ezihamba phambili zibandakanya ukuba zifake kwiikrams kunye nezilwanyana zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba nomzimba. Ukuqulunqwa ngokuqinisekileyo: indebe ye-espresso isebenzise i-metabolism malunga ne-4%. Ukongeza, i-caffeine ikhawuleza ukuphuka kwamanqatha, ukunciphisa ukutya kunye nokuthintela ukutya okudliwayo.
Ikhofi ingasetyenziswa njengendlela yangaphandle. Gxobhoza indawo yekhofi kunye nelotion yomzimba. Hlola ngeendawo ezinengxaki (isisu, isisu, izibhokhwe) uze uzifake ifilimu yokutya. Emva kweyure, yihlambe kwaye usebenzise ubisi olunomsoco. Ngethuba le-coffee wraps, i-caffeine ingena kwi-tissu edibeneyo ye-adipose. Yaye iinqununu ziyazihlamba ikhumba, zenze ngcono ukunikezelwa kwegazi kunye ne-lymph flow.
Ukuhlanjululwa ngokujulileyo kuya kunceda isikhumba sakho sikhanyise! Ngokuhlwa, emva kokuba uhlambe i-makeup, thatha ikhefu encinane yekhofi yomhlaba kwaye udibanise kakuhle kunye nekhefu yakho eqhelekileyo. Umxube obangelwayo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-2-3 ngokucokisekileyo ugubungela kwesikhumba ebusweni ngokubhekiselele kwimigca yokusila, uze uhlambe ngamanzi afudumeleyo. Yenza kanye kanye ngeveki.
Ukucoca ulusu lomzimba kwiiseli ezifile, thatha ikhofi yomhlaba (ungadakwa) kunye ne-sodium umzimba (imizuzu emi-5). Le nkqubo inakekela ingxaki yesikhumba emilenzeni nasesisu, idibanise ngokucacileyo kwaye ihlambulule isikhumba, iphinde isuse i-toxins.
I-caffeine encinane
Kubantu abaninzi, ngenxa yezizathu ezithile okanye enye, ikhofi yendalo iyaphikisana. Isisombululo safunyanwa: ukususela ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-20, ikhofi ye-decaffeinated yaqala ukuveliswa e-USA. Nangona kunjalo, le mveliso ayinakuyithathwa njengeluncedo, kuba iindlela zokusetyenziswa kweekhemikhali zisetyenziselwa ukukhipha i-cafeine kwiibinki. Umzekelo, i-methylene chloride kunye ne-acetate ye-ethyl isetyenzisiwe, iindawo eziseleyo ezinokungena kwimveliso yokugqibela. Ngomnyaka we-1979, iSwitzerland yaqulunqa indlela apho amanzi asetyenziswayo kunye namacwecwe aseburhulumenteni asetyenziswa. Nangona kunjalo, kuyabiza, ngenxa yoko ayizange ifumane ukusabalalisa ngokubanzi. Kwixesha elizayo elisondeleyo, izazinzulu ziceba ukusebenzisa iindlela zobunjineli zobunjineli ukuvimba umbane onoxanduva lokusasazwa kwe-caffeine kwiingqolowa. Akufuneki ukuthetha, ukuba ukhuseleko lwe-GMO phantsi kombuzo omkhulu?