Ukuphuhliswa komzimba kwinyanga ezintlanu kunokubonakaliswa ngeendlela ezimbini: uphuhliso lwe-anthropological and skills skills. Uphuhliso lwe-Anthropological lubhekisela kwikhawulwano yokuphakama, ubunzima kunye nentloko kwimiqathango yonyango. Izakhono zezithuthi ziquka ukuphuhliswa komzimba kwabantwana. Nceda nceda! Eli nqaku linika imigangatho emitsha yokuphuhliswa kwabantwana kwiinyanga ezi-5, ezicetyiswa yi-World Health Organization (WHO).
Uphuhliso lwe-Anthropological of the child in 5 months
Ngo-2006, i-WHO yenze imigaqo emitsha yophuhliso lwe-anthropological. Imilinganiselo yangaphambili yaveliswa iminyaka engama-20 edlulileyo kwaye idlulileyo kakhulu. Ngokwezifundo ezinkulu, iirhafu zangaphambilini zagqitywa yi-15-20%! Bebehamba ngokuhambelana "nabaqulunqi" ababetha ngokukhawuleza. Kwaye abantwana bebancelisayo babesengozini. Ngenxa yoko, oomama abancelisayo, oogqirha bacebisa ukuba bancedise abantwana ngeemveliso ezixubushayo, ezibangela iingxaki ngokugaya kunye nobunzima obukhulu. Kuyamangalisa, kodwa abaninzi abantwana basekhaya abayayazi imithetho emitsha! Kubonelelwe kwi-pathology ye-developmental development, ukunika iingcomo eziyingozi, kwakhona kwakhona abazali abakhathazekile.
Kwitheyibhile elingezansi, ubukhulu bomyinge, ukuphakama, kunye nokujikeleza kwentloko kulungile. Ngokuqhelekileyo kubhalelana nabantwana abazalwe ngesisindo "esihle" se-3.2-3.4 kg. Ukuba izibonakaliso zomntwana ziyafaneleka phakathi kwemida engaphantsi nephezulu, oku kuqhelekileyo. Nangona kunjalo, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ingqalelo ukuba ixabiso elisezantsi liyimpawu kubantwana abazalwa ngokungazinzi (ngaphantsi kwe-3 kg). Kwaye ixabiso eliphezulu liyabantwana abakhulu. Ukuba umntwana wazalwa enesisindo se-2.4-4.2 kg, kodwa engangeni kwimigangatho, kuyimfuneko ukuyihlola kwiingcali.
iinyanga ezi-5 ezipheleleyo | ithetha ixabiso | umda ophantsi wesiqhelo | umda ophezulu wesiqhelo |
ubunzima bemantombazana | 6.8-7 kg | kwi 5,4 kg | ukuya ku- 8.8 kg |
ubunzima beebhokhwe | 7.4-7.6 kg | kwi 6 kg | ukuya ku-9.4 kg |
ukukhula kwamantombazana | 64 cm | ukusuka ku-59.5 centimeters | ukuya kuma-68.5 cm |
ukukhula kwamakhwenkwe | 66 cm | ukusuka ku-61.5 centimeters | ukuya kwi 70 cm |
intloko kwintombazana | 41.5 amasentimitha | kusuka ku-39 centimitha | ukuya kuma-44 cm |
intloko kwintwazana | 42.5 amasentimitha | 40 cm | ukuya kuma-45 cm |
Izakhono zonyango zomntwana kwiinyanga ezi-5
Kwimoto yecandelo, inkqubela phambili enkulu iyabonwa. Imisipha evela kwi-hypertonicity ekugqibeleni ikhutshwe ize iqale ukusebenza ngendlela edibeneyo ngendlela edibeneyo. Umntwana ukhulisa ukutshatyalaliswa-oko kukuthi, ukunyakaza okuqhelekileyo komzimba, xa kukho zonke iisundu ezibandakanyekayo. Ewe, abantwana banokuhambisa umzimba wonke ekuzalweni. Kodwa kuphela ngenyanga yesi-5 imilenze, iingalo, umva kunye nentamo entweni ekhonsathini, ukuthobela enye injongo.
Kwiinyanga ezi-5, uninzi lwabantwana sele bephendukile kwisisu zabo ngasemva. Abanye abantwana sele bekwazi ukuphendulela ukusuka emva kwisisu. Ngalesi sizukulwana, abantwana banako ukuchitha ixesha elithile kwindawo yokuhlala. Ngoko umntwana kulula ukugcina oko kwenzekayo kunye nokuthetha nabantu abadala. Nangona kunjalo, akukhuthazwa ukubeka umntwana kwifenitshala elithambileyo okanye ukubeka umlotha ngaphantsi komva. Umgangatho kufuneka ube yinto eqinile, kunye neentlambo. Umntwana akayifaki intamo kwaye akayi kuguqa, ityala endaweni efanelekileyo yokuhlaziywa.
Iinguqu ezibonakalayo zenzeke ekukhuleni komntwana ukuhamba kwindawo kwisisu. Izingane zithatha i-frog, zikhuphe kunye neenyawo zazo ziqhube phambili. Ezinye iintsana zikhwela kuphela ngoncedo lwezandla. Kwenzeka ukuba umntwana uqala ukubuyela emuva, kodwa emva koko uqala "ukuhamba phambili".
Inxalenye yeselula yomzimba izandla zomntwana. Bahlala behamba. Ingane ifikelela kwizifundo ezahlukahlukeneyo kwaye izama ukubamba. Nangona kunjalo, ukunyuka kwezenzo okwaneleyo akuthethi, akukho nkululeko inokwaneleyo yokunyuka kwamanwe. Abantwana endaweni ye-zagrebut kunokuba vzbmut into enomdla.
Impawu ezibonakalayo:
- Umntwana ujika;
- Unokulala esisu sakhe senza "ukugwinya": udonsa imilenze kunye nokuphatha, ukugoba nokuphakamisa intloko;
- Ugcina intloko yakhe kakuhle xa ehleli kunye nenkxaso yabantu abadala;
- Uyazi indlela yokubamba ibhotile ngezandla zakhe kwaye ubambelele unina kumama;
- Impumelelo kwiinyawo zeminwe;
- Ngokuzithemba ngokwaneleyo kweso sifundo, kunye nomdla wokudlala kunye ne-rattle.