Ubunzima bomntwana kule veki yokukhulelwa li malunga ne-300-370 amagremu. Iilishi kunye neelusiki sele zihlotshisiwe. Kwiiveki ezingama-21, kunokwenzeka ukuba, loo ntokazi sele ivakalelwa ukuhamba komntwana. Ngexesha lokuphumla kwaye ngaphambi kokulala ebusuku, umfazi unokuphulaphula ngakumbi, ngoko kubonakala ngathi umntwana usebenze ngakumbi. Kwixesha elidlulileyo leentsuku ezingama-21, umntwana sele eshaqa ngaphakathi kwesibeleko njengoko ufuna.
Ikhalenda yokukhulelwa: usana luguquka
Ngokuqhelekileyo umntwana uba kwindawo ethile (isilungiselelo) ekupheleni kwesi sihlandlo sokukhulelwa. Enyanisweni, abanye abantwana banokuhamba ngokukhawuleza kude kube kamva. Endaweni ethile kulo mhla, thumela kwi-ultrasound yesibini, ongayifumana ngayo isondo sekusasa lomntwana, kodwa ngoku ungakwazi ukuzibandakanya kunye nekhalenda yaseTshayina, iimpawu zomntu, izigaba zenyanga kunye nezinye iindlela zokumelana ngesondo lomntwana.
Ngexesha, ukusetyenziswa kwamalungu onke kwenkqubo ye-endocrine kuqala: i-pituitary gland, i-epiphysis, i-adrenal gland, i-pancreas, i-thyroid kunye ne-parathyroid gland. IiHormones, eziyimfuneko, zichaphazela kakhulu ukukhula kunye nophuhliso lomntwana. Kulo xesha ukubunjwa kwe-immunity yakhe engaqaliyo kuqala ngexabiso lentengo kumntwana ngokusebenzisa i-placenta yamalungu omzimba wokhuseleko lomama. Kwiiveki ezingama-21 zesisu, ingqondo iqhubekela phambili, i-vestibular apparatus yenziwa.
Kwakhona ngeemeconium
I-Meconium - intsimbi yasekuqaleni yimithombo ye-amniotic fluid, engagciniwe yinkqubo yokugaya umntwana. Le nkunkuma ihluke kumbala: ukusuka eluhlaza okomnyama ukuya kumbala obomvu, uphuma kwikholoni yengane ixesha elithile ngaphambi kokuqala kwenkqubo yokuzalwa, ngexesha nangemva kokuzalwa komntwana. Ukuba unokwenziwa kwamathumbu kunye ne-meconium engene kwi-amniotic fluid, isana esincinci singayigwinya ngaphambi kokuba kuvezwe okanye ngexesha labo. Ukuba i-meconium ingena kwimiphunga, ingakhokelela ekubangeni kwe-pneumonia. Ngoko ke, ukuba umbelethisi ubona ukuba i-meconium ingene emlonyeni womntwana, uyisusa ngokukhawuleza ngokuyiphula, usebenzisa ityhubhu encinane.
Ikhalenda yokukhulelwa iiveki ezingama-21: utshintsho kumama ozayo
Ngokwenene, kule veki le ntokazi iziva ikhululekile. Ubunzima bayo bunzima phakathi kwe-4.5 no-6.3 kg. Ungakwazi ukuphumla kwaye ujabule, kuba phambi kwekota yesithathu, ngeli xesha umntwana uya kuba nzima kakhulu kwaye akuyi kuhamba nje.
Kodwa iiveki ezingama-21 zokukhulelwa azikwazi ukwenza ngaphandle kweengxaki ezincinci: iindlovu ezixhamlayo zandisa umsebenzi wazo, ezinokubangela ukubonakala kwe-acne. Ungakulibali ukuhlamba iimveliso ezizithobileyo kabini ngosuku, kodwa akufanele uthabathe amayeza, ngakumbi ama-hormone. Ngoku kukho ukuthambekela kwezilonda ze-varicose. Ukukhulelwa kuyongeza ubunzima emilenzeni kwaye, ngokuqinisekileyo, iimvumba kunye nomthamo wegazi okwandisiweyo kunye nenqanaba elikhulu leprogesterone, elivuselela iindonga zeempahla. Ukuba izilonda ze-varicose zivela kanye, ziza kuphazamiseka nokukhulelwa okulandelayo, ziyakwenzeka kwimilenze, kwi-vulva.
Ukuba umama ozayo unomlenze womlenze, nangayiphi na imeko kufuneka ugqoke amabhandeki aqinisiweyo, unokuphucula ukujikelezwa kwegazi ngokuhamba ngeenyawo kwaye ulala nemilenze ephakanyiswayo emlanjeni.
Ukuzalwa kwangaphambili
Kukho izizathu ezininzi ezibangela ukuzalwa kwangaphambi kwexesha: ukusuleleka kwezesondo, iingxaki ze-placenta, umlomo wesibeleko. Nangona kunjalo, kungekho kuzo zonke iimeko, oogqirha banokuthi yintoni ebangela ukuba umntwana avele ngaphambi kwekota. Eyona ndlela ikhethekileyo kukuba nolwazi lweempawu zokuzalwa ngaphambi kokuzalwa nokuziphatha xa zenzeka.
