I-Anatomy yengcinga
Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeememori ezahlukileyo, ezahlukileyo, okokuqala, ngexesha lokugcinwa kolwazi. Imemori yexesha elifutshane kukukwazi ukugcina ulwazi entloko yakho kumasekhondi ambalwa ukuya kwiiyure eziliqela. Inokuthelekiswa nebhodi yesikhwama, apho sisebenzisa okwethutyana ulwazi olufanelekileyo. Emva koko, ukuba ingqondo ibona kuyimfuneko, enye yale nkcazelo iya kwimemori yesikhathi eside, kwaye inxalenye icinywa. Imemori yexesha elifutshane inendima ebalulekileyo ekucingeni: ithatha inxaxheba ngokubakho kwiinkqubo zokubala engqondweni, ukwakhiwa kweelometrical analalogies, intetho. Ininzi ininzi yabantu, umthamo wememori yesikhashana izinto ezi-7 + - 2 ezivela kwiindidi ezahlukeneyo (amanani, amagama, imifanekiso, izandi). Ukulinganisa umthamo weememori "zokusebenza" akunzima: gxininisa kwisicatshulwa amagama angama-al-10, ufunde kwaye uzame ukuvelisa kwakhona okokuqala. Ngaphantsi kweemeko ezithile (ukufakwa kwekhanda, ukuphindaphinda, imibala engokomzwelo, njl.), Ulwazi ludluliselwa kuyo ukusuka kwithuba elifutshane, apho lingagcinwa khona emashumi eminyaka. Kubantu, umthamo wememori yexesha elide unokungafani kakhulu.
Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokukhubazeka kweememori ziquka:
1. Iimeko ezibangelwa yimisebenzi engaphezulu okanye izifo;
2. Ukuphambaniswa kwemisipha ye-cerebral, ebonakalayo ngokuhlaselwa kwesisu, ukungaboni kakuhle, "ukuqhuma" phambi kwamehlo;
Izizathu zesigxina: uxinzelelo, ukudibanisa ulwazi.
Ukukhathazeka okungaphezulu kweememori kungabangelwa yi-craneocebral trauma, i-stroke, umonakalo wesibindi, ukungabikho kwe-vitamin B1, i-carbon monoxide yetyhefu.
Ingqondo kunye neemvakalelo
Ayikho imfihlelo yokuba imicimbi yebala kunye namazwi ("uthando", "ulonwabo") ukhunjulwa kangcono kunokuba kungathathi hlangothi. Nangona kunjalo, akuyena kuphela umnxibelelwano phakathi kweememori kunye neemvakalelo.
Ukuphindaphinda
Isiganeko esikuthintele kakhulu emoyeni, uyaphinda uyibuyisele kwakhona ixesha elide. Ngoko, kungcono ukuyikhumbula. Umzekelo, ukuba uhambe nje kwi-cinema, ngoko kwiminyaka embalwa awunakukukhumbula ngawo. Enye umba ukuba umlilo uphumele kwi-cinema ngexesha leseshoni. Ukulondolozwa kweenkumbulo ezinjalo kukuchaphazela amahomoni e-adrenaline kunye ne-norepinephrine, ebonakala ngexesha lokuxinzezeleka kwengqondo. Ukuxhalabisa kungabangela umqobo wokukhutshwa kwezikhumbuzo. Umzekelo obalaseleyo wale nto ukulibala kwiimeko ezinje njengemviwo okanye intlanganiso ebalulekileyo.
Impembelelo yomxholo
Imemori isebenza bhetele kwiimeko, iindlela kunye neendlela zokuphuhliswa kwememori, ezifana nezo zenzeka kuyo imemori. Oku kuchaza ukukhunjulwa kwezikhumbuzo ezivela kumntu ozifumana kwindawo yakubo.
