Igama lesiLatini le-genus linikezelwe ngokuhlonipha uNaples inkosana yaseSansevierio: wancedisa ekuphuhlisweni kwezesayensi zendalo. Ngekhulu le-18, i-sanseveria yanda emazweni aseYurophu njengento yezityalo. Esi sityalo esingenakuthobeka, esinobuchule, esifanele ukukhula kwiimeko zegumbi.
Imithetho yokunyamekela.
Ukukhanyisa. Iindlu zeNdlu iSansevera bakhetha ukukhanya okuqhaqhazelisayo, kulula ukuhamba kunye nomthunzi opheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, umntu akafanele akhohlwe ukuba ukukhanya okulukhanyayo kuyadingeka kwisityalo sokuhlukahluka kwesimo: emthunzini, amaqabunga alahlekelwa ngumbala wazo. Iintlobo ze-variegated zingaphatha iqondo elincinci elangeni ngqo, kodwa kufuneka lifakwe emthunzini ukusuka kwimini enkulu yemini.
Ulawulo lokushisa. I-Sansevera isityalo esakhula kakuhle kwiifestile ezisempuma nasentshona. Ngasentla, u-shading uyadingeka ngexesha lokutshisa iiyure zasehlobo. Xa ukhulile kumafasitela asekumntla, amaqabunga abe ngumbala omnyama obala, alahlekelwe ngumbala wayo, kwaye ngenxa yokungabikho kokukhanya, isityalo asiqhakazi. Xa kukho ukungabikho kokukhanya, ukukhanya okongeziweyo kusekwe kwiiyure eziyi-16 ngosuku. Iitampu zokukhanya kwemini zifakwe kumgama wama-30-60 cm kwisityalo. Ehlobo, i-sansevierium ifanele iqhutyelwe emoyeni omtsha kwindawo elomileyo, efudumeleyo, ngelixa ikhusela ukusuka kumvula kunye nokubonelela ngokukhanya. Ebusika, isityalo sidinga ukukhanya kakuhle. I-Sansevera ihlaziywa kumaqondo ashushu. Ingakwazi ukukhula epholile, kwaye kwiimeko ezifudumeleyo. Ngentwasahlobo nasehlotyeni, ukufudumala kwemoya yomoya kukhethiweyo, kwinqanaba le-18-25 ° C. Ngexesha lokubanda, iqondo lokushisa akufanele lihle phantsi kwe-14-16 ° C ixesha elide, ngaphandle koko isityalo siya kugula. I-Sansevieria inokunyamezela ukuhla kweqondo lokufika kwe-5 ° C, kodwa kuphela xa ihlala ifutshane.
Ukunisela. I-Sansevera ikhetha ukuthambisa okulinganayo ukusuka entwasahlobo kuze kube yindlamba: umhlaba kufuneka wome phakathi kokunkcenkceshela. Ebusika, ukutyiliswa kufuneka kuphelelwe kwaye kubekwe ngokuqhelekileyo kuxhomekeke kubushushu bomoya. Xa utyhala nayiphi na imeko, ungavumeli umbane ukuba ungene kwiziko le-outlet, oku kuya kubangela ukubola kwamaqabunga. Ukutyilisa okweyingozi, kunye nokungabi naso kwamagqabi anomswakama alahlekelwa ngumtsalane. Uthotho ludlala indima ebalulekileyo. I-Sansevieria ivame ukunyamezela umoya omile weendawo zokuhlala. Ungakulibali ukusifakela ngokukhawuleza kwaye usule amaqabunga ngendwangu ebomvu esothulini.
Ukugqoka okuphezulu. I-Sansevieria kufuneka ifutywe kanye ngenyanga ngethuba lokukhula (entwasahlobo-ehlobo) ngoncedo lwezityalo ezicoca ngamaminerali kwisiqingatha soxinzelelo. Ukwenza oku, sebenzisa izichumiso ezenzelwe i-cacti okanye izityalo zangaphakathi. Khumbula ukuba i-nitrogen engaphezulu ikhupha ukubola kweengcambu, ngoko ke i-nitrogen-9, P (phosphorus) - 18, K (i-potassium) -9, P (phosphorus) - 18, K (i-potassium) -24. ukulahlekelwa kwamagqabantshintshi. Ngokutya okubi, amaqabunga ayaqina. Ngokumonakalisa ngokomzimba, iingcebiso zamagqabi e-sansevieria zinokuma. Kule meko, kufuneka unqunywe ngokukhawuleza umgca owomileyo wamagqabi, ushiye indawo encinci eyomileyo ngesimo somgca omncinci. Ngaphandle koko, iphepha liya kuqhubeka.
Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo. Ukutshintshwa kwezityalo zeSanveverer zinconywa kuphela xa ibhodlo lisondele kubo: yonke iminyaka emi-2 ibe yincinci kwaye yonke iminyaka emithathu izityalo zabantu abadala. Umqondiso wokuthi isityalo sifuna ukutshintshwa yizimpande ezijikelezayo ebhodweni. Iingcambu ze-sansewieria zivame ukukhula ngobubanzi, ngoko ibhothi kufuneka ikhethiwe, kodwa inkulu. Iingcambu ezinamandla ze-sansevieria ziyakwazi ukuphula amandla angqongqo. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, uya kufumana imilambo eninzi kuphela xa iingcambu zixutywe ngumzi womhlaba. Ngoko ke, amandla omtsha akufanele abe mkhulu kakhulu. Ngaphantsi kwebhodeni kufuneka usebenzise umjelo ukusuka kwinqanaba elincinci, iipotshethi eziphukileyo, iziqhekeza zamalahle, udongwe olwandisiweyo. I-Sansevieria ihlawulela ukubunjwa komhlaba. Kunconywa ukuba usebenzise umxube weqabunga kunye ne-turf ngomhlaba ngesanti kwi-2: 4: 1. I-Peat okanye umhlaba we-humus uyongezwa kuyo. Intlangano enobungqungquthela kunye neqabunga lomhlaba, i-humus nesihlabathi kwisilinganiso se-2: 1: 1: 1. Ngamanye amaxesha umxube usetyenziselwa i-geraniums kunye ne-30% yesihlabathi esiqhekezayo. I-Sansevera iyalinywa kakuhle ngendlela ye-hydroponics.
Ukuzaliswa. Ezi zityalo zangaphakathi zivelisa izityalo: izihluthulelo ezisecaleni, ukwahlula kwe-rhizome, iqabunga okanye ukwahlula kwalo. Iifom variegated zanda ngokuphindaphinda ngokuhlula i-rhizomes ukuze kugcinwe izixhobo zendalo.
Ukuqapha. I-Sansevieria yesithathu ithathele kwisityalo esinetyhefu, iqulethe i-saponin, leyo, xa isetyhefu, ibangele i-nausea nokuhlanza. Qaphela ukuba abantwana abahlaziyi kumaqabunga. Ukuqhagamshelana nomsola wezityalo kunye nolusu alukhumbuzi.
Iingxaki zokunyamekela.
- Ukuba amaqabunga aphendubile, atyhila kwisiseko, aze afe, kuthetha ukuba umhlaba unomanzi okanye ukunkcenkceshela akukwenzi ngendlela eyiyo (ngexesha elipholileyo okanye phakathi kwendawo yokuphuma). Kule meko, isityalo sidinga ukutshintshwa ngokukhawuleza nokususwa kwamaqabunga achaphazelekayo.
- Ukuba iingcambu sele zibolile, zize zizalise izimpilweni ezinempilo zesityalo, umzekelo, inxalenye yeqabunga.
- Ukuba amaqabunga abuna kwaye avule, kwaye akukho manzi asemanzi, isizathu siqabunga ebandayo ye-sansevierium. Yihambisa kwindawo efudumeleyo kwaye ususe nayiphi na amaqabunga awonakele. Kwimeko yokubola, izimpande ezinempilo (inxalenye yeqabunga okanye i-tip ye rosette).
- Ukuba amaqabunga anemibala emnyama emnyama, ithetha ukuba umhlaba unomswakama kwaye isityalo sigcinwe kwigumbi elimnyama.
- Ukuba amaqabunga avela amabala amanqabunga abomvu anemibala ephuzi, ngoko iSansevieria ikhuselwe yi-fungus.
Izinambuzane: isicabucu samantombazane, thrips.