- iziphambano ezingaphezulu kwama-5
- igazi elibomvu ukusuka kwinqanaba lomzimba lifihliwe
- ubuso obuvuvukileyo okanye obushushu okanye izandla, iimpawu zokuqala kwe-eclampsia
- Intlungu iqhubeka ngexesha lokucoca
- ukuvela kweentlungu ezibukhali okanye ezide kwisisu (uphawu lwe-pre-eclampsia)
- ukuvela kokuhlanza okunzima okanye okuqhubekayo, urhudo (uphawu lwe-pre-eclampsia)
- ngokukhawuleza i-liquid watery liquid ishiya iphetshana lesisu
- ukubonakala kweentlungu ezibuhlungu ezisezantsi okanye ezantsi
- ukuvela koxinzelelo oluqinileyo kwi-pelvis
Ukuba unayo le mpawu, kufuneka ufune ngokukhawuleza ubize i-ambulensi.
I-baby nondescript engaphezulu, esondela kwiiveki ezingama-37 zokukhulelwa ezinde, eziphakamileyo amathuba okuba nesiphumo esihle somsebenzi. Abantwana abazalelwe kwiiveki ezingama-34 ukuya kuma-37, ngokuqinisekileyo abanakufumana ubunzima obukhethekileyo. Ukuba ukubeletha kuqala phambi kweeveki ezingama-34 zokukhulelwa, abasebenzi basezibhedlele basebhedlele bangazama ukumisa inkqubo yokuzalwa, ubuncinane kwiintsuku ezimbalwa. Eli xesha lifuneka ukuba lilungiselele umntwana olula. Iintsana ezizalelwa kwiveki yama-24 yokukhulelwa ziza kufuna unonophelo olunzulu kunye nezixhobo zakutshanje.
I-Thrombosis ekukhulelweni
Enye yeengxaki zokukhulelwa, enokuba yinkinga enkulu, ukubonakala kweempahla kwiimpahla zemilenze. Izimpawu zabo ukuvuvuka kwemilenze, ehamba kunye nentlungu, ukutshisa, ubomvu kwendawo echaphazelekayo. Le nkcenkceshi ibizwa ngokungafaniyo: i-venous thromboembolism, i-venous thrombosis, i-thrombophlebitis kunye nabanye. Ezi zifo - oku akusiyo umphumo ngqo wokukhulelwa, kodwa ngeli xesha kukho indalo yazo zonke izinto ezifunekayo ekuphuhlisweni kwazo. Zibangelwa ukuba iinguqulelo zegazi ziguquka, ukuhamba kwegazi kuhamba kweempahla zemilenze ngenxa yoxinzelelo lwentsholongwane, ukubunjwa kwegazi kunye nempembelelo yeendlela zokwenza i-thrombus zitshintsha.
Iiklasi kwiiveki ezingama-21 zokukhulelwa
Unokwenza uluhlu lwezipho umntwana. Nangona umama ozayo engakuthandi ukuba "ulandelele" izipho ezithile, kulo mzekelo, mhlawumbi le yindlela ephela yokufumana izipho ezixhamlayo kunokuba zintlobo ezininzi ezingenasidingo ezininzi. Iiphosiso ezimbini eziqhelekileyo: akudingeki ukuba ulandele iingubo zabantwana, kuba wonke umntu unqwenela izinto ezahlukeneyo. Ngexesha elifanayo izinto zithanda ukuthenga yonke into yabantwana, ngoko baninzi ngaphandle kweluhlu unokufumana inani elikhulu lezitshixo, iisokisi, iibhola, akufuneki ukuba ulindele ukuba bonke bayayithanda.
Okwesibini - ungesabi ukungena eluhlu uluhlu oluthile kunye nelikhulu. Uninzi kunokwenzeka, kuya kubakho abo bafuna ukudibanisa kunye nokuthenga isipho esinjalo kwi-fold.
Utshintsho oluqhelekileyo kwinkqubo yokuphefumula kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo
Abafazi abakhulelwe banomxinano wamanzi ngenxa yokuxhaswa kwe-muscus, okubangelwa yi-estrogen. Isisombululo esiphepheyo sisiphampu sempumlo.
Uluhlu lweenguqu kwiindlela zokuphefumula kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo:
- Ixesha lokuphefumla lihlala lifana;
- Umthamo wokuphefumula ukwanda ngama-0.1 - 0.2 ilitha;
- Umqulu okhutshwayo okhutshwayo uhla ngo-15%;
- Ukunciphisa umthamo wokunciphisa;
- Umlinganiselo obalulekileyo wemiphunga uhlala ufana;
- Umthamo okhuselekileyo ukwanda nge-5%;
- Umthamo wesigxina osebenzayo uncitshiswa ngo-18%;
- Umthamo ngomzuzu wonyuka ngama-40%.