Ezinzulwini zobomi bam
Ngaphandle kwesazi, inkumbulo ingakwazi ukugcina okubizwa ngokuba yi "inkumbulo". Ngamanye amaxesha iziganeko okanye amava anika umntu iimvakalelo ezinzima kangangokuthi "uyazigatya", ziwagxotha emininzi yememori. Ezi zikhumbuzo ziyakwazi ukuqhubeka zichaphazela ubomi bethu. Ngokomzekelo, ibhinqa elishiya ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini ngexesha lobuncinci lingase libe neengxaki kwisigaba sezesondo. Kukho indlela evumela ukuba "ulindele" iimeko ezinjalo, ziphinda uzihlaziye kwakhona, okanye ulahlekelwe enye ikhosi yeziganeko. Oku kwenza iimvakalelo zibe nzima kakhulu. Kodwa ngaba kufuneka sizame ukususa amava amaninzi ememori? Kukho iindlela ezikhethekileyo zokuchaphazela ingqondo ukuze ulahle ulwazi olungadingekile. Ngokukodwa, i-hypnosis. Kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuqikelela ukuba le "nkumbulo" yezinkumbulo iza kuba njani. Ngoko ke, kungcono ukufunda ukusebenzisa nayiphi na ingcaciso ngokulungileyo.
Khumbula kwakhona ubomi obudlulileyo
Esinye seziganeko ezithandekayo kunye neziyimfihlelo ezihambelana nomemori yiloo nto ebizwa ngokuthi "deja vu" (kubonakala kumntu ukuba wayesezifumene imeko ngaphambili, unokukwazi ukuxela ngokubanzi iinkcukacha zemizuzwana embalwa elandelayo). Iingcali zithi i-97% yabantu bayayazi le nto. Kuze kube ngoku, izazinzulu azikho inkcazelo engabonakaliyo yento ethi "deja vu". Abanye bakholelwa ukuba kwenzeka ukuba ukudluliselwa kolwazi kwiindawo eziphakamileyo zobuchopho butyhutyha (umzekelo, xa unxinzekile). Abanye baqhubeka beqikelele ngokuthe ngqo: ingqondo ephumle ngokukhawuleza yenza iinkcukacha ezibonakala ziqhelekile. Ukungabikho kwengcaciso echanileyo kuye kwabangela ukuba abaninzi banomdla wokubona kule nkcazo engummangaliso kunye neengcambu zengqiqo. Kukho imbono "sele ibone" yinto ehlanganiswe kwimemori yethu yemfuza, oko kukuthi, iinkumbulo zobomi bookhokho bethu. Abanye badibanisa nokuvuselelwa komphefumlo.
Inkqubo yokukhumbula ngeFranz Lezer
Ingcali yeJamani kwimemori nokufunda ngokukhawuleza uFranz Lezer ubonisa izigaba ezithandathu zokukhumbula, ngasinye sinokuthi senziwe ngempumelelo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezizodwa.
Ingqiqo yolwazi ngeengqondo
Ukukhumbula kangcono ulwazi, kufuneka usebenzise iziganeko ezingaphezulu (bona, phulaphula, uthinte). Kwaye nangona elowo wethu uphucule kangcono "abahlalutyi" beengcinga, uqeqesho luya kuphuhliswa kunye nabanye. Ngoko ke, ukuba uvale amehlo akho, qalisa ukuva ngcono, uzive ucofe kwaye uthinte ngokugqithiseleyo.
Ukugxininiswa kwengqalelo
Yenza umsebenzi olula. Bala ngethuba lokufunda zingaphi iileta "a" kwisivakalisi esilandelayo: "Ukukhumbula kudinga ingqalelo." Kwaye ke xelele ukuba, bekubaninzi kangakanani kwesi sigwebo ... iileta "n"? Ukuqwalasela into enye, sihlala siqwalasela enye. Abaculi bexesha elizayo, umzekelo, ukuqeqesha ingqwalasela, jonga ukukhumbula ngeenxalenye ezininzi zendalo ngendlela enokwenzeka, oko kufuneka kukhishwe kwimemori.
