Izityalo ezingaphandle: i-caladium

Isityalo seCaladium sithunyelwa kwizityalo zentsapho yaseAraceae. I-genus apho iKaladium ibandakanya khona malunga neentlobo ezili-15 zezityalo. Indawo yokuzalwa ye-caladium yi-tropical yaseMelika. Ukuba uguqulela igama lesi sityalo kulwimi lwabantu basekuhlaleni, kuya kuthetha "isityalo esinezimpande ezidliwayo."

I-Caladium - izityalo ziphela. I-caladium ineeqabunga ezisezantsi kunye nomlo ohlotshiweyo. Ziye zahluka, zifana neentliziyo, zinokuthi zibe nemibala enemibala kunye nemidwebo yobukhulu nobukhulu obuhlukeneyo. Iintyatyambo ziqokelelwa kwii-cobs, zincinci ngobukhulu, kodwa i-caladium ayithandeki ngenxa yeentyatyambo, kodwa ngenxa yembala engavamile yamacembe amakhulu. Ngelishwa, iCaladiums siyakukholisisa ngobuhle bamaphecana ngethuba elifutshane (ukususela kwiintsuku zokuqala zentsasa ukuya ekwindla). I-Kaladium iyisityalo esinobhubhane, kwaye ebusika iqala ixesha lokuphumla. Iiflethi, zomile, ziwa, kwaye isityalo "silala" kuze kube yintsasa ezayo.

Nangona i-caladium ingezo izityalo zokugcoba, izilimo zayo zezilimo zibuye zisetyenziswe ngokubanzi-ekutya. Isityalo sitsalwa kwiifama ze-botanical, kumagumbi, kwiidiya.

Izityalo ezingaphakathi kwi-kaladium kakhulu. Bafuna kakhulu imiqathango. Ukuze i-caladium ikhule kwaye ikhule, kuyimfuneko ukugcina ulawulo oluqinileyo, mhlawumbi liya kufa. Indawo efanelekileyo kuyo i-hothouse okanye ifestile yeentyatyambo evaliweyo.

Caladium: iindidi

Kukho iindidi eziliqela ze-caladium. Bonke babumbene kwiqela eliqhelekileyo, elibizwa ngokuba yi-garden kaladiumami (S. x hortulanum Birdsey), ngokwenene, yabelwe:

Caladium: unonophelo

I-Kaladium idinga ukukhanya okukhanyayo kodwa okusabalalisa. Ukukhanya ngokuthe ngqo ukusuka elangeni, i-caladium ingadluliselwa kuphela ngexesha langemva kwemini, kwaye kusasa. Izimbiza kunye nesityalo kufuneka zifakwe kwiifestile ezisentshona okanye empuma. Ukuba i-caladium ifakwe kwifestile kwicala elingasentla, kufuneka ukuba i-pritenit ukusuka kutshintshi ngqo.

Gcina i-caladium kuma-degree angama-25. Akufanele kube phantsi kwama-degrees angama-20. Oku, okwenzekayo, kuyafaneleka ukushisa okumele kube khona kumhlaba. Xa kukho ixesha lokuphumla, ukushisa akufanele kube ngaphantsi kwee-18 degrees.

Xa ixesha lezityalo liza, i-caladium kufuneka iphuze ngokubanzi. Amanzi kufuneka athambile, abe nexesha lokulungisa. Iqondo lokushisa kufuneka libe yikhasi lokushisa. Ngexesha elizayo isityalo sinyuka emva kokuba iindawo eziphezulu zomhlaba zomile. Kodwa udongwe lwebumba ebhodweni kufuneka luhlale lumanzi. Unokubeka ibhodlela le-caladium kwi-peat emanzi okanye ngamatye. Kwiintsuku zokugqibela zasehlobo nasekuqaleni kukaSeptember ukuthambisa kuqala ukunciphisa. Xa ixesha lokuphumla liqala, umhlaba ngamanye amaxesha kufuneke uhlanjululwe ukukhusela ukomiswa kwezilimo eziyizigaxa. Emva kwesityalo esitshalisiweyo, kufuneka sinyulwe ngokucophelela, ukuze kungabi nakubonakele. Ukunkcenkceshela kwandiswe ngokulinganayo nokukhula kobunzima obuhlaza.

Ezi ntlobo zifana nomswakama ophezulu. Kufuneka ukuba kube kwizinga le-70%. Ukuba umququzelelo wesityalo awukwanele, ngoko unokukhokelela kumonakalo kwisityalo kuze kube sekufeni. I-Caladium kufuneka ifefe rhoqo kwaye ininzi, kodwa amanzi akufanele awele kumaqabunga, ngenxa yamanzi amancinci, amabala amdaka angabonakala kuwo, kwaye isityalo silahlekelwa yinto yonke yokuhlobisa. Ukwandisa ubumanzi, izimbiza zinokufakwa kwizithuthi ezinamanzi, kodwa phantsi kweembiza kufuneka zingathinti amanzi.

