Ezi zichumisi zihlulwe zibe nzima kwaye zilula. Ukwakhiwa kwezichumisi ezilula kufaka esinye isithako esinomsoco: kungenziwa i-phosphorus, i-magnesium okanye i-potassium, i-nitrogen. Yaye iinkalo ziquka izinto ezintathu eziphambili: i-phosphorus, i-potassium kunye ne-nitrogen ngendlela yemichiza eyahlukileyo. Izichumisi ezithe zigqithiseleyo ziza kuba ezo ziqulethe, ngaphezu kwezinto ezintathu eziphambili, enye i-magnesium enee-microelements. Izichumisi zamaminerali ezityalo zangaphakathi zifumaneka kwizorhwebo njengesisombululo, i-granules kunye ne-fertilizer-acting acids (MRLs). Iifomflethi kwi-granules zifakwe emhlabathini ngexesha lokutshala, zinokuhlanjululwa kwinqwelo yokutyalwa kweengcambu kunye nokugqoka. Izisombululo ezicwangcisekileyo zilula ukuyisebenzisa. Zongezwa emanzini, zenza ingcambu kunye nokugqoka okuphezulu.
Ukuba unayo izitya ezingaphezu kwelishumi kunye nezityalo zangaphakathi, kuya kuba lula ukuba uthenge ubunzima bezichumisi ezenziwe ngamaminerali, kwaye ukhethe oko kuqulethwe izinto. Ukuba ingadi yakho yasekhaya ingafaniswa nobukhulu kunye nesityalo, kwaye iqala ukufuna iimali-mali ezinkulu ukuthenga izichumiso, kuya kulungele ukondla izityalo ngamaqhekeza alula kwiiphakheji ezinkulu, zidibanise ngokwakho. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukugqoka okuphezulu kufuneka kube ne-nitrogen equkethe uhlobo lwe-ammonia (urea), kwaye umhlaba kufuneka udliwe nge-oxydes okanye umxube we-nitrogen oxides kunye ne-urea.
Kukho kumgca wesichumisi samaminerali apho inani elongezelelweyo lamagama neenjongo lifumaneka. Inzuzo enkulu yezochumisi kwi-chemical orientation. Yintoni na ukucoca ngamaminerali omgquba wezityalo zangaphakathi unokwahlukana? Ukudibanisa kukuba izityalo zifuna izondlo ngexesha lokukhula kunye nophuhliso olungalinganiyo. Xa isityalo siqala ukukhula, sidinga i-nitrojeni, xa i-phosphorus ne-potassium ziqhakaza kwaye zivelise. Kwaye kungumgquba wamaminerali onokunika isityalo oko kukufunayo, kwaye ngexesha. Ukunciphisa izichumisi zeemaminerali zezityalo zangaphakathi kukuba zodwa zinzima ukulawula. Njengoko uyazi, isityalo kufuneka sithole izinto ezi-sibhozo. Kwaye kwiifomeral fertilizer iqulethe ezintathu kuphela. Kukho enye imeko ebalulekileyo - ukusetyenziswa kwezichumisi zentsimbi kungathintela iipropati zomhlaba, oko kukuthi, i-acidity, inani leetyu, njl., Ngoko kufuneka usebenzise ngokucopheleleyo kwaye uyisebenzise kakuhle! Izichumisi zamaminerali zihlala ziqulethe izondlo ezihlukeneyo kwizinto ezincinci kunye nezikhulu. Isityalo sidinga i-macronutrients, oko kukuthi, nge-nitrogen, kwi-phosphorus kunye ne-potassium, oku kuqukwa kuquka i-magnesium, i-calcium ne-sulfure. Izinto ezilandelelanayo ziquka insimbi, i-zinc, i-manganese, ithusi, i-molybdenum ne-boron, eyenza kwisityalo enye yemisebenzi ebalulekileyo. Ukulungiselela isityalo, izinto ezifunekayo zifunwa ngobuncinci, kwaye ukungabi nako kwabo kunempembelelo embi kwintlobo yesityalo kunye neentyantyambo zayo, ukuhluma.