"Ukubopha" ulwazi kwizinto owaziyo
Naluphina ulwazi olutsha lunokuthi ludibanise ngengqondo nento oyaziyo. Kungaba, umzekelo, ukudibanisa ukudibanisa. Umzekelo ocacileyo kukufunda kwamagama angaphandle. Unokudibanisa iyunithi entsha ngokufanayo kunye nolwimi lwakho lwasekhaya, okanye ucinge ukuba leli gama liza kubheka (yintoni umbala, ukuma) kuya kuba kukuthintela okanye ukunambitha.
Ukuphindaphinda ngokuphazamiseka
Ukukhunjulwa kuyinkqubo yokuqonda. Ukuqonda oku kuvumela ukuba kubekho ukukhwabanisa umbane xa ufumana ulwazi kwakhona ukufumana into entsha kulo, ukubonelela ngokugqithisileyo kwezinto eziphathekayo.
Ukulibala
Ungesabi ukulibala, kodwa ushiye "ukuphela kwetambo" apho ubophelele ulwazi ngolwazi oluseleyo. Ngokomzekelo, yenza amanqaku amfutshane kwidayari, yenza amanqaku, gcina idayari.
Khumbula
Ukuba ulandela zonke iziphakamiso ezibhalwe ngasentla, awuyi kuba neengxaki "ngokukhumbula" ulwazi. Iingcali zikholelwa: kunye noqeqesho oluchanekileyo, nangona inkqubo ihlanganiswa ngokuzimela, imemori iqinisekisiwe ukuphucula. Ezi zixhobo ziya kukunceda uhlakulele ukukwazi ukukhumbula ngaphezulu nokubhetele.
Ukugxininiswa kwengqalelo
UFranz Lezer uncoma ngenjongo yoqeqesho ukuba enze inkcazo yomfanekiso, rhoqo echaza. Ukuzivocavoca kunokuphindaphindiwe ngezinto eziphazamisayo (njengengxolo).
Amashishini
Ukukhunjulwa kwamanani. Bhala amanani angama-20 kwaye udibanise ngokungqongqo nabantu abathile okanye izinto (umzekelo, umzekeliso 87 - umfazi ozeleyo uza kunye nomntu ongenamakhanda, umfanekiso 5 ucola njenge-lily of the valley, njl.). Emva koko zama ukubuyisela kwimemori. Ukuzivocavoca kufuneka kuphindwe ngamanani ahlukeneyo imihla ngemihla, ngokunyuka kwandisa inani kunye nobude. Ukukhumbula amagama. Ukuba kunzima ukuba ukhumbule amagama, zama ukudibanisa phakathi kwezandi zegama nokubonakala. Ngokomzekelo, uAlexander unempumlo ebukhali, efana neleta ethi "A", u-Olga uhamba kakuhle, "ujikeleze". Ukukhumbula ngokulandelelana. Ukwenza oku, kufuneka udibanise kunye nezo ziganeko, uze ulungiselele ngengqondo imifanekiso eqingqiweyo esitratweni esaziwayo. Ukucinga indlela uhamba ngayo, uya kukhumbuza amagama ofuna.
Ukuphindaphinda ngokuzwakalayo
Ukuba ufuna ukukhumbuza ulwazi oluvakalayo kwingxoxo, zama kwakhona ukuthetha ngokuvakalayo emva kwexesha, umzekelo, ukubuyela kwisihloko uze ubuze umbuzo ocacileyo. Inkqubo efanayo ingasetyenziselwa ukukhumbula amagama: ngokubiza igama ngamagama amaninzi ngexesha leengxoxo, uya kukhumbula ixesha elide.
Yonke imihla, funda isahlulo esincinane sesicatshulwa (imihlathi 2-3) ngale ndlela:
1) funda itekisi kanye okanye kabini;
2) uliphule zibe ziinqununu ezinentsingiselo;
3) Phinda uhlandlo eziliqela, ukhangele kuye. Inani lezo ziphindaphindiweyo kufuneka libe ngama-50% aphezulu kunexabiso elifunekayo yokudlala okungekho mpazamo yokuqala. Phinda ubhale itekisi ngosuku olulandelayo (kungekudala ngaphaya kweeyure ezingama-20).
