Iimbangela zokuhlukunyezwa kokuzalwa
Esinye sezizathu eziphambili yimeko ehambelana nokungabikho kwe-oksijini kwintsholongwane nangona uphuhliso lwentsana. Emva koko imeko iyancipha xa umntwana edlula kwinqanaba lokuzalwa. Ingozi enjalo ingakhula kwaye emva kokuzalwa. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kukho iinkqubo ezinzima eziphazamisayo zokuphazamisa ukujikeleza kwegazi kwimizimba yengqondo yomntwana. Kwinkqubo yokuhambisa umntwana kunye nombhobho wokuzala, i-crane ihlahlela, eyabangela ukuxhatshazwa. Ingozi enjalo ingenzeka ngokubaluleka okungaphezulu kwebuncinci besantsha kunye nobubanzi bomngcingo wokuzalwa ngumama. Ngokuqhelekileyo umsebenzi woogqirha ukukhusela loo matyala. Emva kokuba i-pelvis yebhinqa ibalwa kangangexesha ngaphambi kokuba kuhanjiswe, kwaye ubungakanani bentloko yesisu bubonisa ngokucacileyo i-ultrasound. Kwezinye iimeko, lolu hlobo lokulimala luphawulwe emva kokuhanjiswa ngokukhawuleza, ukungena kwamanzi okanye kwixesha elide lokuzalwa.
Izibonakaliso ezibonisa ingxaki yokuzalwa yintsana
Ukuze uhlalutye ngokufanelekileyo le miqondiso, iingcali ziye zachonga amaxesha amaninzi:
- esichukumisayo, ithatha ukususela ngeveki ukuya kwiintsuku ezili-10;
- Ukubuyiselwa ngokutsha, ukuya kwiinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezine;
- Ukubuyiselwa ngokutsha kwexesha, ukuya kunyaka omnye;
- ixesha elinemiphumo emibi, engaphezu kweminyaka emibini.
Izifo zintsana zolu hlobo aziveli ngokukhawuleza. Zingakwazi ukuzimisela ukuba zihlale zizimpawu. Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kukukhushulwa ngokweqile okanye, ngokuchasene, ukungabikho komsebenzi kunye nokucinezelwa.
Ukugqithisa ngokugqithiseleyo kunokuqaphela ukuba umntwana uziphatha ngokugqithiseleyo, ngokuqhelekileyo ngokukrazula ukukhala, udibana kunye nokudumala kweemida. Uhlangothi oluxinzelelekileyo, ngakolunye uhlangothi, lunqunywe bubuthongo kunye nefuthe elibuthathaka lemizimba, ukungonakaliswa kweengcamango kunye nokuphazamiseka kokutya. Abantwana abanjalo bavame ukuhlaziya ukutya, ngamanye amaxesha lo mboniso ulibaziseka kwiinyanga ezininzi.
Ulwaphulo lokulimala kokuzalwa kwabantwana abatsha
Unyango lwama-pathologies luhlala lubunzima kwaye lunaphakade. Abantwana abaye babandezeleka yintsapho, ngokukodwa badinga ukufumana ubisi lwebele, nangona okokuqala iintsana ezinjalo zisetyenziswa kwibele emva kwezinsuku ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Bayazinyango ezinzulu emva kokunikezelwa, okuyimilinganiselo eyimfuneko.
Kwiintsuku zokuqala zeentsana, zondliwa ngepuni ngokubonisa ubisi, kwaye emva koko baqala ukunika ibhotile. Kuphela emva kweentsuku ezintlanu ukuya ezintandathu kunokwenzeka ukuvumela umntwana ukuba abekwe entolongeni. Inkqubo ye-physiotherapeutic iinkqubo kunye nokunyanga ukunyanga uyanceda ekupheliseni iimpawu zokuzalwa koluhlungu. Ukuba uhlobo oluthile lokulimala luvela kwiintsana, iintsapho ziyakuboniswa iminyaka emininzi.
Iingxaki kwiintsana ezisandul
Zixhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi: oku kukubunzima komonakalo, kunye nokukhawuleza kwonyango, kunye nempilo yokuqala yomntwana. Isiphumo sinokuthi sibe (kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo senzeke) siyakuthandeka ngokuxilongwa ngokufanelekileyo ngexesha elifanelekileyo kunye nokuchaneka, unyango loqeqesho. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zonke iimpawu zipheleleyo kwi-80% yabantwana. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, kunokubakho imiphumo emihle, ebonakaliswa ukulila nokukhupha, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yemifuno. Ngonyango olulawulwa ngendlela engafanelekanga, umphumo ngamanye amaxesha unzima kakhulu, ukuya kuphuhliso lweCGD kunye ne-oligophrenia ngokuhamba kwesikhathi.
Iprophylaxis yesi sifo sintsana
Ekubeni ukuxhatshazwa kokuzalwa kwabantwana abasanda kuzalwa, ngokuyininzi ngenxa yokungabi naso komoya, zonke iinzame zowesifazane okhulelweyo kufuneka zijoliswe ekuthintekeni kweziganeko ezinjalo. Ngethuba lokukhulelwa kubaluleke kakhulu ekukholeni ubomi obunomsebenzi obunempilo kunye nobunzima, khumbula imikhwa emibi, kuba konke oku kunokuchaphazela umntwana. Kungcono ukuba ungangcongi, kunokuba ukhangele isizathu kwaye ulungise imiphumo.
Ukufa kwendlala ye-oksijeni yomntwana kungakhula ngenxa yomonakalo ochaphazelayo kumzimba kamama, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukulungelelaniswa kokukhulelwa kokubhinqa yena kunye neqabane lakhe. Ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe, kuyimfuneko ukujongana nokuhlolwa kwezempilo jikelele kwaye uphewule ngokukhawuleza zonke izifo ezikhoyo.
Ngexesha lophuhliso lwe-intrauterine lomntwana, kuyimfuneko ukubeka iliso ngokugqithiseleyo impilo yakho kwaye ngoko nangoko uqhagamshelane nodokotela malunga naluphi na izifo eziye zavela. Umfazi ngamnye okhulelweyo kufuneka abhalise ngokubonisana nomfazi kwaye ulungiselele iimviwo ze-ultrasound ngexesha elimiselweyo. Oku kuya kunceda ukubona ngexesha eliphi na ukuphambuka kwintuthuko.