Emva kokuba amahlumela ayeke ukukhula, kwaye nangaphambi kweentsuku zokuqala zika-Agasti, kanye emva kweentsuku ezi-7, kufuneka wenze izichumisi ezimbiweyo eziveliswe ngqo kwiintyatyambo. I dose ibalwa ngokuhambelana nezikhokelo eziqhotyoshelwe kwisiza. Ukususela ngo-Agasti, ukondla kumile.

I-Caladium: ixesha lohlaza kunye ne-dormancy

Isikhathi sokuphumla sityalo seCaladium siqhakazile. Ngo-Agasti, izityalo ziyafa ngamacembe. Ngeli xesha, isityalo akufanele siphuze. Iibhubhu emhlabathini kufuneka zibe kwifom eyomileyo. Bomile kufuneka balele ngaphambi kweentsuku zokuqala zikaMatshi. Kuhle ukugcina izityalo ze-tuber kwilizwe elidala okanye isanti. Iqondo lokushisa akufanele libe ngaphantsi kwezinga le-18 degrees, kodwa kulunge ukuba ngaba ngama-20 degrees. Ukuze ugweme ukugubha ngamandla kwezilimo eziyizigaxa, kufuneka ulungele ukuhambisa umgca. Izintso ziqala ukuhluma ekuqaleni kukaMatshi. Ngemihla yokugqibela kaFebhuwari, iifubers kufuneka zihlanjululwe, zihlukaniswe ezincinci ukusuka kwiindawo ezinkulu kwaye zityalwe kwizimbiza.

Xa silungiselela umhlaba wokutyala, sithatha inxalenye ye-humus, inxalenye yelizwe leqabunga, inxalenye ye-peat nesiqingatha sesihlabathi. I-acid-alkaline level of substrate ayifanele idlule 6. Ngelo xesha, iqondo lokushisa kufuneka liqhubeke kwizinga le-22 degrees. Ukunkcenkceshela kufuneka kwenziwe ngamanzi, ekwazi ukulungiswa kwaye athathaka. Emva kwexeshana, inkqubo yeengcambu iqala ukwenza kwifom, kwaye iqala ukukhula. Xa kukho amahlumela, bawamanzi kakuhle, ngokuphuhliswa kwamaqabunga okusela ayenyuka.

Emva kokuba kuvele amaqabunga amathathu okanye amane, i-inflorescences nayo inokwenza. Isityalo sitshula iintsuku eziliqela. Imbewu ivuthwa emva kweenyanga ezi-2. Kwinqanaba elingaphantsi kwe-inflorescence kukho "iintyatyambo" zentombi, kunye nxalenye ephezulu - esebenzayo "yindoda". I-pollen, ukuvuthwa kwangaphambili, inempahla yokugubha. Ku-pollen, i-pollen isoloko ithathwa kwamanye ama-inflorescences. Amaqabunga alahlekelwa ukuhlobisa kwabo ixesha elide kokubili kwisityalo ngokwawo nangemva kokusika kwi-bouquets okanye kwi-vases. Ixesha lesityalo se-caladium lifutshane. Iphela ukusuka kwiintsuku zokuqala zikaMatshi ukuya kwiintsuku zokugqibela zika-Agasti.

I-Caladium: ukuzaliswa (imbewu, izilimo eziyizigaxa)

Xa zisasazwa ngoncedo lwembewu, kufuneka zihlwayelwe ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvuna. Kuzo imbewu, umhlaba oqulethwe ngepraat kunye nomhlaba wamagqabi omhlaba kwiindawo ezilinganayo kufanelekile. Izithombo zimele zivele kwiintsuku ezili-18. Ngeentsuku zokuqala zekwindla, ifomathi ifom. Zigcinwa, njengezinye izilimo eziyizigaxa, kwaye zityalwe ngoFebhuwari noMatshi. Xa ukuveliswa kwembewu kuqhutyelwa, ukuhlukaniswa kwezinga eliphezulu kuphawulwa, yingakho imbewu ikhethiweyo kumagqabi, kwaye loo mibala eneendawo ezincomekayo kakhulu zikhethiweyo.

Iibhubhu ziyanda ukusuka ngoFebhuwari ukuya kuMatshi. Ziyakwazi ukwahlula kwiindawo, kodwa kuyimfuneko ukuba ubuncinane ubuncinci bodwa bukhona kwinxalenye nganye. Amacandelo afanele abe yimpuphu kunye namalahle emithini. Iibhubesi kufuneka zityalwe emhlabeni kunye ne-peat nesihlabathi. Emva kokufika, ibhokisi ifakwa ekukhanyeni kwiqondo lokushisa malunga nama-degrees angama-24.

Iingxaki ekukhuleni i-caladium

Ukuze sifumane izityalo ezihlobisa kakhulu, simele sithathe izilimo eziyizigaxa ezineminyaka emibili. Izilwanyana zonyaka wokuqala kufuneka zityalwe ukulima.

Isityalo sithinteka kakhulu ekungabikho kwamanzi kunye nokubanda. Kubalulekile ukubeka iliso urhulumente wokushisa kunye nokuhlaziywa kwamanzi. Musa ukulibala malunga nemilinganiselo yokongeza.

I-Caladium ingonakalisa i-aphids.