Enye ingcamango engabonakaliyo yeemeko ezenzekayo kunye nokukhumbula okukhutheleyo. Ngokomzekelo, ubusuku bonke, ngeenkcukacha, khumbula inkumbulo yonke into eyenzeka kuwe ngosuku, uzama ukukhumbuza iinkcukacha ezininzi ngokunokwenzeka (apho umlingane wayegqoke, umbala wefowuni kumlingane othethwano). Ngokuphindaphindiweyo, sebenzisa i-mnemotechnical (engahambelani nomxholo wekhanda). Omnye wemimiselo edumileyo ibinzana elithi: "Wonke umzingeli ufuna ukwazi apho i-pheasant ihleli". Ngokuqhelekileyo wenze ezo ziphakamiso. Ukukhokelwa ngumgaqo ophambili wengqondo yengqondo: phucula ngokutshintshwa kweklasi, kungekhona ngokungaziqondi. Okunye ukukhumbula ngekhanda lomzimba. Hlanganisa ukukhumbula ngezinye iindlela zokuhamba: ukuhamba, ukubopha, ukutshiza.
Ukwakhiwa
Ubomi bomntu bugcina kakuhle ulwazi ukuba ngaba uqhagamshelwano olunengqiqo lubekwe phakathi kwamalungu alo. Cinga nje iziganeko ezibini ezingabonakaliyo, kwaye uzame ukwakha uxhulumaniso phakathi kwabo. Umzekelo:
1. I-Vasya yayifikile emsebenzini ukwenzela iiyure ezingama-2.5.
2. Ngobusuku samisa intlanganiso. Umzekelo woxhumo olunengqiqo: UVasya akaze afike emsebenzini. "Ixesha lakhe lingumcimbi ongalindelekanga." - Intlanganiso yamiselwa ngokungalindelekanga. UFranz Lezer ucacisa umzekelo onjalo wokwakhiwa: ukuba inani 683429731 libekwe njengo-683-429-731, kuya kuba lula ukukhumbula. Unokwahlula ulwazi malunga namaqela A, B, C, D, njl.
Hlola imemori yakho
Ezi zifundo, eziphuhliswa nguFranz Lezer, ziya kukunceda uqonde izinga lokuphuhlisa imemori yakho. Funda uludwe lwezinto kwaye emva kwexesha elithile, bhala yonke into ekhunjulwayo. Impendulo ithathwa njengento echanekileyo ukuba, kunye kunye nenxalenye, inombolo yayo ye-serial ibonisiwe. Iimpendulo ezichanekileyo kwibloko ngalinye lihlulwe inani lezinto ezivela kumthombo kwaye zandiswe ngu-100 - ngoko ufumana ipesenti yokukhumbula kakuhle. Ngokwezibalo zeFrench u-Jean-Marie Boer, ngokunyuka kwe-vitamin C emzimbeni ngama-50%, amandla akwazi ukunyuka ngamanqaku amane. UDkt. Boer ucebisa ngamanye amaxesha ukuba angayishiyi ingqondo yenkomo okanye inyama. Zine-fatty acids kunye nama-amino acids, ezifanelekileyo kakhulu kwiingqondo. Kodwa ukutya okunamanqatha kubangela iingxaki ngeememori. Oku kuboniswa ngophando lwezinzululwazi uGordon Vinokur noCarol Greenwood waseToronto. Bakholelwa ukuba amanqatha athatha ezinye i-glucose ezifunekayo ekuphuculweni kwengqondo. Ngokumkhumbula okuqhelekileyo, umntu unokuzalisa ngokuchanekileyo amagama angama-7 angama-9, kanye namazwi angama-12 - emva kokuphindaphinda kwama-17, amagama angama-24 - emva kokuphindaphinda kwama-40.