I-nitrojeni-into ebalulekileyo yokuvelisa indlu, nguye-inxalenye ebalulekileyo yeprotein ye-protein. I-nitrojeni ikhuthaza ukukhula kwamaqabunga, amahlumela kunye nokwakhiwa kwee-chlorophyll - izityalo eziluhlaza zesityalo.
I-Phosphorus ikhuthaza ukukhula kweengcambu, i-ovary buds kunye nezintso. Kwakhona kubalulekile ekuvuneni, umbala weentyatyambo, imbewu kunye neziqhamo.
Potassium. Igcina ukulinganisela kwamanzi kwisityalo, igcina amanzi kwiiseli. Kwakhona kuncedisa ukwandisa ukutshatyalaliswa kwezityalo kwiintlobo zezinambuzane kunye nokwandisa ukuchasene nezimo ezimbi.
I-Sulfur, njenge-nitrogen, yenza iprotheni-like plant plant kunye ne-chlorophyll efana neyakhiwo.
I-calcium inesixanduva sokwandisa amandla esicatshulwa sesityalo kwaye, njenge potassium, kwandisa ukunyamezela kwesityalo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, isityalo sinolimo siphuculwe kwisondlo ngokwaneleyo xa sondliwa ngethuba lokukhula kwaye ungalibali ukuyibeka ngokutsha emhlabathini omtsha. Kodwa kunokwenzeka ukuphazamisa ukukhula, umbala wesityalo sakho kungekho sizathu esicacileyo. Enyanisweni, ukutya kwesityalo kuyaphazamiseka. Ukuba ukukhula kwesityalo kuyancipha, oku kubonisa ukungabikho kwe-nitrojeni - amaqabunga ajika, umbala uphela kunye nomthunzi obomvu uvele. Izilwanyana ezinobungakanani zesityalo zithetha ngokungabikho kwe-nitrogen. Isityalo sithinteka kwizifo kunye nezinambuzane. Yaye ukuba iintlobo zeentyatyambo azibonakali okanye zifakwe kumbala obalala, isibonakaliso esifanelekileyo sokungabikho kwe-phosphorus. Xa isityalo sangaphakathi singenasiphelo ngosuku olufudumeleyo, elangeni, oku kubonisa ukusilela kwe-potassium. Isityalo asikhulanga, amaqabunga awela, isityalo sithinteka kwizifo kunye nezilwanyana ezinambuzane. Umqondiso oqhelekileyo wokungabikho kwensimbi, xa umbala weemvini zamagqabantshintshi uba mnyama, kunye nomhlaba uya kuba mhlophe nge-yellow tinge. Isityalo sidibana nomngcipheko kwi-gland, xa usuku lokukhanya luba luncinane okanye i-acidity yomhlaba iyancipha. Ukuba izinga le-asidi yomhlaba likhululekile kwisityalo, ngoko kuya kukwazi ukufumana izondlo kakuhle. Umxholo ophezulu weqhekeza emanzini ngokukhawuleza unciphisa ubunqunu bomhlaba kunye namacembe aphendubile, kukho ukunqongophala kwentsimbi. Izityalo ezininzi ngexesha lokukhula akumele zilibale ukunyusa kanye ngeveki. Ebusika, isityalo sondliwa kaninzi, kanye emva kweeveki ezine. Ukuba isityalo siselula, sidinga isichumisi nge nitrojeni eninzi, iya kukukhuthaza ukukhula kwenkqubo yokuquba kunye namaqabunga. Xa isityalo siqhakaza, sifanele sondliwe ngezinye izithayamaminerali kunye ne-phosphorus. Futhi kwi-potassium, ubuninzi becala, naliphi na isityalo esimfuneko kwisiphi na isigaba sophuhliso.
Nazi iindlela ezi-2 zokusebenzisa izichumisi zentsimbi kwizityalo zangaphakathi: isichumiso esisisiseko senziwa ngaphambi kokutshala, sondliwa ngexesha lokukhula. Ziyasetyenziswa kwaye ifom esomeleleyo, zifakwa emhlabathini, kwaye isisombululo, isisombululo kufuneka sinyulwe ngokukhawuleza emva kokulungiselela.